The Supreme Court Upholds the Right to Bear Arms

Published in Le Figaro
(France) on 29 June 2010
by Marie Herbet (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Juliette Wilkerson. Edited by Sam Carter.
In the United States, a Supreme Court decision issued Monday prohibits states and cities from undermining the Second Amendment of the U.S. Constitution.

Supporters of the right to bear arms claimed a victory. The final barriers that had prevented American citizens from defending themselves have just been removed. In a landmark decision — and the most anticipated one of the year — the Supreme Court ruled that from now on neither states nor cities can restrict or prohibit the carrying of firearms.

Since the Heller case in 2008, this principle had applied only to federal authorities. Some cities, like Chicago, had rushed into the breach by taking measures to restrict the carrying of firearms, which is a right written in stone in the American Constitution since 1791. Angered by this challenge to the sacrosanct Second Amendment, Otis McDonald, a resident of Chicago, did not hesitate to take the issue to court and asked that the court invalidate the measures taken by the city.

His request found strong support among the conservative judges of the Supreme Court, but there was a split within the institution. In the end, it was a close vote of five to four that guaranteed the right to bear arms. Any questioning was unthinkable for Judge Samuel Alito, who believes that this right is "fundamental." In the most liberal ranks of the Supreme Court, the verdict was cause for concern. "Unlike other forms of substantive liberty, the carrying of arms for that purpose often puts others' lives at risk," Justice Stephen Breyer said, noting that firearms cause approximately 60,000 deaths or accidents each year.

Far from having removed all the legal loopholes, the Supreme Court decision could lead to a new wave of litigation. In Georgia, there is already debate surrounding the possibility of legalizing the carrying of weapons in places of worship even though there is a federal law against it. "All they’ve done is establish what the Second Amendment means, generally. They haven’t begun to develop all of the contours of it. We don’t know in what kinds of places states and local governments can prevent carrying," explained John Monroe, a Georgia lawyer and staunch defender of the Second Amendment.

The Supreme Court decision did not elaborate on the issue, considering it the responsibility of lower courts to exercise "reasonable control" over the nature of the weapons carried and the conditions under which the owners possess them. In the wake of this ruling, one thing is certain: America remains highly polarized over the consequences of the strengthening of the right to bear arms. While the National Rifle Association lapped it up, anti-violence organizations have their backs against the wall: "People will die because of this decision. It is a victory only for the gun lobby and America's fading firearms industry," said Kristen Rand, head of the Violence Policy Center Foundation.

According to a survey conducted in January 2010 by Harris Poll, 80 percent of Americans are in favor of owning rifles and 74 percent are in favor of owning handguns.






Aux Etats-Unis, une décision de justice rendue lundi interdit aux Etats et aux villes de porter atteinte au deuxième amendement de la Constitution.

Les partisans du port d'armes crient victoire aux Etats-Unis. Les derniers verrous qui empêchaient les citoyens américains d'assurer leur propre défense viennent de sauter. Dans une décision cruciale rendue lundi, la plus attendue de l'année, la Cour suprême a tranché : ni les Etats ni les villes ne peuvent désormais limiter ou interdire le port d'armes à feu.

Depuis l'affaire Heller en 2008, ce principe ne s'appliquait qu'aux autorités fédérales. Quelques villes, à l'instar de Chicago, s'étaient engouffrées dans la brèche pour prendre des mesures restreignant le port d'armes à feu, un droit pourtant inscrit dans le marbre de la Constitution américaine depuis 1791. Irrité par la remise en cause du sacro-saint deuxième amendement, Otis McDonald, un habitant de Chicago, n'a pas hésité à régler la question devant le tribunal, en demandant l'annulation des mesures prises par la municipalité.

Sa requête a trouvé bon écho auprès des juges conservateurs de la Cour, mais une ligne de fracture est apparue au sein de l'institution. Au final, c'est un vote très serré de cinq voix contre quatre qui a permis de rendre le port d'armes intouchable. Toute remise en cause était inconcevable pour le juge Samuel Alito, tant ce droit fait «partie des plus fondamentaux.» Dans les rangs plus libéraux de la Cour suprême, le verdict inquiète. «Contrairement aux autres libertés, le port d'armes met la vie des autres en péril», regrette le juge Stephen Breyer, rappelant que les armes à feu causent environ 60 000 morts ou accidents chaque année.

«Des gens vont mourir à cause de cette décision»

Loin d'avoir levé tous les vides juridiques, la décision de la Cour suprême pourrait entraîner une ribambelle de recours en justice. En Géorgie, on s'interroge déjà sur la possibilité de rendre le port d'armes légal dans les lieux de culte, alors qu'une législation nationale s'y oppose. «Tout ce que les juges ont fait, c'est d'établir ce que le deuxième amendement signifie. Mais ils n'ont pas commencé à en définir les contours. Nous ne savons pas quels sont les lieux où les Etats peuvent interdire le port d'armes», explique John Monroe, avocat en Géorgie et fervent défenseur du deuxième amendement.

La décision de la Cour suprême ne s'étend pas sur le sujet, considérant qu'il est du ressort des tribunaux d'exercer un «contrôle raisonnable» sur la nature des armes portées et les conditions dans lesquelles les propriétaires les détiennent. A l'issue de l'arrêt rendu, une chose est sûre : l'Amérique reste très polarisée sur les conséquences de la consolidation du droit au port d'armes. Alors que la National Rifle Association boit du petit lait, certaines organisations de lutte contre la violence sont aux abois : « Des gens vont mourir à cause de cette décision, c'est une victoire pour le lobby des armes et l'industrie déclinante des armes à feux», observe Kristen Rand, responsable de la fondation Violence Policy Center.

Selon un sondage Harrispoll réalisé en janvier 2010, 80% des Américains se déclarent en faveur de la détention de fusils et 74% d'armes de poing.
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1 COMMENT

  1. You betcha. We do love our right to bear arms. I remember reading an interview from an immigrant from an Eastern European country that has since been liberated…he said their biggest mistake was that then the men came to their doors to take their guns, they didn’t shoot them.

    We won’t make that mistake here.

    As far as statistics go, the cities with the strictest gun bans have the highest violence and murder rates. You see, the murders and violence are not caused by law abiding citizens, but by criminals. No law ever stops criminals from posessing firearms…it only affects the law abiding. So, every citizen is fair game to the criminals because law abiding people cannot defend themselves.

    When the law abiding people are armed, it’s only hard on crime. In fact, a popular name for gun clubs is “the Polite Society”…trust me, when the guy next to you may be armed, it’s always wise to be polite.

    Think about it.

    Best regards,
    Gail S
    http://www.backyardfence.wordpress.com