Xi Jinping’s Visit to the US Strengthens Sino-US Harmonious Relationship

Published in Lianhe Zaobao
(Singapore) on 21 February 2012
by Tan Zhong (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Edward Seah. Edited by Laurie Henneman.
Xi’s trip to the U.S. over more than four days reminded us of the profound meaning of a Tang dynasty poem, “The east and the west give life to the sun and the moon; night and day are like turning precious stones” (Yuan Zhen, “The Bitter Rain”). The “east and west” describe the vast world. And while there will always be a great distance between people, mankind together creates the glories of the sun, moon and the stars.

In terms of culture, knowledge and wisdom, China has been the most abundant from ancient to modern times, while the U.S. is the richest empire in modern times. Xi’s visit to the U.S. is his fifth (he went there during his days as a student, and also in 1980 as a member of the military delegation led by Geng Biao [of the Communist Party of China's Central Military Commission]. He is familiar with the country and has the relaxed, comfortable and humorous demeanor of the Americans.

The U.S. considers itself to be the status quo power at the pinnacle of the pyramid of the world order, and in the past viewed China with a sense of disgust as a revisionist power. In recent years, it has gradually come to regard China as a status quo power and accepted her as a member of the putative international community, demanding that she shoulder more obligations and naming her as a “responsible stakeholder.”

An Emphasis that China and the U.S. Should Work Together to Overcome Times of Difficulties

China and the U.S. hold the Strategic and Economic Dialogue each year, and in June last year established under this platform the Strategic Security Dialogue the consultation on Asia-Pacific affairs.* In these dialogues, old hands Dai Bingguo and Wang Qishan also pushed the “responsible stakeholder” position onto the U.S. Xi seized this crucial point during the recent visit and threw the ball of “responsibility” that had been given to China back to the U.S. court with a smile on his face.

In a welcome lunch held by friendly American organizations on Feb. 15, Xi delivered a speech titled “Working Together to Build a Better Future for the Sino-U.S. Partnership,” in which he pointed out many figures such as: In the 33 years since China and the U.S. established diplomatic relations, the bilateral trade volume grew by 180 times, and is likely to exceed $500 billion in 2012; U.S.’ exports to China grew 468 percent in the last 10 years; and China has become the fastest growing export market of the U.S. These are incontestable facts, and the “Chinese threat” has nowhere to hide.

Xi also brought up once again the package of cooperation initiatives to promote China-U.S. trade and investments, and emphasized that the two nations have to work together to overcome times of difficulties. The following day, Mitt Romney, one of the candidates competing for the Republican presidential nomination, wrote about sanctioning China in The Washington Post. [The Washington Post] reporter Eugene Robinson asked in his commentary, “China is serious about its direction. Why aren’t we about ours?” Based on his own observations during his visit to China [last year], the country is paying close attention to the attitude of the American government and public toward China, so it is already used to anti-Chinese sentiments during elections. It is, however, searching carefully for reassurance from American public opinion of a harmonious relationship between China and the U.S.

On Feb. 15, Xi once again went on his own to have a dialogue with some senior Democratic and Republican senators at the Capitol. Former Republican presidential candidate John McCain criticized China on issues like human rights and Syria, but Xi resolved the situation by replying, “Senator McCain, your forthrightness is truly well-known all over China!”

This highlight got the attention of the Los Angeles Times and other American media. One of the dialogue’s participants, Republican Sen. Charles Grassley from Iowa, praised Xi for being more "globalized" and "Westernized" than other Chinese leaders who had visited the U.S. recently, describing the dialogue this time as a love-fest.

A Lively and Spontaneous American Tour

Mao Zedong once advocated “playing the piano with ten fingers,” but with regard to Sino-U.S. relations, people play either the tune of “friendly cooperation” or that of “competitive conflict.” Xi Jinping’s visit to Roger and Sarah Lande’s house in the town of Muscatine to catch up on old times and to Los Angeles to catch an NBA basketball game unexpectedly turned what the public believed to be a scripted trip to the U.S. into something lively and spontaneous.

On Feb. 17, in a conversation with a group of American youth who are learning Chinese in Los Angeles, Xi revealed that he likes to read, swim and watch games, and used the title of the American movie "Mission: Impossible" to describe life in general, thus resonating with the America youth.

On Feb. 14, the gun salute that was sounded at the Pentagon to welcome Xi (who is both the second-in-command of the Military Commission of the Communist Party Central Committee and China’s vice president) in the grandest ceremony was also unprecedented. This symbolized that currently what worries the U.S. most are Islam and terror, not China. The American military is on guard against China but does not fear the nation.

The U.S. Navy has deployed two new amphibious assault vessels in the "maritime crossroads" of the Asia-Pacific theater. It is paying close attention to the fact that, with China having the world’s largest shipyard since 2010, it has been able to manufacture type 071 amphibious landing ships that are larger than aircraft carrier ships and could carry helicopters, armored vehicles, hovercrafts and 800 soldiers for peacetime tactical deployments.

With regard to the principles promoted by the American military officials — of "respect, mutual trust, reciprocity and mutual benefit" between the Chinese and American military — Xi pointed out that the two forces have more and more intersecting interests in non-traditional security areas such as anti-terrorism, nonproliferation, anti-piracy, humanitarian aid and disaster mitigation. He stressed that the military departments must "serve to build the overall Sino-U.S. cooperative partnership."

On Feb. 14, at the welcome lunch hosted by Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, Xi used lyrics from the theme song of the Chinese television drama “Journey to the West” during his address: “May I ask where the path is? It is where you take your first step.” It brought out the fact that China and the U.S. “have the wisdom, ability and means to maintain and develop their cooperative partnership. … We’ll set an unprecedented and inspiring example for countries with different political systems, histories, cultures and levels of economic development to cultivate positive and cooperative relations.”

President Obama, undeterred by gossip, received Xi at the White House on Valentine’s Day and had some "private conversations" with him (but also said publicly that “it is absolutely vital that we have [a] strong relationship with China”). The welcome lunch that Hilary Clinton hosted on that day was also filled with the air of Valentine’s Day. Not only had she dressed up like a Chinese bride, she also said in a warm welcome speech, “[Y]ou're here on what we call Valentine's Day, which is a time that is for love but also friendship.” At the same time, she allowed Vice President Joe Biden to say some negative words during his official welcome speech. The purpose of this was to avoid letting the opposition accuse the government of being "too soft."

In a speech he had written at the airport when he arrived in the U.S., Xi said that while China and the U.S. cannot be lovers, they could still be partners. In fact, besides the mutual show of excessive attention on Valentine’s Day, this "lover" of the U.S. cannot help but also blow hot and cold, showering “I love you's” during normal times but screaming “I hate you” during fights.

If Xi wanted to pay a return visit to Biden’s visit to China last year in the capacity of vice president, he had to do it during this U.S. presidential election year (he will no longer be vice president next year). It was unavoidable that China would once again be used as a whipping boy during a U.S. election year. Xi had predicted this, and during a dinner with senior members of the Democratic and Republican parties on Feb. 13, he expressed hope that the American politicians’ campaign speeches would not cause regrettable damage to the Sino-U.S. relationship.

A report in the Los Angeles Times said that in a public poll in December last year, 63 percent of Americans thought that China is friendly, but it is not necessarily an ally. Thirteen percent thought that China is an ally, and only 17 percent thought that China is not friendly. Stephen Orlins, president of the National Committee on United States-China Relations, summarized Xi’s visit to the U.S., saying “[t]hat China cannot prosper without a prosperous United States, and the United States can’t prosper without a prosperous China.” This is a successful accomplishment indeed!


*Editor’s note: The Strategic Security Dialogue and consultation on the Asia Pacific were established in the May 2011 Strategic and Economic Dialogue.


毛泽东曾经提倡“十个手指弹钢琴”,但人们一碰到中美关系,弹的不是“友好合作”那个调,就是“竞争冲突”那个调。这次习近平却到马斯卡廷小镇居民兰迪夫妇家去叙旧聊天,到洛杉矶去看NBA篮球比赛,使得他的被公众认为是“有脚本的拍片式访问”(scripted trip)的美国之行变得意想不到的生动活泼。

习近平4天多的美国之行使我们想起唐诗“东西生日月,昼夜如转珠”(袁稹《苦雨》)的深刻意义。“东西…”句描绘世界之大,人们之间总会有很远距离,但人类却共同创造日月星辰的光辉灿烂。

以文化、知识、智慧而论,中国是世界上从远古到近代最丰盛的,而美国则是现代最丰盛的国度。习近平这是第5次访美(当学生时去过,1980年当过耿飚率领的军事代表团随员),熟悉美国、并有美国人轻松、爽快与幽默的情调。

美国以世界秩序金字塔中登峰造极的“维持原状强国”(status quo power)自居,过去视中国为“改变世界强国”(revisionist power)而反感,近年来逐渐把中国当作“维持原状强国”而接纳她为“假定的国际群体”(putative international community)成员,要求她多负责任,并给以“负责任的利益攸关者”的命名。

强调中美同舟共济共克时艰 

中美每年举行一次“战略与经济对话”,又在其下设立“战略安全对话”平台,去年6月更开始“中美亚太事务磋商”。在这些对话中,戴秉国、王歧山等老将把美国也推到“负责任的利益攸关者”位置上,习近平在此次访问中抓住这一要害,他笑容满面为中国接“负责任”的球,又把球踢到美国场内。

15日在美国友好团体欢迎午宴上,习近平作《共创中美合作伙伴关系的美好明天》演讲,举出许多数字,例如中美建交33年来,双边贸易额增长180多倍,2012年有望突破5000亿美元;美国对华出口10年来增长468%,中国已经成为增长最快的美国出口市场,这些都是事实胜于雄辩,使“中国威胁”论无处藏身。

他重提“促进中美贸易投资一揽子合作倡议”,强调“同舟共济、共克时艰”。次日共和党总统角逐人罗姆尼在《华盛顿邮报》撰文大唱制裁中国,该报记者鲁宾逊(Eugene Robinson)评论说:“中国发展有明确的方向而美国没有”,他根据自己不久前访华观察,中国密切关注美国朝野对华态度,对竞选反华叫嚣已经习以为常,却细心从美国言论中寻找中美和谐相处的“加倍保证”(reassurance)。

2月15日习近平又“单刀赴会”,到国会大厦去和民主、共和两党一些资深参议员对话。上届共和党总统候选人麦凯恩就人权与叙利亚等问题批评中国,习近平化凶为吉地回答说:“麦凯恩参议员,你的直率在中国可是家喻户晓的呀!”

这一花絮受到《洛杉矶时报》及其他美国媒体重视,参加对话的来自艾奥瓦州的共和党参议员格拉斯里(Charles Grassley)称赞习近平比其他最近访美的中国领袖“更全球化”、“更西方化”,还形容这次对话是“爱的节庆”(love-fest)。

毛泽东曾经提倡“十个手指弹钢琴”,但人们一碰到中美关系,弹的不是“友好合作”那个调,就是“竞争冲突”那个调。这次习近平却到马斯卡廷小镇居民兰迪夫妇家去叙旧聊天,到洛杉矶去看NBA篮球比赛,使得他的被公众认为是“有脚本的拍片式访问”(scripted trip)的美国之行变得意想不到的生动活泼。

2月17日习近平在洛杉矶和一群学习中文的美国青年谈话,透露了自己喜欢阅读、游泳、观看球赛,并且借用美国电影名字“Mission: Impossible”(无法完成的任务)来形容人生,使美国青年和他产生共鸣。

2月14日下午五角大楼鸣放礼炮,以最隆重仪式迎接习近平这位身兼军委第二把手的副主席也是史无前例,象征着当前最令美国神经紧张的符号是“伊斯兰”(Islam)与“恐怖”(terror)而不是中国,美国军方对中国态度是防而不惧。

已在亚太战区的“海上十字路口”部署新型两栖攻击舰的美国海军正密切注视从2010年起, 就是全球最大的中国已能制造像071型两栖登陆舰那样可载直升机、装甲车、气垫船及800军人的、和平时期战术作用大于航空母舰的大型舰艇。

习近平对美国将领宣扬中美两军之间“尊重、互信、对等、互惠”的原则,指出两军在反恐、防扩散、反海盗、人道主义救援减灾等非传统安全领域有着越来越多的利益交汇点,强调军事部门必须“服务于建设中美合作伙伴关系大局”。

2月14日习近平在国务卿希拉莉安排的欢迎午宴上致辞时引了中国电视剧《西游记》主题歌词“敢问路在何方,路在脚下”,说出中美双方“完全有智慧、有能力、有办法”发展合作伙伴关系,“为不同政治制度、历史文化背景和经济发展水平的国家建设积极合作关系树立前无古人、后启来者的典范”。

奥巴马不怕流言蜚语于“情人节”在白宫接见习近平,说些不公开的“悄悄话”(也公开说了“有绝对必要与中国保持强劲关系”)。希拉莉使当天的接风午宴“情人节”气氛浓厚,她不但打扮得像中国式新娘,又用温馨的欢迎词说出:“你在情人节来到我们这儿,这是爱与友谊的时刻”。与此同时,她又让副总统拜登在正式欢迎词中多说些难听的话,目的是避免反对党责备政府对华“太软”。

习近平抵美在机场的书面讲话表示:中美做不了情侣,做合作伙伴总是可以的。其实美国的“情侣”除了“情人节”互献殷勤无以复加以外,也免不了时冷时热,平常“我爱你”不绝于口,吵起架来就大喊“我恨你”(I hate you)。

习近平要以副主席身份回访去年拜登访华就非得在今年美国大选年不可(明年他就不再是副主席了),美国竞选年拿中国当“whipping boy”(代王子挨鞭的伴读郎)又是免不了的。习近平也预见到这点,他在2月13日与民主、共和两党政界元老晚宴时就表示,希望美国政治家竞选演说不会造成损害中美关系的令人遗憾后果。


《洛杉矶时报》一篇报道说去年12月的民意调查:63%的美国人认为中国是友好的,但不一定是盟国,13%认为中国是盟国,只有17%认为中国不友好。美中关系全国协会主席奥尔林斯(Stephen Orlins)总结习近平访美说:“没有繁荣的美国,中国就不会繁荣;没有繁荣的中国,美国就不会繁荣”,这真是功德圆满了!
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