The US Election Campaign: Obama’s Journey to Re-election Isn’t a Smooth Ride

Published in Opinion China
(China) on 8 May 2012
by Guang Wen Chen (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Lanlan Jin. Edited by Adam Talkington.
With the Republican Party’s announcement of their final presidential nominee and only a six-month countdown to Election Day 2012, current U.S. president and Democratic incumbent Barack Obama finally launched his re-election campaign on May 5. His first two election rallies were in Ohio and Virginia, two must-win swing states. These two rallies officially mark Obama’s intention to preserve his seat in the White House, so his decision to designate the rallies at state universities was not without careful deliberation.

Showered in the enthusiastic cheers of his supporters, Obama recounted in his speech his “political achievements” as president, including stimulating economic recovery, the Medicare bill, the withdrawal of overseas troops, the assassination of al-Qaida leader Osama Bin Laden and more. He emphasized that, when he was elected over three years ago, he inherited an economically downtrodden America with high unemployment rates, but in the span of three years, the government has “made progress” with its commitment to alleviate unemployment, and must therefore keep “moving forward” to ensure the growth of job opportunities, as well as to preserve the equality and rights of the working middle-class. He stressed that America is making a comeback; yet in reality, Obama, who is finishing up his first term as president, has few achievements to boast about.

On the diplomatic front, he can only point to the completion of the “Bin Laden assassination," which is a questionable bargaining chip for his re-election. Clearly, voters will not only demand a political party capable of handling a few terrorist organizations. When judging Obama’s first term political achievements, many have expressed their disappointment. After all, American influence in the Middle East has diminished dramatically; moreover, the Obama administration has appeared inadequate when it comes to problems regarding Iran and Syria. In terms of domestic economy, a subject of utmost concern to this election’s voters, Obama has the short end of the stick. While he has made some accomplishments with economic governance during his time at the White House, the pace of U.S.’ economic recovery is still all too sluggish. Even though GDP indicators hint at the U.S. overcoming its recession, opinion polls indicate that more than 68 percent of Americans feel that their country is still in the throes of a recession, with more than half of Americans believing that their economic situation will not improve within the next 12 months. For the average voter, a revitalized economy appears little more than a distant dream.

For the reasons just listed, Obama’s journey to his second-term in office will be a difficult one. It is obvious that voters are hoping Obama will do more than lead America on a hunt for terrorist leaders, or head a party to slay Somali pirates. From the diplomatic perspective, they wish America could fulfill its role as a world Super Police. Obama’s performance has been more or less a let-down in the eyes of the public: America has only hidden behind the curtains on the issue of strategic retreat from Iraq and Afghanistan, as well as in the Libyan conflict, and it has also failed to deal with problems with Iran and Syria in response to pressure from Russia and China. These facts have led the public to feel that Obama is shaping the U.S. decline in the international arena.

Faced with these conundrums, the U.S. government is currently using the media to promote news on Osama Bin Laden’s death and the retrial of 9/11 suspects, as if Obama will use these anti-terrorism qualifications as a ticket to his second term, even though it seems that the public does not regard these efforts as “achievements.” From Tunisia to Egypt, Libya, and finally to Syria, Iran and even North Korea, Obama’s policies tend to fall flat and lack the strong stances that Americans are used to, which will perhaps make many Americans lose interest in Obama.

For Obama, this race is unlike the one that he dealt with previously, for marketing his accomplishments to the voters will be the biggest challenge. The opposing party is going to target Obama’s political history to their own advantage, and Romney can easily use it to gain an upper hand. For instance, Obama showed demonstrably poor leadership over the problem of the Syrian no-fly zone, appeared incompetent with issues regarding Iran, showed cowardice with regard to North Korea, and made many missteps with his health care and economic policies. How Obama will convince voters that he can keep up with his promise of change remains to be seen. The most important issue on the plate is still economic recovery – the unemployment rate hovers around 8 percent, and the pace of economic recovery is an anemic one.

Analysts believe that Obama’s roadblocks to re-election are polarized demographics, the high unemployment rate and a slow comeback from the recession. Under his leadership, and through a number of corrective measures, the economy has revitalized some, but not enough. Thus, the status of the economic recovery and job market performance in the next six months will pose major challenges to Obama’s re-election. Romney’s repeated success en route to becoming the Republican nominee will also emit a strong threat to Obama’s second term. Republicans have unceremoniously attacked Obama, claiming that he is “young and inexperienced,” and adding that Americans have grown tired of his “rhetoric.”

Many media polls indicate that the gap between Obama and Romney is shrinking, with both candidates sharing equal voter support. Although Romney is still far behind in his campaign finances, Romney’s strongly supportive political action committee holds noticeable capital-accruing power, which Democrats have openly criticized. At the same time, Republicans are accusing Obama of using governmental occasions as platforms for his re-election, politicizing the death of bin Laden, for example. We can expect that in the next six months, the two parties will continue their attacks on each other as they vie for voter allegiance, and that economic issues will be the primary focus. The biggest variable lies in whether or not Obama can artfully use every remaining opportunity to demonstrate his superiority by, for instance, declaring war on Iran and Syria, or other measures that aim to gather popular support during critical turning points.

As for Obama’s opponent, Romney, his strongest suit is the economy. Thus, should Obama fail to come up with substantive initiatives to uplift the U.S. economy within the next six months, Romney may take the White House seat. While the economy is unequivocally the key to victory, outside of the word game, Obama can do little more than pray for a healthy U.S. economy. The November general election is dawning in less than 200 days, and Obama’s victory will depend on U.S. economic development. Should timely and significant economic improvements occur, Obama’s re-election will not be without hope; however, if voters are out of a job at the time of the election, then I fear Obama might have to start thinking about what kind of job he will find next year.


美选战开锣奥巴马连任之路并非坦途

就在美国总统选举共和党提名候选人刚刚水落石出之际,距离美国总统选举投票日还有半年之时,美国现任总统、民主党总统提名候选人奥巴马5日正式启动其争取连任的竞选之路。他先后在俄亥俄州和弗吉尼亚州两个重要的“摇摆州”举行了两场正式竞选集会。这两场集会意义重大,是奥巴马正式打响白宫保卫战的标志,将这样重要的活动放在大学校园里显然是经过精心考量的。

在支持者热烈地呼应中,奥巴马在演讲中回顾了自己执政三年多来取得的多项“政绩”,包括刺激经济复苏举措、医保法案、从海外撤军以及一年前下令刺杀“基地”组织领导人本·拉丹等。他特别强调刚就任总统时所面对的美国经济低迷、失业率高等,但过去三年多来其政府致力于缓解失业并“正在取得一定进展”,还须“继续前进”以确保美国就业形势改善、保障中产阶级公平权益等。他特别强调说:美国正在重振旗鼓。
即将结束美国总统第一任期的奥巴马,其实并没有多少可以炫耀的资本。在外交政绩上,他似乎能值得吹嘘的只是完成了“猎杀本拉登”行动。这是否能成为他连任的筹码呢?显然,美国选民对未来执政党要求不仅只是取缔某个恐怖主义组织而已,在衡量奥巴马第一任政绩时,很多美国民众已经感到了颇为失望。毕竟现在美国的政治影响,在中东已经萎缩得很厉害了,而且在处理伊朗和叙利亚问题上,奥巴马政府也是显得有些力不从心。在国内经济上,这也是这次选举中美国选民最关心的一件事,而这恰恰是奥巴马的短板。在入主白宫三年多时间里,尽管其在治理经济上有些作为,但美国经济复苏的步伐似乎仍然过于缓慢。虽然GDP指标显示美国经济已经有走出衰退的迹象,但是民调显示有高达68%的美国人感觉经济仍处于衰退状态,有超过半数的美国人认为自己的经济情况在未来12个月不会好转。对于普通选民来讲,美国经济复苏的春天似乎仍然遥不可及。
基于以上因素,预计奥巴马的这次连任之路将会走得非常艰难。从外交角度上讲,美国选民显然希望奥巴马领导的美国所做的不仅只是猎杀某个恐怖主义组织头目,或是追杀索马里海盗,他们希望美国可以继续当好世界超级警察。不得不承认,奥巴马上台后这些年美国的表现或多或少让选民失望了:伊拉克和阿富汗策略性撤退、对利比亚的打击美国只能躲在幕后、对伊朗和叙利亚问题慑于俄罗斯和中国的反对没有坚决开战,这些事实使美国选民不时感到奥巴马在促使美国国际地位逐步下降。
面对上述不利局面,现在美国政府开始连续炒作本·拉登之死与重提“9.11”嫌疑人受审,似乎奥巴马要凭借这些反恐资历以求连任,但是这些“成绩”似乎并不被美国人认可。从突尼斯到埃及,再到利比亚,最后是现在的叙利亚、伊朗甚至朝鲜,奥巴马的所有政策均显迟钝,一点也没有美国人期望和习惯了的强势姿态,这或许会令很多美国人失去对奥巴马的兴趣。
特别是作为奥巴马来说,其连任竞选与首次竞选不同,向选民推销自己的政绩正是奥巴马最大的挑战之一。但是,政绩也将是奥巴马竞争对手的靶子,共和党提名候选人罗姆尼可以很容易地抓住他的小辫子。比如,奥巴马在诸如设立叙利亚禁飞区这样的问题上领导无方,在伊朗问题上表现无能,在朝鲜问题上已显胆怯,在国内医疗改革和经济政策方面错误百出。奥巴马究竟将如何说服选民,表明自己已实现他所承诺的变革,仍有待观察。但最关键的还是经济问题,美国失业率仍达8.1%,居高不下,经济复苏乏力。”
分析认为,奥巴马的连任竞选面临社会两极分化以及失业率居高不下和经济增长缓慢的困境。在他的领导以及多项整改措施之下,美国经济虽有起色但仍显不足,今年下半年美国经济复苏势头和就业市场的表现将是奥巴马竞选连任的重大挑战。面对美国共和党总统提名侯选人罗姆尼的一路过关斩将,可谓对奥巴马连任构成强大威胁。共和党人毫不客气地抨击奥巴马,认为奥巴马“资历尚浅,没经过历练”,并称美国选民已经厌倦奥巴马的“夸夸其谈”。
很多媒体所做的最新民调显示,罗姆尼与奥巴马之间的差距正在逐渐缩小,两人的支持率基本平分秋色。虽然罗姆尼在竞选资金上依然落后很多,但是支持罗姆尼的超级政治行动委员会强大的敛财本领也不容小觑,民主党对此非议很多。同时共和党也指责奥巴马公器私用,利用政务场合行竞选连任之事,比如将击毙本·拉登一事政治化等。可以预计,在未来的半年里,双方还会不断开辟新的战场相互攻击以争取选民,而经济议题仍将会成为重中之重。但最大的变数在于,作为美国现任总统的奥巴马,可以利用一切机会为自己加分,比如可以选择对伊朗、叙利亚开战等措施,以便在关键时刻集聚人气。
而对于奥巴马的对手、共和党总统提名人罗姆尼来说,其最大的强项就是经济,因此,在接下来的半年多时间里,如果奥巴马在推动经济改善上没有实质性的举措,那么,罗姆尼就或许会因此入主白宫。所以明知经济是胜选的关键,但是除了同罗姆尼在嘴上交锋之外,奥巴马只能祈祷美国经济快点好转了。目前距离11月大选投票不足200天。奥巴马能否连任,很大程度上取决于未来6个月美国经济的发展情况。如果经济能够及时大幅好转,那么奥巴马连任有望;但如果在正式投票选举前还有很多选民没有找到工作,那么奥巴马恐怕也许要考虑自己明年该找份什么样的工作了。
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