American Documents Discussing Futenma Base Reveal an Unforgivable Degree of Negligence

Published in Ryūkyū Shimpō
(Japan) on 18 October 2014
by (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Thomas S. Evans. Edited by Emily France.
The U.S. military has acknowledged that it recognized dangers inherent in Marine Corps Air Station Futenma not long after its construction. Ignoring those dangers and forcing local residents to suffer aircraft noise pollution — among a host of other grievances — together constitute a clear violation of human rights.

Recently declassified American documents show that, before handing it over to the Marines in 1947, the United States Army Ryūkyū Islands headquarters requested that the air division (today’s Air Force) show restraint in its use of the Futenma airfield. At the time, the airfield was not in use, and headquarters cautioned that putting it into operation would result in “dangerous and discomforting levels of noise.”*

Secretary of Defense Rumsfeld visited in 2003 and declared Futenma “the world’s most dangerous base.” The fact that the U.S. military had already recognized the danger and noise pollution issues at Futenma 56 years ago is no laughing matter. The inaction on the part of both the U.S. and Japanese governments to rectify this 70-year-long exposure of citizens to needless risks must be thoroughly investigated.

The documents reveal a double standard in the U.S. military, showing the prioritization of base activities and soldier safety while disregarding the livelihood of locals. They describe the high aircraft accident risk in the area below the northern approach flight path, and forbid the construction of army-related facilities there.

In spite of this, the U.S. military returned a part of that same land to citizens by designating a portion of it and its adjacent areas a residential zone. As a result, it is now a housing district, home to the Second Futenma Elementary School. Returning land as residential zoning with no consideration for the safety of the people who reside there in this fashion has resulted in the development of a harsh urban environment, in which inhabitants must live side-by-side with the threat of aircraft crashes and the pain of the ever-present roar of jet engines.

In the debate surrounding Futenma, a common argument claims, "the U.S. military built a runway in the middle of nowhere, and people simply came and settled nearby seeking to profit off the base." These recent documents make it clear that nothing could be further from the truth.

Fumihiko Shimizu — a local historian working in the town of Onna in Okinawa, who studied the archives along with Dr. Hirofumi Hayashi of Kantō Gakuin University — pointed out, “it’s an important discovery that the inhabitants didn’t move into the banned zone by their own free will, but rather it was a situation where they had no choice but to live there based on the U.S. army’s instructions.” This revelation gets to the heart of the issues at Futenma.

The risks of the airfield at Futenma were recognized within two short years of our defeat in WWII. Any further neglect of the situation is intolerable. It is the moral obligation of the governments of both the U.S. and Japan to shut down the airfield immediately.

* Editor's note: The original quotation, accurately translated, could not be verified.


<社説>普天間米公文書 危険性放置は許されぬ

 普天間飛行場は建設直後から危険な飛行場であることを、米軍は認識していた。その危険性を放置したまま航空機騒音をはじめとする基地被害を県民に強いてきた行為は明白な人権侵害だといえる。
 琉球米陸軍司令部が1947年、海兵隊移管前で休止状態にあった普天間飛行場について、稼働すれば「危険と不快な騒音」が生じるとして、陸軍の航空部門(現空軍)による使用を控えるよう求めていたことが米公文書で分かった。基地拡張予定地への影響を懸念してのものだ。
 ラムズフェルド米国防長官が2003年に来県し、普天間飛行場を「世界で一番危険な米軍施設」と発言している。その56年も前に米軍が普天間の危険性や騒音問題を認めていた事実は重い。約70年も県民を生命の危険にさらし続ける日米両政府の不作為は厳しく追及されなければならない。
 基地の運用や米兵の安全を優先し、県民の生命を軽視する米軍の「二重基準」の存在も公文書で明らかになった。米軍は航空機の進入路下にある飛行場北側の区画について、事故の危険性を示唆し、軍関係施設の建築を禁止するよう説明している。
 ところが米軍はこの区画の一部や隣接地を住民の居住地区に指定し、返還した。結果としてこの区画は現在、市民の住宅地となり、普天間第二小学校も建っている。住民の安全を抜きにした居住地区指定に基づく基地返還によって、米軍機墜落の危険と隣り合わせで住民が暮らし、爆音被害を受け続けるという過酷な市街地が形成されたといえる。
 普天間飛行場をめぐっては「何もない原野に米軍が滑走路を建設し、基地収入を求めて周りに住民が住み着いた」という主張が一部にある。それが全く事実に反していることも今回の公文書は明らかにした。
 林博史関東学院大教授と共に公文書を研究する恩納村・村誌編さん室の清水史彦氏は「住民が自ら米軍施設建築禁止区画に住んだのではなく、米軍の指示で住まざるを得ない状況だったことが分かったのも重要な発見だ」と指摘している。普天間問題の源流を突くものだ。
 敗戦からわずか2年の時点で認識されていた普天間飛行場の危険性をこれ以上放置することは、もはや許されない。日米両政府は直ちに飛行場を閉鎖すべきである。
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