Why Snowden’s New Leaks Have Grown Stale

Published in Beijing Times
(China) on 22 February 2015
by Xu Lifan (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Nathan Hsu. Edited by Laurence Bouvard.
As if concerned that people will forget about the dangers of the age we live in, Edward Snowden, formerly an employee of a U.S. defense contractor, likes to stoke the fire every so often and keep the mill turning. One of his new revelations alleges that U.S. and U.K. intelligence agencies hacked the internal systems of computer chip manufacturing giant Gemalto to obtain cell phone encryption keys. This would allow them to tap several billion cell phones across 85 countries, including China.

Gemalto's statement regarding Snowden's information was that the firm was unaware of any such occurrence and that it would investigate further before undertaking remedial action. This was an appropriate response, both respecting the credibility of the Snowden leaks and also forestalling any suspicion that the company collaborated with U.S. and U.K. intelligence agencies. Gemalto is as much a potential victim as cell phone users around the globe.

However, apart from Gemalto, Snowden's revelation has not elicited much of a response. It seemingly would stand to reason that the tapping of several billion cell phones would make all the world's cell phone users victims, and should therefore spark a huge public outcry. So why are people being so uncharacteristically calm?

Is it that they have grown sufficiently accustomed to the dangers of the mobile era?

People have come to understand that ubiquitous cloud technology can compromise privacy, and that even cell phone payments may contain vulnerabilities. State officials from Germany, France and other countries have been victims of wiretapping. These facts combined form an approximate picture of security in the mobile information age, and most have come to realize that while cell phones are insecure, they can most often be used without incident. The strength of this general impression has quietly softened the impact of Snowden's leaks and made them into just another summary of the mobile era, with little of the “freshness” of before.

Moreover, despite the number of people potentially affected, compared with Snowden's past leaks, U.S. and U.K. intelligence agencies stealing cellular encryption keys will likely rouse less political opposition. While every cell phone user may be a victim, putting them all at odds with said intelligence agencies, who will represent those users in stepping forward to champion their rights to privacy? Legally, there is no international treaty that addresses wiretapping, and we cannot pass judgment as to what monitoring is reasonable and what is not. Even if we could make such a ruling, we would be unable to find a suitable and universally acceptable representative to interact with U.S. and U.K. intelligence. This is one of the unique characteristics of the mobile era: There is energy in abundance, but no way of setting suitable boundaries that we can all respect.

It should also be noted that although the information from Snowden fits in nicely with what people already know and imagine, further evidence supporting the accusation will be difficult to procure. Difficult, that is, unless a second Snowden emerges from one of the intelligence agencies involved in the tapping scheme. However, even if such a figure appears, the question remains: Who will verify the information? The truth is that within Snowden's leaks, the provable and unprovable is always intermixed. The most recent "shocking secret" attributed to Snowden, for example, is that the U.S. government is a puppet dancing to unseen strings held by unseen aliens. Such statements only increase the controversy surrounding Snowden.

But despite the fact that Snowden's various earth-shattering leaks cannot be proven, and may even contain false information, one thing is true: The mobile information age has not increased security guarantees for individual privacy, but rather, [have done] the opposite. Concrete specifics aside, from this perspective, Snowden's new leaks taken as commentary contain truth enough.


即使斯诺登的各种惊天爆料无法验证,甚至其中可能包含了假信息,有一点却是真的:移动信息时代没有提高个人隐私的安全保证,而是引发了更多的不安。

仿佛担心人们遗忘这个时代的危险,每隔一段时间,美国前防务承包商雇员斯诺登就会爆出新猛料。最新爆料是,美国和英国情报部门用黑客手段侵入芯片制造巨头金雅拓的内部系统,盗取手机加密密钥,此举可以秘密监听包括中国在内的85个国家的数十亿部手机。

对于斯诺登的曝光,金雅拓公司表示,公司完全不知情,需要弄清事情是如何发生的,才能补救。这是一个恰当的回应:既表明了对斯诺登爆料权威性的适当尊重,又阻止了公司与美英情报部门合作的猜疑。金雅拓公司与全球手机用户一样,都是潜在受害者。

不过,除了金雅拓公司,人们对斯诺登的新爆料反应寥寥。按理说,数十亿部手机被监听意味着全球手机用户都是潜在的受害者,这足以造成巨大的舆论漩涡。为什么会出现这种不正常的静默现象?

或许是人们对于移动时代的危险性已经有了足够的适应力。

此前人们已经了解到,欣欣向荣的云技术有隐私漏洞,手机支付过程也可能有漏洞,德法等国政要曾经是手机监听的受害者。这些信息叠加起来,已经勾勒出了一幅移动信息时代的安全边际概貌,让人们意识到,手机是不安全的,但通常没事。已经固化的这种普遍印象,无形中降解了斯诺登新爆料的威力,让它变成了一份移动时代的总结报告,而不再具有新鲜感。

此外,与斯诺登此前的爆料相比,美英情报部门盗取手机加密密钥,尽管其监听覆盖范围骇人听闻,但可能引发的政治对抗性小了很多。每个手机用户都可能是受害者,形成的是所有手机用户与美英情报部门的对抗局面,但是谁代表所有手机用户出面申张隐私权?在法理层面,没有关于手机监听法理性的国际公约,我们不能判定哪些监听是合理的,哪些不是。即使能够判断,也选不出共同认定的合适代表与美英情报部门交涉。这正是移动时代的特征之一:它充满活力,但无法设定能够共同遵守的恰当边界。

还要看到,斯诺登的新爆料尽管与人们的常识和想象吻合,却无法求证。除非美英情报部门在这个监听项目上出现第二个斯诺登。不过,即便又出现了一个斯诺登,也同样存在谁来验证的问题。实际上,在斯诺登的曝光信息中,总是混杂着可以验证和无法验证的各种信息。斯诺登最近曝出的一个“惊天秘密”是,美国政府是已经被外星人控制的傀儡政府。这进一步增加了围绕斯诺登的争议。

不过,即使斯诺登的各种惊天爆料无法验证,甚至其中可能包含了假信息,有一点却是真的:移动信息时代没有提高个人隐私的安全保证,而是引发了更多的不安。抛开具体内容而从这个角度看,斯诺登的新爆料是一个真实的注解。
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