US-China Conference: Costing the Peace of This Century

Published in Chunichi Shimbun
(Japan) on 25 September 2015
by (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Stephanie Chiu. Edited by Gillian Palmer.
President Obama held a conference with China’s President Xi Jinping, who was visiting America. China showed its opposition with regard to national security, while also raising the importance of its economy. Both countries must aim for world stability, and step onto the path to peaceful coexistence.

This is President Xi's first visit to America as the leader of China. The last time the heads of state talked was November of last year.

Unresolved problems have abounded since then. America criticized the Chinese government for supporting cyberattacks against government agencies and businesses. China is growing ever wary, as shown by its reclamation of reefs in the South China Sea. The gap in their positions on human rights issues is incredibly huge.

China is noticeable for its provocative attitude and show of force. For its 2015 China Victory Day Parade, a military parade celebrating the 70th anniversary of Victory over Japan Day at the end of World War II, it placed on exhibit intercontinental ballistic missiles that have a range spanning almost the entire length of America. In the middle of this month, a Chinese aircraft flew abnormally close to an American spy plane over the Yellow Sea.

After arriving in America, Xi declared that "the citizens of both countries are hoping to achieve 'a new model of major country relationship.'" He cited this as the reason for his visit, and definitely projected a sense of rivalry toward America.

In America, the "Chinese Threat" has only intensified.

The friction doesn't stop at just America and China. America is a member of the Group of 7, a group of seven leading industrial nations that expelled Russia from their midst. In response, China joined with Russia and is working on forming new frameworks such as BRICS, a rising five-country group, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.* Even international orders are split along the U.S.-China axis.

On one hand, America's economic dependence on China has been increasing. Xi held a conference with senior executives of Apple and other American and Chinese corporations. Chinese aircraft leasing companies agreed to purchase 300 planes from the American company Boeing. With the devaluation of the Chinese yuan in August and the resulting stock market crash, America, as well as the world economy as a whole, sustained a huge shock.

Antagonism toward China cannot only amass by force, like in the Cold War. I would like for America to avoid conflict with China, and instead, busy itself with finding policies that allow coexistence.

In June 2013, the leaders of both countries held an eight-hour conference, and agreed to create "a new model of major country relationship." In a conference held in November of last year, they made a joint announcement marking their new initiative to limit greenhouse gas emissions, and showing their cooperation with one another.

Before the summit meeting, Xi emphasized that in order for the two countries to avoid conflict, "we must read each other's strategic intentions correctly."

I hope that this summit meeting will allow America and China to deepen communication of their purposes, provide a thorough explanation of their mutual intent, and prove to be a good opportunity for them to come to an understanding.

*Editor’s note: BRICS is the acronym for an association of five major emerging national economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization is an international alliance founded in 2001 by six member states (China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan).


米中首脳会談 今世紀の安定がかかる

 オバマ米大統領が、訪米した中国の習近平国家主席と会談する。安全保障などで対立を見せつつも、経済的な重要性を増す中国。両大国は世界の安定に向け、平和共存の道を採らねばならない。

 習主席にとっては国賓としての初の公式訪米。両首脳の会談は昨年十一月以来となる。

 懸案はめじろ押しだ。米国は政府機関や企業へのサイバー(電脳)攻撃を中国政府が支援していると批判。中国による南シナ海岩礁埋め立てなどに警戒感を強める。人権問題での隔たりも大きい。

 中国による示威的、挑発的姿勢も目立っている。「抗日戦争勝利七十年」記念の軍事パレードでは、米国ほぼ全土を射程に収める大陸間弾道ミサイルなどを誇示。今月半ばには黄海上空で、中国機が米偵察機に異常接近した。

 習主席は米到着後の声明で、米中が「『新たな形の大国関係』になることを両国民が望んでいる」と訪米の意図を説明、米国への対抗意識とも映った。

 米国では、「中国脅威論」が強まるばかりだ。

 対立は米中二国間だけにとどまらない。米国はロシアを排除した先進七カ国(G7)で結束。これに対し中国はロシアと組んで新興五カ国(BRICS)や上海協力機構などの新たな枠組みづくりに力を入れる。国際秩序も米中を軸に分断されつつある。

 一方で、経済面では中国への依存度は強まっている。米国入りした習主席はアップルなど米中企業トップらと会談。中国の航空機リース会社は米ボーイング社の航空機三百機を購入することで合意。八月の中国の人民元切り下げ、株価暴落は米国のみならず、世界経済全体に衝撃を広げた。

 冷戦時代のように対立を際立たせるだけでは、対中関係は築けない。中国との衝突を避け、むしろ、取り込んで共存していく方策を探っていきたい。

 二〇一三年六月、両首脳の初の会談は計八時間にわたり、「新たな形の関係」を築くことで合意。昨年十一月の会談では、温室効果ガス排出量削減で新目標を発表し、連携を示した。

 習主席は首脳会談に先立ち、米中の衝突回避のためには「お互いの戦略的意図を正確に判断しなければならない」と強調した。

 今回の首脳会談が、米中両国が意思の疎通を深め、互いの意図を十分説明し、理解し合う好機となることを望みたい。
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