The US Presidential Candidates Should Not Forget Their Responsibility to the World

Published in Nikkei
(Japan) on 28 September 2016
by (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Stephanie Chiu. Edited by Elizabeth Cosgriff.
There has perhaps never been a time that so desperately seeks leadership from the U.S. president until now. After all, the world is growing ever more anxious both geo-politically and economically, while the international situation remains chaotic.

The new president who will assume office next January will need to deeply consider how the relationship between the U.S. and the rest of the world currently stands. The president must be someone who can act responsibly, as the leader of a superpower.

However, there is much unease surrounding this point simply from watching the primary debates held so far. Not even watching the first presidential debate could erase this worry.

On the topic of counter-measures for their domestic economy, Democratic nominee Clinton and Republican nominee Trump have both called for policies that, to some degree, reflect their parties' more traditional thinking. Clinton has emphasized increasing infrastructure investment as well as her concern about low-income earners. Trump has called for stimulation of the economy through policies such as large-scale tax reduction and more deregulation.

The problem lies with Trump who, when asked how he would tackle employment rates and the income divide, has exclusively and consistently attacked former trade policies and foreign countries such as Mexico and China. He has pointed toward the North American Free Trade Agreement and the lax attitude toward China as the culprits that have "stolen their jobs," and also blamed the renegotiations of past free trade agreements.

This idea of building a wall in the U.S. marketplace and improving and expanding employment conflicts with the traditional values of the Republican Party, which respects free trade. Clinton has also stated that "trade is important" and clearly shown that she opposes the Trans-Pacific Partnership, despite having spearheaded it during her time as secretary of state.

Trump has also made it clear that even with the U.S.-Japan Security Treaty, he is keeping his distance from the U.S.'s traditional position of prizing its bonds with its allies. This points to an intent to further burden the countries in NATO as well as Japan and South Korea with the responsibility of defense. Clinton has objected to this, showing that she would definitely protect the alliance with Japan and South Korea and that to her, maintaining trust is important.

Trump's policies on trade and the U.S.-Japan Security Treaty are strongly tinged with protectionism and isolationism, and if enacted, would affect the world in an incredibly negative way. On the other hand, we can assume Clinton will live up to her stressing the importance of their allies such as Japan and South Korea, but if she builds off the Obama administration's policies toward Asia without enacting the TPP, it's difficult to see how she would increase influence there.

It's natural for the new president to concentrate on winning back the trust of voters who are dissatisfied with the current state of the economy and society. However, they must also remember the responsibility they hold toward the stability and prosperity of the world.


米大統領候補は世界への責務を忘れるな

 米国の大統領の指導力が今ほど求められる時代はないかもしれない。世界が地政学的にも経済的にも不安定さを増し、国際情勢が混沌としているからだ。

 来年1月に就任する新大統領は米国と世界との関係のあり方を深く考え、超大国のリーダーとして責任ある行動が取れる人物でなければならない。

 だが、これまでの選挙戦の議論を見る限りでは、その点について大いなる不安がつきまとう。1回目となる大統領候補の討論会でも懸念は払拭できなかった。

 民主党のクリントン候補と共和党のトランプ候補は、国内経済対策については、両党の伝統的な立場をある程度反映した政策を訴えた。クリントン氏はインフラ投資拡大や低所得者への配慮を主張。トランプ氏は大型減税や規制緩和による経済刺激を唱えた。

 問題は、雇用や所得格差への対応を問われたトランプ氏が、もっぱら過去の米国の通商政策やメキシコ、中国など外国に対する攻撃に終始したことだ。北米自由貿易協定(NAFTA)や中国への甘い姿勢によって「雇用が盗まれた」と指摘、過去の自由貿易協定の再交渉などを訴えた。

 米国市場に壁を設けて雇用を維持・拡大する考え方は、自由貿易を尊重してきた共和党の従来の姿勢と相いれない。クリントン氏も「貿易は重要」としつつ、国務長官時代に主導した環太平洋経済連携協定(TPP)に反対する姿勢を明確にした。

 トランプ氏は安全保障政策でも同盟国との絆を重視する米国の伝統的な立場と距離を置く姿勢を鮮明にした。北大西洋条約機構(NATO)加盟諸国や日本、韓国に、防衛義務の対価としての負担増加を求める考えを示した。クリントン氏は、日韓など同盟国を必ず守る姿勢を明確にして信頼を維持することが重要と反論した。

 トランプ氏の通商・安保政策は保護主義、孤立主義的な色彩が強く、実施されれば世界への悪影響は甚大だ。一方、クリントン氏が日韓など同盟国重視を強調したのは評価できるが、オバマ政権のアジア重視政策の柱であるTPP抜きにアジアでの影響力をどう高めようとしているのかは見えない。

 米国の新大統領が経済・社会の現状に不満を持つ有権者の信頼回復を重視するのは当然だが、世界の安定や繁栄にも責任を負っていることを忘れてはならない。
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