Is There a Long-Term Plan for United States and Middle East Policy?

Published in Nikkei
(Japan) on 25 May 2017
by (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Deborah Chapin. Edited by Margaret Dalzell.
The destination of President Trump’s first foreign trip after his inauguration was the Middle East. In Saudi Arabia, he called for unity in clearing out radical Muslims and for strengthening pressure on Iran, and in Israel, showed a desire to implement Middle Eastern peace.

During Obama's presidency, the United States' relations with Saudi Arabia and Israel grew distant. President Trump visited these two countries first and took a clear confrontational stance toward Iran, which means a shift from the Obama era concerning Middle Eastern policy.

United States intervention is necessary for stability in the Middle East. However, a long-term strategy is needed in order to solve the complicated entanglements. A hasty, imbalanced intervention has the capability of widening the cracks in the Middle East instead.

Throughout the presidential campaign, President Trump repeatedly spoke of Islam as the enemy. After his inauguration, he decided to restrict entry into the U.S. from countries in the Middle East and Africa that contained a large number of Muslims, inviting opposition from inside and outside the country.

Mecca, Islam's sacred place, is located in Saudi Arabia. He may have chosen Saudi Arabia as his first destination as an appeal for reconciliation with the Muslim world. Before the heads of Islamic countries in Saudi Arabia, President Trump proposed a new security framework for dealing with Islamic extremists. The participation of Islamic countries in the fight against spreading radical Islamic terror is essential. Value can be seen in this point of view. However, there is also a problem.

President Trump emphasized isolating Iran and blocking terrorist funds. Those who were invited to the president's speech were countries where the Sunni division of Islam represent the majority. If the goal of the security measures is to ally with the Sunni sect against Iran's Shia sect, then that may agitate the sectarian divisions in the Muslim world.

President Trump met with both Benjamin Netanyahu, Israel's prime minister, and Mahmoud Abbas, president of self-governing Palestine, and expressed a desire to mediate for peace in the Middle East. The Palestine problem is at the core of the unstable state of the Middle East. While struggling to mediate, successive presidents of the United States have faced repeated setbacks. I would like to be hopeful about the president's enthusiasm.

However, this visit did not indicate any concrete plans or instruction for peace. Trump is considered to be on Israel's side. He also gives the impression that he does not mind the current peace arrangements whereby the independent state of Palestine coexists with Israel. What is important is the viewpoint of an impartial mediator. I would like to see a proper effort made in support of this.


トランプ米大統領の就任後初めての外遊先は中東だった。サウジアラビアではイスラム過激派の掃討への結束とイランに対する圧力強化を訴え、イスラエルでは中東和平の実現に意欲を示した。
 サウジとイスラエルはオバマ政権の時代に米国との関係が冷え込んだ。トランプ大統領が最初にこの2国を訪れ、イランとの対決姿勢を明確にしたことは、オバマ政権時代からの中東政策の転換を意味している。
 中東の安定に米国の関与は必要だ。ただし、複雑に絡み合う問題の解決には長期的な戦略が求められる。バランスを欠く性急な介入は、かえって中東の亀裂を広げることになりかねない。
 トランプ大統領は選挙運動の期間中イスラム教を敵視する発言を繰り返した。就任後には、イスラム教徒の多い中東・アフリカ諸国からの入国制限措置を決め、国内外で反発を招いた。
 サウジにはイスラム教の聖地メッカがある。最初の訪問先として選んだのはイスラム世界との和解を訴える狙いがあるのだろう。
 トランプ大統領はサウジで、イスラム諸国の首脳らを前に、イスラム過激派への対処を目的とする新たな安全保障協力の枠組みを提唱した。拡散するイスラム過激派のテロに立ち向かうにはイスラム諸国の関与が不可欠で、視点は評価できる。ただ、問題もある。
 トランプ大統領は「イランを孤立させ、テロ資金を遮断する」と強調した。大統領の演説に招かれたのはイスラム教スンニ派の国々だ。シーア派のイランと対峙するスンニ派連合の結成が安保協力の狙いだとすれば、宗派対立をあおりイスラム世界の分断を加速することになりかねない。
 トランプ大統領はイスラエルのネタニヤフ首相とパレスチナ自治政府のアッバス議長にそれぞれ会い、中東和平の仲介に意欲を示した。パレスチナ問題は不安定な中東情勢の核心にある。歴代の米政権が仲介に取り組みながら挫折を繰り返してきた。大統領の意気込みに期待したい。
 だが今回の訪問では和平の具体的な構想や手順は示されなかった。トランプ氏はイスラエル寄りとされる。独立したパレスチナ国家がイスラエルと共存するという従来の和平原則にこだわらない考えを示したこともある。大切なのは公正な仲介者としての立場だ。腰を据えた取り組みを求めたい。
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