A Sexual Assault Victim 10 Years Later

Published in JoongAng Ilbo
(South Korea) on 2 October 2018
by Shim Jae Woo (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Yoo An. Edited by Elizabeth Cosgriff.
While the U.N. General Assembly was being held in New York, Americans focused their attention on sexual misconduct allegations made about Donald Trump’s Supreme Court nominee, Brett Kavanaugh − that he was involved in an event 35 years ago, just as Trump had been involved in a separate sex scandal.

Many Americans thought the testimony of professor Christine Blasey Ford, who appeared as a witness before the U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee, sounded credible. They were swayed by Ford’s appeal to “civic duty” despite Kavanaugh’s denial of the accusations. However, the nomination was advanced to the full Senate on a vote of 11-10. What remains now is an FBI investigation that has been given a one-week window before the final confirmation vote.*

Since it is nearly impossible to uncover the truth about Kavanaugh in just one week, quite a few reports have already come out concluding that the #MeToo movement has been defeated. Some lamented that if Ford had called the police immediately on the day she was assaulted in high school, Kavanaugh couldn’t have had his brilliant career, let alone be nominated for the Supreme Court.

Like Ford, victims of sex crimes try to remain silent at first. This is true for everyone, both in Korea and in the U.S. This silence has been a major limitation in the study and investigation of sex crimes. According to the U.S. Department of Justice, two of three crimes related to sexual assault are not reported. Only last year has the pace of research started picking up, thanks to the aftermath of the #MeToo movement.

According to research done by Lisa Kath, a psychology professor at San Diego State University, the cost of health care has noticeably increased. Victims of sexual abuse, who hesitate to disclose their trauma, are more likely to suffer the distress of insomnia and nightmares. As a result, women who were assaulted were found to pay 16 percent more in health care fees 10 years down the road compared to women who were not.

According to an article published in the journal Gender & Society last June, women who were sexually abused showed a 6.5 times higher rate of turnover [at work] than women who were not. Eighty percent of sexually abused women leave their jobs, usually within two years, abandoning high-income occupations where the majority of co-workers are male and moving toward positions that are more comfortable but low-income. As a result, sexual assault contributes to the “glass ceiling” effect seen in organizations offering high incomes and influence.

There are additional victims claiming to have been sexually assaulted by Kavanaugh, but he has repeatedly responded that he is innocent. The truth remains untold, but it also would be hard for Kavanaugh to plead guilty while his wife and daughters are watching. Even if he sits on the Supreme Court now, what can he possibly say to his daughters if the truth is revealed later?

*Editor’s note: Kavanaugh’s nomination to the Supreme Court was confirmed by the U.S. Senate in a 50-48 vote on Oct. 6, 2018.


미국 뉴욕에서 유엔 총회가 진행되는 동안 미국인들의 관심은 브렛 캐버노 연방대법관 지명자의 성폭행 의혹 사건으로 쏠렸다. 35년 전 사건에 연루된 캐버노가 도널드 트럼프 대통령의 ‘대역’으로 비쳤다.

미 상원 법사위원회에 증인으로 출석한 크리스틴 블래시 포드 교수(캘리포니아주 팰로앨토대)의 증언이 더 진실에 가깝다고 여기는 미국인이 많았다. 캐버노의 결백 주장보다 ‘시민의 책임’을 강조한 포드에게 기운 것이다. 그러나 법사위 인준안은 표결 결과 11대 10으로 통과됐다. 다만 상원 전체회의 표결을 앞두고 1주일간 미 연방수사국(FBI)의 조사가 남겨진 상황이다.

FBI가 1주일 안에 캐버노의 실체를 밝혀내기는 불가능에 가깝기 때문에 사실상 미투 운동의 패배로 결론짓는 보도가 적지 않다. 만약 고교 시절 성폭행을 당할 뻔한 포드가 그날 곧바로 경찰을 불렀다면 캐버노는 대법관 지명은커녕 그의 화려한 인생 자체가 확연하게 달라졌을 것이라는 탄식이 뒤따랐다.

당시의 포드처럼 성폭행 관련 범죄의 피해 여성은 우선 침묵으로 일관하려 한다. 한국·미국에서 모두 인지상정이다. 이는 성폭행 관련 범죄를 연구하는 데 한계로 작용해 왔다. 미 법무부의 조사 결과에 따르면 성폭행 관련 범죄 3건 가운데 두 건은 경찰에 접수되지 않았다. 그나마 지난해부터 불기 시작한 미투 운동의 여파로 성폭행 관련 연구가 비교적 활발하게 이어지고 있다.

리사 케스 샌디에이고대 심리학과 교수의 연구에 따르면 헬스케어 관련 비용이 눈에 띄게 늘었다. 피해 여성은 ‘그 일’을 당한 뒤 주변 사람에게 말도 못 하고 끙끙 앓다가 불면증까지 겪게 된다. 결국 ‘그 일’이 일어난 지 10년 뒤 피해 여성은 그렇지 않은 여성에 비해 헬스케어 비용으로 16% 더 지불하는 것으로 조사됐다.

지난해 6월 ‘성과 사회’ 저널에 게재된 논문에 따르면 성희롱을 당한 여성은 그렇지 않은 여성에 비해 이직률이 6.5배 높은 것으로 나타났다. 성희롱을 당한 여성의 80%는 2년 내 직장을 떠날 확률이 가장 높았다. 남성이 대다수를 차지하는 고소득 직종을 버리고, 상대적으로 속은 편하지만 소득이 낮은 포지션을 찾아간다는 것이다. 결과적으로 고소득에 영향력이 큰 조직에서 ‘유리 천장’ 현상이 나타나는 배경이기도 하다.

캐버노에게 성폭행을 당했다고 주장하는 추가 피해자들이 나타나고 있지만, 캐버노 자신은 “무고하다”는 주장을 되풀이하고 있다. 그게 사실일 수도 있겠지만, 만약 아니라면 아내와 딸들이 보고 있는 상황에서 그렇게 얘기할 수밖에 없을 듯도 하다. 당장에 대법관 자리에 앉더라도 나중에 진실이 밝혀지면 딸들에게 뭐라고 얘기할 수 있을까.
This post appeared on the front page as a direct link to the original article with the above link .

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