Mexico and the US Presidential Election

Published in Excelsior
(Mexico) on 20 August 2019
by Leo Zuckermann (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Charlotte Holmes. Edited by Margaret McIntyre.
If political conditions were normal and the economy were solid and growing, Trump would not have much difficulty getting reelected. However, political conditions are not normal, nor is the economy as solid as it appears.

One of the factors causing uncertainty for Mexico’s economy is the U.S. presidential election. Here’s why.

Currently, President Donald Trump’s reelection is not guaranteed. According to the betting site predictit.org, there is a 55% probability of the Democrats winning the presidency in the November 2020 election, and a 45% chance that the Republicans will remain in the White House. It could practically go either way.

If political conditions were normal and the economy were solid and growing, Trump would not have much difficulty getting reelected. However, political conditions are not normal, nor is the economy as solid as it appears.

As far as the matter of economic growth is concerned, the most recent figures show that it is decelerating. Black clouds are beginning to appear on the horizon, indicating the possibility of a recession next year. According to various predictive methods, the chances of this happening in the next 12 months are one in three. At the start of 2019, the probability of a recession was 10%.

As for the matter of politics, Trump is not a traditional president. On the contrary, he has broken the paradigms that guide how campaigning is carried out in his country. Typically, once a candidate won the White House, he would proceed to expand his electoral support in order to ensure his reelection. Instead, over the last three years, Trump has focused on currying favor with the same social demographic that elected him. Instead of becoming more moderate, he continues to have a polarizing effect. Consequently, according to the polls, 40% of the electorate currently supports him. This percentage not only supports but also idolizes him. Their support is very intense. Because of the indirect electoral system, this number of voters could result in his reelection. As in 2016, he might even lose the popular vote but gain enough Electoral College votes to win the presidency.

The issue is that, currently, Trump’s reelection is not going to be easy. We must remember that he is an excessively narcissistic man who is not used to losing. He will therefore do everything he can to win the 2020 election. He will not let his heart rule his head by any means. And as in 2016, since his electoral base loves to throw punches at our country, Mexico will be one of his favorite punching bags. He will strike at us in relation to three issues: immigration, trade and drugs.

The trade issue is particularly relevant to Mexico’s economy. This is not only because Trump could threaten to impose tariffs on us again at any moment, like he did in June, but also because of the question of the ratification of the new North American trade agreement, known as the USMCA. At the moment, according to the bets on predictit.org, there is only a small chance - 28% - that Congress will ratify the trade agreement this year. If the deal is not passed in 2019, it is unlikely that the deal will be passed in 2020 either, given the upcoming elections next year.

In the meantime, NAFTA will remain in force. However, we cannot rule out the possibility that, frustrated over the refusal of the Democrats in the House of Representatives to ratify the USMCA that he negotiated, Trump will lash out in a fit of populism and threaten once again to withdraw the United States from the agreement.

To add fuel to the fire, many of the Democrats who are competing to be their party’s presidential candidate support protectionism just as much, if not more so, than Trump. Elizabeth Warren, who is currently in the lead according to predictit.org with a 30% chance of becoming the Democratic candidate, has stated that she is against the USMCA, which she has discredited by calling it NAFTA 2.0. She believes that trade agreements should be made with greater consideration for her country’s blue-collar demographic.

This climate has injected Mexico’s future trade relationship with the United States with a dose of political uncertainty. Given the situation, many companies have decided to wait before investing in our country. They will wait until it becomes clearer who the Democratic candidate will be, what the presidential contest will be like and who will win our northern neighbor’s 2020 elections.


En condiciones de normalidad política, con una economía sólida creciendo, Trump no tendría muchos problemas para reelegirse. Sin embargo, ni estamos en una situación de normalidad política ni la economía está tan sólida como parece

Uno de los factores que está generando incertidumbre sobre la economía mexicana es la elección presidencial en Estados Unidos. Explico por qué.

El presidente Donald Trump no tiene, hoy, asegurada su reelección. De acuerdo al sitio de apuestas de predictit.org, existe un 55% de probabilidades de que los demócratas ganen la Presidencia en las elecciones de noviembre de 2020 y un 45% de que los republicanos se queden en la Casa Blanca. Es, prácticamente, un volado.

En condiciones de normalidad política, con una economía sólida creciendo, Trump no tendría muchos problemas para reelegirse. Sin embargo, ni estamos en una situación de normalidad política ni la economía está tan sólida como parece.

En cuanto al crecimiento económico, los datos más recientes demuestran que se está desacelerando. En el horizonte comienzan a aparecer nubarrones que podrían producir una recesión el próximo año. Diversos modelos de predicción le dan alrededor de un tercio de probabilidad de que esto suceda en los próximos 12 meses. Cuando empezó el 2019, dicha probabilidad estaba en un diez por ciento.

En cuanto a la política, pues Trump no es un presidente tradicional. Por el contrario, ha roto los paradigmas de cómo hacer campaña en su país. Típicamente, una vez que un candidato ganaba la Casa Blanca, procedía a ampliar su coalición electoral para asegurar su reelección. Trump, en cambio, se ha dedicado, estos tres años, a cortejar a la misma base social que lo llevó a la Presidencia. En lugar de moderarse, continúa polarizando. Esto ha generado que, hoy, de acuerdo a las encuestas, lo apoye un 40% del electorado. Este porcentaje no sólo lo respalda sino lo adora. Es un apoyo muy intenso. Con esta cantidad de votantes, debido al sistema electoral indirecto, puede ganar. Como en 2016, incluso podría volver a perder el voto popular, pero llevarse la elección al cosechar más delegados en el Colegio Electoral.

El tema es que, hoy, Trump no la tiene fácil para reelegirse. Recordemos que es un hombre de un narcisismo exacerbado que no está acostumbrado a perder. En este sentido, hará todo lo posible por ganar la elección de 2020. No se va a tentar el corazón para nada. Y México, como en 2016, será una de sus piñatas favoritas, porque pegarle a nuestro país le encanta a su base electoral. Nos va a golpear en tres temas: migración, comercio y drogas.

El asunto comercial es particularmente relevante para la economía mexicana. No sólo porque, en cualquier momento, Trump nos vuelve a amenazar con imponernos aranceles, como lo hizo en junio pasado, sino por la aprobación del nuevo tratado comercial de América del Norte conocido como T-MEC. Hoy, de acuerdo a las apuestas en predictit.org, hay una escasa probabilidad de 28% de que el Congreso estadunidense apruebe este tratado en este año. Si, efectivamente, no pasa en 2019, es poco probable que el próximo se ratifique por ser 2020 un año electoral.

Mientras tanto, seguirá vigente el TLCAN. No se puede descartar, sin embargo, que en un arranque populista, Trump vuelva a amenazar con retirar a Estados Unidos de ese tratado, frustrado porque los demócratas en la Cámara de Representantes no le aprobaron el T-MEC que él negoció.

Agréguese que muchos de los demócratas que están compitiendo por ser el candidato presidencial de su partido son igual o más proteccionistas en materia comercial que Trump. Elizabeth Warren, quien hoy es la que va arriba en las apuestas de predicit.org, con un 30% de probabilidades de ser la candidata demócrata, se ha pronunciado en contra del T-MEC, al que ha descalificado como un TLCAN 2.0, y tiene la idea de que los tratados comerciales deben tomar más en cuenta los intereses de la clase trabajadora de su país.

Todo este ambiente le ha inyectado una dosis de incertidumbre política al futuro de la relación comercial de México con Estados Unidos. En este contexto, muchas empresas han decidido esperarse para ver si invierten en nuestro país hasta que haya una mayor claridad de quién será el candidato de los demócratas, cómo será la competencia presidencial y quién será el ganador en los comicios de noviembre de 2020 en el vecino del norte.
















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