On Racial Issues, America Should Do Some Self-Reflecting

Published in Huanqiu
(China) on 28 August 2020
by SiMa Ming (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Brittany Bradley. Edited by Michelle Bisson.
On Aug. 25, Politico reported that the U.S. is weighing formally calling China’s so-called brutal repression of Uighurs a “genocide.” It seems as though U.S. politicians are fabricating the world’s biggest lie. Instead of inventing lies, they should take the time to reflect on their own country’s dark history of genocide and resolve the recurring problem of racism within the U.S.

Behind the successful America of today is not only a past full of the primitive accumulation of capital but the accumulation of human life, all of which reeks with blood. Some believe the U.S. massacred the impoverished American Indians, which then enabled it to shrug off all responsibility and take large quantities of land and resources to freely develop its own economy. The history of U.S. development is riddled with the blood and tears of American Indians and minorities. People are left wondering, could it be that the U.S.’ so-called beacon of human rights is made of bones?

After the American Revolution ended, a century-long period of westward expansion began to take place. White settlers slowly began expanding their territory by encroaching upon American Indian land. In 1850, the president wrote a letter to Chief Seattle, the chief of the Northwest Indian Tribe, asking to purchase the tribe’s land. Seattle knew he was no match for their weapons; he had no choice but to give in. The letter he wrote in return contained these famous words, “Every part of the earth is sacred to my people. … the earth does not belong to man, man belongs to the earth.” This idea, considered absurd by western conquerors, is still used as a guiding principle for those who explore the relationship between humanity and the earth. When self-righteous "civilized people" laugh at and expel "barbarians," they are unable to understand the sorrow, philosophy and compassion of the “barbarians” they are driving out.

This wasn’t the end of the so-called civilized barbarism. In order to destroy the American Indian’s means of survival, U.S. government officials ordered the massacre of American bison, a vital resource for Indians. By 1890, less than 20 years later, the number of bison in North America, which had been more than 13 million, plummeted to less than 1,000. But they didn’t stop there. In 1814, President James Madison referenced the 1703 North American Colonial Assembly’s Indian slaughter incentive policy; he then stipulated that the government would award $50 to $100 for every Indian scalp turned in. These notorious incidents are known as the “bison” and “scalping” policies.

Actually, a number of America’s former presidents have pushed for a similar Indian extermination policy, including George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt and Abraham Lincoln. According to statistics, at the beginning of the 20th century, the population of American Indians in the U.S. went from 5,000,000 to 250,000, one twentieth of the original number; at the same time, their conquerors attempted to use the ideals of “freedom,” “democracy” and “human rights” to draw attention away from the truth.

Nazi Germany modeled itself after the racist practices in America. In his book, “Mein Kampf,” Adolf Hitler spoke highly of these U.S. practices, even drawing inspiration from its segregation laws to revise his Nuremberg laws.

You could say the U.S. issue of racism, which has been around since the nation’s inception, has been hard to do away with. Even with the arrival of the modern era, the U.S. has yet to completely shake itself of its ingrained racist habits. The Genocide Convention was adopted in 1948 by the United Nations, but America didn’t ratify the convention until 1988.

America’s systemic racism has grown more severe under the Trump administration. Voting restrictions imposed on American Indians and other minorities, the failure to reform discriminatory practices in law enforcement and the statement of George Floyd (a young Black man), “I can’t breathe,” have become signifiers of an American society that is being ripped apart. After the COVID-19 outbreak, President Donald Trump dubbed it the “Chinese virus,” causing Asian Americans to face intense discrimination. Additionally, research shows that minorities in the U.S. are also facing inequality when it comes to receiving proper medical treatment, with the number of minorities who have tested positive and died as a result of COVID-19 being much higher than that of whites. Finally, Trump’s move to pull out of the U.N. human rights council has caused the so-called beacon of human rights to topple down completely.

What also needs to be mentioned is the awful prejudice toward and persecution of Muslims by the U.S. Every election season, anti-Muslim views are expressed everywhere. Surveys show, “Conspiracy theories targeting Muslims have increasingly entered the political mainstream. ... More than a third [of elected officials or candidates] have claimed that Muslims are inherently violent or pose an imminent threat … Just under a third of the candidates considered have called for Muslims to be denied basic rights or declared that Islam is not a religion.” In January 2017, Trump signed an executive order banning citizens from seven predominantly Islamic countries from entering the U.S., an event in the history of human rights that many in the international community have condemned. Moreover, the Los Angeles Times revealed that a Muslim Pakistani man was mistaken for a terrorist and locked up without trial in Guantanamo for 14 years, where he was repeatedly tortured.

U.S. military forces in Iraq, Syria, Afghanistan and Yemen have been known to abuse Muslim prisoners of war and kill large numbers of local Muslim civilians and children. It is a matter of concern whether or not the U.S. Muslim community will meet the same tragic fate as that of the American Indians.

U.S. politicians butt into Chinese affairs and spread rumors about Xinjiang and attack China. All of this is laughable!

Everyone knows China is a multiethnic country. The law states that all ethnicities are equal and prohibits any prejudice toward and/or persecution of other ethnicities; a striking contrast to the U.S. history of genocide, segregation and prejudice. China has established ethnically autonomous regions and allowed for religious freedom. The 56 ethnic groups, including Uighurs, are tightly held together like the seeds of a pomegranate, nurtured by Chinese civilization, and each sharing in the nation’s glory.

Faced with the dangers of terrorism and extremism, Xinjiang launched new policies to combat these problems and secure to the maximum extent basic human rights for all, such as the right to live and thrive. Through the joint effort of all its ethnic groups, Xinjiang’s fight against terrorism and radicalism has brought about significant progress. Now Tianshan, from its northern to southernmost end, is at peace. In 2019, Xinjiang’s gross domestic product increased by 6.2%, and the entire region's disposable income increased by 7.5% compared to income from the previous year. Cultural undertakings and cultural industries flourished, and the cultural heritage and religious practices of all ethnic groups were protected. In the decades since the founding of New China, the Uighur population has grown from about 2 million to more than 10 million. Judging from this alone, the so-called genocide China is committing against Uighurs has proven to be nothing more than a lie.

In regard to human rights, everyone in Xinjiang has freedom of speech. Xinjiang’s efforts to combat terrorism and radicalism have also been widely recognized by the international community, including Islamic countries. In March 2019, the Organization of Islamic Cooperation held a meeting in Abu Dhabi where they wrote in their resolution, “[The OIC] welcomes the outcomes of the visit conducted by the General Secretariat’s delegation upon invitation from the People’s Republic of China; commends the efforts of the People’s Republic of China in providing care to its Muslim citizens; and looks forward to further cooperation between the OIC and the People’s Republic of China.” Those who are set on maliciously starting rumors just got a big dose of reality!

Whether we’re talking about China’s religious policies, or Xinjiang’s effort to combat terrorism, both can be used as a model. The U.S. ought to settle down and realize these efforts are worth studying closely. If the U.S. chooses to seek out help earnestly, China is willing to freely share its experience because China, like all the people of the world who truly respect human rights and love freedom, doesn’t want a repeat of the tragedy that occurred to the American Indians. We don’t want minorities in America to continue to face difficulties. We wish for every American, including minorities, to be able to breathe freely.


美国Politico网站8月25日报道,美正考虑正式将所谓中国对维吾尔族人的“残酷镇压”定性为“种族灭绝”。看来,荒唐的美国政客正在编织本世纪最大谎言!与其编织谎言,不如认真反省自身种族灭绝的黑历史,解决种族主义的老问题。

美国今日发展成就的背后,不仅有血腥的资本原始积累,更有血腥的人命积累。有观点认为,美国政府对贫困的印第安人进行种族灭绝,使其一举甩掉本应承担的责任,又能无偿征用大量土地和自然资源,毫无负担地发展经济。一部美国发展史,就是一部土著民族和少数族裔血泪史。不免怀疑,美国所谓的“人权灯塔”难道是由骸骨堆成?!

1783年美国独立战争结束后开始了长达一个世纪的西进运动,白人通过蚕食印第安人土地实现领土扩张。19世纪50年代,白人领袖给西北部印第安部落酋长西雅图写信,要求购买其领地。西雅图深知无法抵御白人枪炮,只得同意。他在给白人领袖的著名回信中写道,“这片土地是神圣的。大地不属于人类,而人类是属于大地的。”这种被西方征服者认为荒谬可笑的观念,至今仍堪称探讨人与自然关系的标杆。当自以为是的“文明人”嘲笑和驱逐“野蛮人”之时,他们全然无法领会“野蛮人”的哀愁、哲思与悲悯。

“文明人”的野蛮还在继续。为了让印第安人失去生存基础,美政府下令屠杀印第安人的生活必需品美洲野牛。不到20年时间,到1890年,北美野牛数量从1300多万头锐减至不足1000头。惨绝人寰的杀戮也降临到印第安人头上。1814年,美国詹姆斯·麦迪逊政府参考1703年北美殖民地议会作出屠杀印第安人的奖励政策,规定每上缴一个印第安人的头盖皮,政府奖励50至100美元。这就是臭名昭著的“野牛政策”和“头皮政策”。

实际上,美国诸多开国元老诸如华盛顿、杰斐逊、西奥多·罗斯福和林肯等,都坚决推进了灭绝印第安人政策。据统计,到20世纪初,美国印第安人口从500万锐减至25万,只有原来的二十分之一。在印第安人的鲜血与枯骨上,“自由”“民主”“人权”的旗帜黯然失色。

美国的种族主义实践,还曾被纳粹德国奉为圭臬。希特勒在《我的奋斗》里表达了对美国种族主义社会的崇拜之情,并且纳粹从美国种族隔离法案里获得极大灵感修订他们的《纽伦堡法》。

滥觞于美国独立之初的种族主义问题可谓阴魂难散。进入现代,美国仍未清除掉种族主义的“胎记”。1948年,联合国大会通过《防止及惩治灭绝种族罪公约》,美国1988年才批准这一公约。特朗普当局治下的美国,系统性种族歧视更是变本加厉。印第安人等少数族裔的选举权被限制剥夺,执法司法领域种族歧视未见改善,黑人青年乔治·弗洛伊德的一句“我无法呼吸”成为美国社会种群撕裂的注脚。新冠肺炎疫情发生以来,特朗普诬称新冠病毒为“中国病毒”,使美国亚裔人士遭受严重歧视。据研究,美国少数族裔在获得医疗救治方面也受到不公正对待,少数族裔新冠肺炎确诊和病死率均明显高于白人。特朗普政府悍然退出联合国人权理事会,更是让所谓“人权灯塔”彻底轰塌。

需要指出的是,美国对穆斯林群体的歧视和迫害尤为令人不寒而栗。每逢选举季,美国内反穆言论都甚嚣尘上。调查显示,针对穆斯林的阴谋论日益进入政治主流,“超过三分之一的中期选举候选人声称穆斯林天生暴力或构成迫在眉睫的威胁”,“将近三分之一的候选人呼吁剥夺穆斯林的基本权利或宣称伊斯兰教不是宗教”。2017年1月,特朗普签署骇人听闻的“禁穆令”,禁止部分伊斯兰国家公民入境美国,成为国际人权史上的黑暗一页,受到国际社会一致挞伐。《洛杉矶时报》网站披露,有被误认为是极端分子的巴基斯坦穆斯林,未经审判被关押在关塔那摩监狱长达14年,屡遭酷刑折磨。美国在伊拉克、叙利亚、阿富汗、也门的海外军事行动,既有虐待穆斯林战俘的卑劣记录,更使大量当地穆斯林平民甚至儿童无辜遇难。凡此种种令人忧虑,美国穆斯林群体会否重蹈印第安人的悲惨命运。

美国政客就涉疆问题造谣污蔑,进行恶毒攻击抹黑,简直滑天下之大稽!

众所周知,中国是一个多民族国家,中国宪法规定各民族一律平等,禁止对任何民族的歧视和压迫。这与美国过去和当下的种族灭绝、种族隔离、种族歧视形成鲜明对比。中国实施民族区域自治制度和宗教信仰自由政策,包括维吾尔族在内的56个民族像石榴子一样紧紧抱在一起,共享中华文明滋养孕育,共沐民族复兴伟大荣光。

面对恐怖主义、极端主义的现实威胁,新疆依法开展反恐和去极端化斗争,最大限度保障各族人民群众的生存权、发展权等基本人权。经过新疆各族人民共同奋斗,新疆反恐和去极端化斗争取得重要阶段性成果,如今的天山南北一片安宁祥和。2019年,新疆GDP同比增长6.2%,全区居民人均可支配收入比上年增长7.5%,文化事业和文化产业不断发展,各民族文化遗产和宗教文化得到充分保护。新中国成立几十年间,维吾尔族人口数量从大约两百万增长到一千多万,仅以这一点看,所谓中国在新疆搞“种族灭绝”的谎言即不攻自破!

新疆的人权状况,新疆各族人民最有发言权。新疆的反恐与去极端化努力,还得到包括伊斯兰国家在内国际社会的广泛认可。2019年3月在阿布扎比举行的伊斯兰合作组织(OIC)外长理事会第46次会议决议里写到,“欢迎OIC代表团访问中国,赞赏中国为关怀穆斯林群体所做努力,OIC愿进一步加强同中国合作。”那些热衷造谣蛊惑、心怀鬼胎的人被现实狠狠煽了一记耳光!

无论是中国的民族宗教政策,还是新疆反恐与去极端化努力,都是值得美国静下心来仔细研读的教材、可资借鉴的范本、认真学习的楷模。如果美方真心求教,我们愿意无私分享自身宝贵经验。因为我们和世界上真正尊重人权、热爱自由的人们一样,希望发生在印第安人身上的惨剧不再上演,希望美国的少数族裔不再陷于水火,希望包括少数族裔在内的每一个美国人都可以在阳光下尽情畅快地呼吸!(司马明)
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