US Governance Is in a State of Chaos

Published in Guangming Daily
(China) on 26 November 2020
by Deng Xianlai, Sun Ding, Xu Jianmei (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Jo Sharp. Edited by Elizabeth Cosgriff.
The 2020 election is seen as one of the most bitter and divisive elections in U.S. history, and its anomalies and gridlock reflect the chaos of the U.S. government’s governance for the past four years, or even longer. Widening political rifts, an out-of-control COVID-19 pandemic and unbalanced economic development are just the main manifestations of the chaos in governance.

Political Rift Widens

The chaos of governance in the U.S. government is shown first and foremost by widening political rifts. Twenty days have passed since Election Day in the U.S. on Nov. 3. U.S. General Services Administration head Emily Murphy notified former Vice President Joe Biden and his team on Nov. 23 that Republican incumbent President Donald Trump’s administration was ready to formally begin the transition process. Trump confirmed the news on social media that evening, while saying he would continue to fight to challenge the election results.

Trump supporters recently held a march in Washington, D.C., and clashed with opponents over the controversy surrounding the election. One Trump supporter and two police officers were injured and at least 20 people were arrested.

The widening political rift in the U.S. is also reflected in the ongoing political battles in the executive, legislative and judicial branches. In the midst of a nationwide wave of protests and demonstrations earlier this year over the violent death of George Floyd — an African American man — at the hands of the police, the two parties were divided over how to respond to the situation. It was difficult to get a coronavirus bailout plan passed by Congress because of large bipartisan differences. Trump’s nomination of conservative judge Amy Coney Barrett to the U.S. Supreme Court also sparked fierce political fights between the parties.

The COVID-19 Pandemic Is out of Control

This year’s election was held against the backdrop of a large-scale outbreak of COVID-19 in the United States, where the pandemic has been out of control for a long time. This runaway pandemic has not only profoundly reshaped the election process, but has also become another example of the chaos in the U.S. government’s governance. According to data from Johns Hopkins University, as of the evening of Nov. 22 (Eastern Standard Time), more than 12 million people in the United States have been diagnosed with COVID-19 and more than 250,000 have lost their lives. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, since November the number of confirmed cases in a single day in the U.S. has continued to increase sharply to more than 100,000, with a record high of 192,673 on Nov. 20.

It is worth noting that the issue of racial inequality in the U.S. has once again become prominent during the COVID-19 pandemic. African Americans, Latinos and other minority groups account for a higher proportion of the persistently high numbers of confirmed cases, hospitalizations and deaths compared to whites. According to the data, diagnoses, hospitalizations and deaths of African Americans are 2.6, 4.7 and 2.1 times those of white people, while the respective figures for Latinos are 2.8 times, 4.6 times and 1.1 times those of the white population.

Imbalances in Social Development

The pandemic’s impact on ethnic minorities goes far beyond this. From an economic point of view, the unbalanced development of underprivileged people in America, including some ethnic minorities, is the third manifestation of the chaos of the U.S. government’s governance. Taking the employment situation as an example, the October unemployment figures from the U.S. Department of Labor show that the U.S. job market remains vulnerable to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has left more minority Americans “unable to breathe” under the weight of the outbreak. The figures show that the unemployment rates for different ethnic groups, such as African Americans, Latinos and whites, are 10.8%, 8.8% and 6% respectively. Congress has been slow to agree on a new round of a fiscal stimulus package, which has greatly restricted the flow of funds to the unemployed and small businesses affected by the pandemic. Prospects for a balanced recovery in the employment market continue to be gloomy.

Experts believe that the pandemic has exacerbated the existential crisis of American people at the bottom of society, but that the long-standing and worsening crisis for the middle class, caused by an unequal distribution of wealth in U.S. society, is causing social and political unrest. Chris Buskirk, editor of the American conservative website American Greatness, points out that the unequal distribution of wealth is caused by nearly half a century of stagnant real wage growth as well as other structural problems, and is likely to create an unsustainable situation.



2020年美国大选被视为美国历史上最尖锐和最分裂的选举之一,其胶着与反常所折射出的是过去4年、甚至更长时间以来美国政府的治理之乱。政治裂痕加大、新冠疫情失控、经济发展失衡正是治理之乱的几个主要表现。
  政治裂痕加大
  美国政府的治理之乱首先体现在政治裂痕加大。距离11月3日美国大选投票日已过了20天。美国总务管理局局长埃米莉·墨菲23日通知民主党人、前副总统拜登及其团队,共和党籍现任总统特朗普的政府已做好准备正式开始政权过渡进程。特朗普当天傍晚在社交媒体上证实这一消息,同时表示将继续为挑战选举结果而战。
  围绕选举争议,特朗普支持者日前在华盛顿特区举行游行,与反对者发生冲突,一名特朗普支持者和两名警察受伤,至少20人被捕。
  美国政治裂痕加大还见诸行政、立法、司法领域中此起彼伏的政治斗争。今年早些时候非洲裔男子弗洛伊德遭警察暴力执法死亡引发全国性抗议示威浪潮之中,两党就如何应对局势产生分歧;新冠疫情下救助方案因两党分歧较大而难以在国会获得通过;特朗普提名保守派法官埃米·科尼·巴雷特担任联邦最高法院大法官也引发白热化党争等。
  新冠疫情失控
  今年大选是在新冠疫情在美大规模暴发而长久得不到有效控制的背景下举行的。失控的疫情不仅深刻重塑大选进程,更成为美国政府治理之乱的又一例证。
  据约翰斯·霍普金斯大学数据,截至美国东部时间22日晚,美国已有超过1200万人确诊感染新冠病毒,逾25万人因此失去生命。美国疾病控制与预防中心数据显示,进入11月以来,美国单日确诊病例持续激增至超过10万例,20日更创下192673例新高。
  值得注意的是,美国种族不平等问题在新冠疫情暴发过程中再次凸显。在持续高涨的新冠确诊病例、住院病例和死亡病例中,非洲裔、拉美裔等少数族群比白人占比更高。数据显示,非洲裔美国人的确诊数、住院数和死亡数分别是白人的2.6倍、4.7倍和2.1倍,拉美裔的相关数据分别是白人的2.8倍、4.6倍和1.1倍。
  社会发展失衡
  疫情对少数族裔的影响远不止于此。从经济角度来说,包括部分少数族裔在内的美国底层人民的发展失衡,是美国政府治理之乱的第三个体现。以就业情况为例,美国劳工部公布的10月失业率数据显示,美国就业市场在新冠疫情的影响下仍旧脆弱,更多少数族裔美国人在新冠疫情的重压下“无法呼吸”。
  数据显示,非洲裔、拉美裔和白人等不同族群的失业率分别为10.8%、8.8%和6%。国会迟迟难就新一轮财政刺激计划达成一致,大大限制了流向受疫情影响的失业者和小企业的资金,就业市场均衡复苏前景持续暗淡。
  专家认为,疫情加剧了美国底层人民的生存危机,但美国社会财富分配不均造成的中产阶层危机则早已存在并持续恶化,正在引发社会和政治动荡。美国保守派网站“美国伟大”编辑克里斯·巴斯柯克指出,财富分配不均是由持续近半个世纪的实际工资增长停滞以及其他结构性问题导致的,很可能造成一种不可持续的局面。
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