Silicon Valley Workers Are Rising Up*

Published in Estadão
(Brazil) on 14 October 2021
by Pedro Doria (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Ana Bath. Edited by Helaine Schweitzer.
Big tech employees have something to say about the California lifestyle.

There's a new mood in Silicon Valley, and it was evident last week when a former Facebook product manager, Frances Haugen, appeared publicly before the Senate and introduced herself as a whistleblower. And she is not alone. Last week, a new episode of the podcast “Land of the Giants" aired. The program looks at how big tech companies are transforming every aspect of our world — and at what cost. In last week's episode, the program interviewed another big tech manager who spoke out about Apple, the company she worked for. Ashley Gjovik, a senior engineering program manager, organized an employee protest demanding the dismissal of a director, and she got it done. At Google, employees have stood firm and demanded a change in the behavior of their superiors more than once in the last few years. And now a war between managers and employees is in progress over working on-site. Many prefer to work remotely and do not want to return to the office full time.

It's been 10 years since Steve Jobs died and Tim Cook replaced him at Apple. Jobs was a tyrannical boss, though he softened over time. He was also a legend in Silicon Valley for his brilliance, intuition and ability to inspire his team. Back then, Silicon Valley was like Hollywood at the beginning of the 20th century, when countless young people headed West with the dream of making it big in the movie business. In the last few decades, going to Silicon Valley became the dream of many young tech professionals who sought jobs at a big tech company, wished to meet important people, launch a startup and make it big there.

Getting a job at Apple, Facebook or Google was considered the height of one’s career for young programmers, engineers and information technology professionals. For this very reason, many subjected themselves to aggressive bosses and strenuous working hours with no work-life balance. Everyone knew that anyone who left could be easily replaced. There was no lack of people competing for open positions.

This has drastically changed.

There are three reasons for this, and the first is the #MeToo movement, a social initiative targeted at sexual abuse and sexual harassment that provided a way for people to publicly allege sexual crime. Nowhere in the U.S. has the freedom to be who you are become a more fundamental rule of coexistence than in Northern California. The rainbow flag is everywhere, the LGBTQIA+ community is active, and the debate over conduct and wages takes place everywhere. At Apple, the director that Gjovik managed to have fired wrote a book disparaging women. He wound up at the losing end of that tug-of-war despite how far up in the hierarchy he was.

The second reason for the change is the way big tech companies were perceived by those outside Silicon Valley. Beginning in 2016, privacy issues and the way privacy matters were believed to be involved in manipulating elections, together with the acknowledgement that we are all addicted to our screens, were such that the technological dream factory began to look like the tobacco industry in the 1990s. It is clear that Silicon Valley's promise of a digital utopia gave way to a new priority: the growth of the business. Insiders dissatisfied with their companies are demanding more consistency.

The third reason for the change is the cost of living in Silicon Valley. It is the most expensive square footage in the Western Hemisphere; there’s nothing comparable in Vieira Souto in Rio de Janeiro or on Park Avenue in New York City. When the pandemic proved to be a long-lasting situation, many people moved to the suburbs, trading the cramped apartments of San Francisco, Berkeley and San Jose for houses with land. Now they want to stay where they are and continue to work remotely. Many have threatened to quit if they are forced to return to work on-site full time.

Replacing one employee is easy. Replacing hundreds not so much. One thing is certain: They are turning the tables on Silicon Valley.

*Editor's note: The original content of this article is available with a paid subscription.


Os trabalhadores do Vale do Silício se levantaram
Funcionários das Big Techs americanas têm algo a dizer sobre o estilo de vida na Califórnia

Há um clima novo no Vale do Silício e isso ficou evidente na última semana, quando uma ex-gerente de produto do Facebook pôs o rosto em público e se apresentou como delatora no Senado americano. Porque Frances Haugen não é única, tampouco rara. Também na última semana, foi ao ar um novo episódio do podcast Land of the Giants, que a cada temporada conta a história de grandes empresas do Vale. Lá, outra gerente deu entrevista contra a empresa em que trabalha. A Apple. É Ashley Gjøvik, uma programadora que montou um levante de funcionários exigindo a demissão de um diretor. Conseguiu. No Google, mais de uma vez nos últimos anos, funcionários cruzaram os braços para exigir mudanças de comportamento da chefia. E, agora, uma guerra entre gestores e trabalhadores está em curso a respeito do trabalho presencial. Muitos não querem voltar.

Faz dez anos que Steve Jobs morreu e Tim Cook o substituiu, na Apple. Jobs era um chefe tirânico, embora tenha se suavizado com o tempo. Era também uma lenda no Vale pelo brilho, pela intuição que o guiava a criar produtos novos, pela capacidade de inspirar sua equipe. Em seu tempo, o Vale se tornou uma segunda Hollywood na Califórnia. Assim como nas primeiras décadas do século 20, inúmeros jovens tomaram a estrada para o Oeste com o sonho de explodir no cinema, nas últimas décadas não foram poucos os que se dirigiram ao Vale movidos a outro sonho. Conseguir um emprego numa companhia grande, criar fama, conhecer gente, lançar uma startup e fazer fortuna.

Conseguir um emprego numa Apple, num Facebook, num Google era, para jovens programadores ou engenheiros ou gestores, marcar um gol definidor de carreira. Por isso mesmo, muitos se sujeitaram a chefes agressivos, jornadas de trabalho extenuantes, em essência fizeram do trabalho suas vidas. Todos sabiam que qualquer um que saísse seria substituído. Gente brigando pelas vagas não faltava.

Pois esta cultura mudou.

Os motivos são três — e o primeiro é o movimento Me Too, de denúncia de assédio sexual. Em nenhum lugar dos EUA a liberdade de ser quem se é se tornou regra básica de convívio como no Norte da Califórnia. A bandeira do arco-íris está por toda parte, a comunidade LGBTQIA+ é ativa e o debate sobre pronomes, sobre salários, sobre comportamento se dão em todos os cantos. Na Apple, o diretor que Ashley Gjøvik conseguiu forçar a demissão havia escrito um livro no qual desdenhava de mulheres. A ponta frágil era ele nesta briga, não importa quão acima estava na hierarquia.

A segunda razão é a maneira como as Big Techs começaram a ser vistas fora do Vale. De 2016 para cá, os problemas de privacidade, a percepção de que auxiliam na manipulação de eleições, a compreensão de que estamos todos adictos às telas, começam a fazer a fábrica de sonhos tecnológicos se parecer com a indústria tabagista nos anos 1990. Está claro que as promessas do Vale de uma utopia digital cedem perante um negócio que cresce. Pois também lá dentro das companhias há gente inconformada. E estão cobrando a coerência cada.

E, por fim, ao preço da vida no Vale do Silício. O metro quadrado mais caro do Hemisfério Ocidental — não tem Vieira Souto ou Park Avenue que compitam. A pandemia, quando se mostrou duradoura, fez muita gente explorar a ideia de ir morar mais longe. De trocar os apartamentos apertados de San Francisco ou Berkeley ou San José por casas com jardim muito mais distantes. Agora, querem ficar onde estão e continuar a trabalhar remotamente. Muitos ameaçam que, se forem obrigados a voltar, vão abandonar os empregos.

Trocar um é fácil. Trocar centenas não é. Os trabalhadores do digital se levantaram.


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