American author Paul Auster responds to Libération's questions hours before Obama's swearing-in ceremony.
Where will you be on January 20th, when Barack Obama will be proclaimed the 44th president of the U.S.?
In Paris, but watching CNN. If the French cannot wait, you can imagine how the Americans are. Yesterday, I took part in a literary television show and the other guests' skepticism really concerned me. I felt anger rise when they suggested, as always, that Obama may not be "black." I think the French have trouble understanding recent American history: segregationist laws were not abolished until 1964 and a single drop of black blood could then still seal your fate. I am totally enthusiastic about the new American president. I am also ready to bet on the fulfillment of all the promises Obama made that are in his power. In less than 2 years, there won't be a single American soldier in Iraq. Our land is torn, the economy collapses, everyone feels the recession on a daily basis even if he's not suffering from it. One just needs to wander around to observe numerous closing signs in front of shops, restaurants or other small companies. Even in Brooklyn, big as Paris and composed of a variety of districts, we see such signs in front of foreclosed houses, to be urgently sold. I do not think Obama is a providential man, but he is the one we need to avoid falling in entropy and total pessimism.
When was the first time you heard about Obama?
Like most Americans, on July 27th, 2004, during the extraordinary speech he gave as the Illinois senator candidate: "Well, I say to them tonight, there is not a liberal America and a conservative America — there is the United States of America. There is not a Black America and a White America and Latino America and Asian America — there’s the United States of America," he claimed. At that time, nobody knew about him. His speech totally carried me because, during the preceding 40 years, the United States had been living an ideological civil war with really concrete consequences. Also because it was articulated. We had long stopped being used to having a thinking political person, one who would not express himself through mottoes. We were are no longer accustomed to genuine political persons, unlike artifacts built by advertisers according to poll results. I will not deny either that I am very happy that the U.S. president is not only a writer, but a good one as well. Like everyone, I bought the autobiography he wrote when he was 33. Lots of political persons have their autobiography written by someone else, but this was not the case as he was too young and unknown. We see there that Obama is a man from everywhere and that it took him time to gather all the elements that constitute him. It is really interesting that he becomes the president of a nation that kept procrastinating.
In which ways?
Even though world news is available almost instantaneously, there is less and less curiosity about other cultures. This is obvious if we take popular movies as an example. Nowadays, not only do most American movies reach the screens of the entire world, but there are also fewer foreign movies than ever. Only 3% of published literature is foreign. In France it constitutes around 40% of what's published. With l'Amant, Marguerite Duras remains the latest best-selling author in the United States. It's been some time! As a student during the Sixties, I could easily find Maurice Merleau-Ponty's books in French in a few big New York bookstores. I'm not sure it would be possible today. And I am very affected by the closing of the only French bookstore in New York, on the Fifth Avenue.
Où serez-vous le 20 janvier, jour de l’investiture du quarante-quatrième président des Etats-Unis, Barack Obama ?
A Paris mais devant CNN. Si les Français sont impatients, vous pouvez imaginer dans quel état sont les Américains. Hier, j’ai participé à une émission littéraire télévisuelle et le scepticisme des autres invités, des intellectuels français, m’a enragé. J’ai senti ma colère monter lorsqu’ils ont prétendu, vieux débat moisi, qu’Obama n’était pas «noir». Je crois qu’en France, on a dû mal à saisir le passé très récent des Etats-Unis : l’ensemble des lois ségrégationnistes n’a été aboli qu’en 1964, et une seule goutte de sang noir suffisait à ce qu’elles règnent sur votre destinée. Mon enthousiasme à l’égard du nouveau président des Etats-Unis est total. Je suis prêt à parier qu’Obama respectera toutes les promesses qui sont en son pouvoir. Dans deux ans, il n’y aura plus aucun Américain en Irak et sans doute même avant. Le pays est brisé, l’économie s’effondre, chacun éprouve la récession dans sa vie quotidienne même s’il n’en est pas directement victime. Il suffit de se promener pour voir tous les jours de nouveaux panneaux de fermeture définitive devant des boutiques, restaurants, et petites entreprises. Même à Brooklyn, grand comme Paris et qui comporte des quartiers très divers, on voit des affichettes devant des maisons saisies, à vendre en urgence. Je ne pense pasqu’Obama soit un homme providentiel, mais c’est la personne qu’il nous faut pour éviter de sombrer dans une entropie et un pessimisme total.
Quand avez-vous entendu parler de Barack Obama pour la première fois ?
Comme beaucoup d’Américains, le 27 juillet 2004, lors du discours extraordinaire qu’il a prononcé en tant que candidat pour être sénateur dans l’Illinois : «Il n’y a pas une Amérique libérale et une Amérique conservatrice, il n’y a que les Etats-Unis d’Amérique. Il n’y a pas une Amérique noire, une Amérique blanche, une Amérique latino et une Amérique asiatique, il n’y a que les Etats-Unis d’Amérique», a-t-il proclamé. Personne ne savait qui était Obama. Son discours m’a bouleversé, car depuis une quarantaine d’années, les Etats-Unis vivent une guerre civile idéologique aux effets très réels. Et aussi parce qu’il était articulé. On avait perdu l’habitude qu’un homme politique pense et s’exprime autrement que par slogan. On avait perdu l’habitude qu’un homme politique soit un sujet, et non un artefact construit par des publicitaires selon le résultat de sondages. Je ne peux pas cacher que je suis très content que le président des Etats-Unis soit non seulement un écrivain, mais un bon écrivain. Comme tout le monde, j’ai acheté son autobiographie qu’il a écrite quand il avait 33 ans. Beaucoup d’hommes politiques se font écrire des livres, ce qui n’est pas son cas, il était trop jeune et complètement inconnu. On y voit qu’Obama est un homme de partout et qu’il lui a fallu du temps pour rassembler tous les éléments qui le constituent. C’est très intéressant qu’il devienne président d’une nation qui au fil des années n’a cessé de se refermer.
De quelle manière ?
Même si les informations sur le monde entier sont presque disponibles en temps réel, il y a de moins en moins de curiosité pour les autres cultures. C’est évidemment si on prend l’exemple du cinéma populaire. Aujourd’hui, non seulement la majorité des films américains projetés sur les écrans de toute la planète se déroule aux Etats-Unis, mais on diffuse moins de films étrangers qu’avant. Seulement 3 % de la littérature éditée est étrangère. En France, elle constitue 40 % des publications. Avec l’Amant, Marguerite Duras est le dernier auteur de best-seller aux Etats-Unis. Ça date ! Etudiant dans les années 60, je pouvais trouver sans problème des livres de Maurice Merleau-Ponty en français, dans quelques grandes librairies de New York. Je ne suis pas sûr que ce soit possible aujourd’hui. Je suis très touché de la fermeture définitive de la seule librairie française de New York, sur la Cinquième Avenue.
This post appeared on the front page as a direct link to the original article with the above link
.
It wouldn’t have cost Trump anything to show a clear intent to deter in a strategically crucial moment; it wouldn’t even have undermined his efforts in Ukraine.
The madness lies in asserting something ... contrary to all evidence and intelligence. The method is doing it again and again, relentlessly, at full volume ... This is how Trump became president twice.
It wouldn’t have cost Trump anything to show a clear intent to deter in a strategically crucial moment; it wouldn’t even have undermined his efforts in Ukraine.
one is its industrial military complex that promotes wars for profits for the few.
the second is a privitized health care system that is about to be made universal health care coverage.
also economists that have phd’s and dont understand economics 101. spend more than you make and in time you have a two class system.
the middle class in america has been living on borrowed and printed money for over 25 years.
then you have a complete breakdown of society.
america is heading for third world status in the 21st century. a bankrupt country living on its past by borrowing huge sums of money.
america’s ego is caught up in its super power status. she can no longer afford it but her national ego will not give it up until complete meltdown of its economic system.
obama will actually increase the size of the industrial military complex to make jobs for americans.
what will look like a short term solution will be a long term failure and hasten the decline of american wealth.
much like reagan economics looked good short term now look at that long term outcome. economic meltdown.
two things will bring america to its knees.
one is its industrial military complex that promotes wars for profits for the few.
the second is a privitized health care system that is about to be made universal health care coverage.
also economists that have phd’s and dont understand economics 101. spend more than you make and in time you have a two class system.
the middle class in america has been living on borrowed and printed money for over 25 years.
then you have a complete breakdown of society.
america is heading for third world status in the 21st century. a bankrupt country living on its past by borrowing huge sums of money.
america’s ego is caught up in its super power status. she can no longer afford it but her national ego will not give it up until complete meltdown of its economic system.
obama will actually increase the size of the industrial military complex to make jobs for americans.
what will look like a short term solution will be a long term failure and hasten the decline of american wealth.
much like reagan economics looked good short term now look at that long term outcome. economic meltdown.