Obama’s Phantoms

Published in La Republic
(Peru) on 16 January 2009
by Diego García-Sayán (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Joseph Locatelli. Edited by Louis Standish.
On the 20th, the first president of black origin in the United States takes on an outlook of the same color. With his intelligence and competence, he would seem to have the situation under control. But he has at least four phantoms ahead.

First: the inheritance of Bush. It is a heavy package but one which Obama will be able to undo with his shrewdness. The “phantom” Bush imposed an ultraconservative ideology at the helm that translated in a major internal intolerance and the intensification of international disorder. He left Obama with a disparaged country, two wars in development (Iraq and Afghanistan) and the recession.

Second: the phantom of Obama himself. He will not be able to do everything that he offered during the campaign (universal health care, investment in infrastructure, clean energy, etc.) when finances looked better. The disillusions will appear quickly. It will be indispensable for him to concentrate his plans for government on the most important convincing aspects that change his plan of action for the conditions of the moment.

Third: the recession. As Obama has repeated this week, this is the worst crisis since the great depression of the 30’s.

Everyone is permitted to suspect, furthermore, that we have not yet hit the bottom. While unemployment is already almost three million people, Obama offers to create the same number of jobs. It isn’t clear how he will be able to achieve that. The fiscal deficit will be at least three times bigger than that of 2008; with its 1,200 trillion dollars, it is the biggest since the Second World War as proportion of GNP (8.3%). These figures do not take into account Obama’s package. This could be an uncontrollable contributing factor of future hyperinflation and the depression of the dollar. Will better times come?

Fourth: The United States against the world. Far from contributing to the relaxation of international tensions, Bush intensified them. Maybe Tom Shannon from the State Department to Latin America was the exception; in that region, pragmatism and realpolitik prevailed. These are the blessings of marginality. The reiterated promise of Obama that diplomacy will take command –and not weapons- has its test of fire in the Middle East conflict.

Hillary Clinton recently emphasized in her audience of ratification in the Senate that she will look for a fair and lasting peace agreement between Palestinians and Israelis. If this were to be, diplomacy would be the key. With this she would be backing the narrow valid position of putting all the eggs in one basket (Israel), blockade Gaza and promote the conflicts between the Palestinians. Transcendental announcement then for an “agreement” requires that the actors converse and negotiate. This involves, logically, not only the Israeli government (and others in the region), but all the Palestinian representatives (that is to say, not only Fatah but Hamas also). If this phantom can be overcome by Obama, history will have passed.

Finally, Latin America. As Richard Lagos has said, the agenda is vast: commerce, international finance architecture, climate change, immigration, renewable energy, the drug trade and the fight against organized crime. Perhaps the region isn’t a phantom, but in this agenda there is plenty of fabric to cut and the space to move forward.


Al asumir el 20 como primer Presidente de origen negro en EEUU, el panorama pinta de igual color. Con su inteligencia y solvencia parecería que tiene la situación bajo control. Pero por delante tiene al menos cuatro fantasmas.

Primero: la herencia de Bush. Es un fardo pesado pero del que Obama podrá deshacerse con su sagacidad. El “fantasma” Bush puso una ideología ultraconservadora al timón que se tradujo en mayor intolerancia interna y en la agudización del desorden internacional. Le deja a Obama un país desprestigiado, dos guerras en desarrollo (Irak y Afganistán) y la recesión.

Segundo: el fantasma del propio Obama. No podrá hacer todo lo que ofreció durante la campaña (salud para todos, inversión en infraestructura, energía limpia, etc.), cuando las finanzas pintaban mejor. Las desilusiones irán apareciendo rápidamente. Le será indispensable “concentrar” su plan de gobierno en convincentes aspectos articuladores que ajusten su plan de acción a las condiciones del momento.
Tercero: la recesión. Como Obama lo ha repetido esta semana, esta es la crisis más grave desde la gran depresión de los años 30.

Todo permite sospechar, además, que aún no tocamos fondo. Mientras el desempleo ya bordea los tres millones de personas, Obama ofrece crear igual número de empleos. No está claro cómo podrá lograrlo. El déficit fiscal será al menos tres veces más grande que el del 2008; con sus 1,200 trillones de dólares, es el mayor desde la Segunda Guerra Mundial como porción del PNB (8,3%). Y en esas cifras no está considerado el paquete de Obama. Este puede ser un incontrolable factor contributivo de una futura hiperinflación y de la depreciación del dólar. ¿Vienen tiempos mejores?

Cuarto: EEUU frente al mundo. Lejos de contribuir a relajar las tensiones internacionales, Bush las agudizó. Acaso Tom Shannon desde el Departamento de Estado hacia A. Latina fue la excepción, pues en esta región el pragmatismo y la realpolitik
prevalecieron. Bendiciones de la marginalidad. El reiterado compromiso de Obama de que la diplomacia se pondrá al mando –y ya no las armas– tiene su prueba de fuego en el conflicto en el Medio Oriente.

Hillary Clinton acaba de enfatizar en su audiencia de ratificación en el Senado que se buscará un acuerdo de paz justo y duradero entre palestinos e israelíes. Si así fuera, la diplomacia sería la clave. Con ello quedaría atrás la posición cerril vigente de poner todos los huevos en una canasta (Israel), bloquear a Gaza y fomentar los conflictos entre los palestinos. Anuncio trascendental pues para un “acuerdo” se requiere que los actores concernidos conversen y negocien. Esto involucra, lógicamente, no solo al gobierno de Israel (y a otros en la región) sino a todos los representantes palestinos (es decir, no solo Al Fatah sino Hamas). Si este fantasma puede ser superado por Obama, habrá pasado a la historia.

Finalmente, A. Latina. Como ha dicho Ricardo Lagos, la agenda es vasta: comercio, arquitectura financiera internacional, cambio climático, migraciones, energías renovables, narcotráfico y combate al crimen organizado. La región tal vez no es un “fantasma”, pero en esa agenda hay bastante tela por cortar y espacio para avanzar.

This post appeared on the front page as a direct link to the original article with the above link .

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