The Power of the Israel Lobby

Published in The Choson Ilbo
(South Korea) on 6 March 2012
by Kwang-il Kim (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Jiyoung Han. Edited by Casey J. Skeens.
The American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) opened its annual conference in Washington, D.C. last Sunday. Prominent politicians dropped everything and ran to appeal to their Jewish constituents. Democrat and Republican leaders, Secretaries, and presidential candidates lined up for the chance to give a speech. Roughly one third of U.S. Representatives and half of all Senators stopped by the three-day event.

On the first day, President Obama declared that "Israel’s security is sacrosanct. It is non-negotiable." Clinton and Bush have previously taken similar stances. Each time, such speeches have been ribbed as the President’s “oath of loyalty.” Sometimes called “God’s Group”, AIPAC has approximately 50,000 members. Although this may seem a small proportion of the 6.5 million strong Jewish American population, many influential figures with affluent connections are forming networks behind AIPAC. Indeed, 60 percent of U.S. campaign funds come from Jewish pockets.

After meeting with Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) Chairman Yasser Arafat in 1982, Republican Congressman Paul Findley asserted that, to resolve conflicts in the Middle East, the U.S. would need to implement a more balanced set of policies. Findley thus criticized the pro-Israel bias of American foreign policy. In the elections of that year, Jewish organizations raised money for Findley’s rival Democrat candidate. Findley lost the election, putting an end to his 22-year service in the U.S. Congress. Not long after, Findley wrote a book titled “They Dare to Speak Out”, detailing his altercations with the Israel lobby.

Republican Charles Percy, Democrats George McGovern and Earl Hilliard have also lost elections due to their anti-Israel comments. It’s almost as if the only kind of person allowed to criticize Israeli policies are Israeli Knesset members themselves. In 2007, cartoonist Won-bok Rhie came under fire for his comic series “Far Country, Neighbor Country” when he wrote about how Korean Americans clash with the barriers put up by the Jewish community. After Jewish organizations caught wind of this, the cartoonist came out to say his intentions were not to come off as anti-Semitic. The publisher destroyed the copies of the comic it held in its inventory.

There are 3,500 Jewish organizations in the U.S. and Canada alone. America has exercised its veto power in the U.N. Security Council 32 times for Israel. Nonetheless, President Reagan once went against AIPAC and sold Airborne Early Warning and Control surveillance planes to Saudi Arabia. In 2006, two professors from Harvard University and the University of Chicago wrote a long report criticizing the Israel lobby. Influential newspapers, big figures in finance, prominent scholars and famous columnists are talking about the adverse effects of the Israel lobby, urging America to distance itself. It seems it’s not always so great to be so powerful.


지난 일요일 워싱턴에서 유대계 로비단체 '미·이스라엘 공공정책위(AIPAC)' 연례총회가 열렸다. 유대인들에게 눈도장을 찍으려고 워싱턴 거물 정객들이 만사 제치고 달려왔다. 공화·민주당 원내대표, 주요 장관들, 대선 주자들이 연설 기회를 얻으려고 줄을 섰다. 사흘 총회에 하원의원 3분의 1, 상원의원 절반이 참석했다.

오바마 대통령은 첫날 연설에서 "이스라엘 안보는 너무나 신성해서 협상 대상이 될 수 없다"고 했다. 클린턴이나 부시도 비슷한 연설을 했었다. 그때마다 언론은 '대통령의 충성서약'이라고 비꼬았다. '신(神)의 조직'이라 불리는 아이팍은 회원이 5만명이다. 유대계 미국인 650만에 비하면 적어 보여도, 돈줄을 쥔 큰손들이 아이팍 뒤에 네트워크를 형성하고 있다. 미국 선거자금의 60%가 유대인 호주머니에서 나온다.

1982년 공화당 하원의원 폴 핀들리는 아라파트 PLO 의장을 만난 뒤 "중동문제 해결에 균형 잡힌 정책이 필요하다"고 했다. 미국의 대외정책이 이스라엘 쪽에 치우쳤다는 비판이었다. 유대 단체들은 그해 선거에서 핀들리와 경쟁한 민주당 후보에게 후원금을 몰아줬다. 핀들리는 선거에서 져 22년 의정활동을 접었다. 뒷날 핀들리는 '그들이 큰소리친다'는 책을 내 자기가 어떻게 유대 로비에 당했는지 털어놓았다.

공화당 찰스 퍼시, 민주당 조지 맥거번과 얼 힐리아드 의원도 반(反)이스라엘 발언을 했다가 선거에서 쓴잔을 마셨다. "세계에서 이스라엘 정책을 비판할 수 있는 정치인은 이스라엘 의원뿐"이라는 말이 나올 정도다. 2007년 이원복 교수도 만화 '먼 나라 이웃 나라'에 "재미 한인들은 유대인의 장벽에 번번이 부딪힌다"고 썼다가 혼이 났다. 미국 유대단체가 들고 일어나는 바람에 작가는 "본뜻이 아니다"고 해명했고 출판사는 책 재고를 폐기했다.

미국·캐나다에만 유대 단체가 3500개 있다. 미국은 이스라엘을 위해 안보리 거부권을 32번이나 행사했다. 그러나 레이건처럼 아이팍의 반대를 꺾고 사우디에 공중조기경보기를 판 대통령도 있다. 2006년엔 하버드대·시카고대의 교수 두 사람이 이스라엘 로비를 비판한 장문의 보고서를 발표했다. 최근엔 유력 신문, 금융계 큰손, 명문대 석학, 유명 칼럼니스트가 잇따라 '이스라엘 로비의 역효과'를 경고하며, "미국이여, 유대인 로비에서 벗어나라"는 목소리를 높이고 있다. 강한 게 언제까지나 좋기만 한 건 아닌 모양이다.
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