The Puzzle of Guantanamo Bay

Published in Le Temps
(Switzerland) on 3 December 2012
by Stéphane Bussard (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Stuart Taylor. Edited by Gillian Palmer.
When you talk to him about the Guantanamo Bay detention camp, a symbol of the years of torture under the Bush administration, he does not mince his words. Last Thursday, during a Congressional debate about Guantanamo, Lindsey Graham, South Carolina’s Republican senator, even resorted to hyperbole to express his feelings: “Most Americans believe that the people at Guantanamo Bay are not some kind of burglar or bank robber. They are bent on our destruction. And I stand with the American people that we’re under siege, we’re under attack and we’re at war. Simply stated, the American people don’t want to close Guantanamo Bay, which is an isolated, military-controlled facility, to bring these crazy bastards that want to kill us all to the United States.” Addressing those who think that it would be a good idea to close the prison located on American soil in Cuba, he speculates that they have forgotten the 9/11 attacks all too quickly: “Have you lost your mind? We’re at war. Act like you’re at war.”

Lindsey Graham is not just anyone. These days, he is on every television channel, criticizing the potential candidate for the Secretary of State to replace Hillary Clinton, Susan Rice. The senator is a member of Congress who has often been seen jet-setting across the planet with senators John McCain and Joe Lieberman.

Recently, The New York Times took a completely different position in an editorial, revealing that Guantanamo Bay is still a stain that contaminates American democracy. The daily newspaper recognizes that Barack Obama has not made life easy for himself by trying to keep his promise to close the infamous prison during his first year in the White House. During the electoral campaign, he was virtually never questioned on the topic of Guantanamo. However, on the Daily Show with Jon Stewart on Comedy Central, the president nonetheless expressed his ongoing desire to close the prison.

Today, it is principally Congress that is preventing the progress of the case. Congress is making the transfer of the 90 prisoners still detained in Cuba back to their country of origin practically impossible. In two years, there has been almost no transfer of this type. So far, it is even less probable that the prisoners will be transferred to courts on American soil. Human rights and civil rights defense organizations are speaking out. They condemn the fact that we do not wish to give the same judicial rights to Muslims. They are asking Barack Obama to counter his veto on the 2013 adoption of the National Defense Authorization Act, which sets down demands for such transfers to be respected.


Quand on lui parle de la prison de Guantanamo (photo: manifestation devant la Cour suprême de Washington/Saul Loeb/AFP), symbole des années de torture sous l'administration de George W. Bush, il ne mâche pas ses mots. Jeudi dernier, lors d'un débat au Congrès sur Guantanamo, le sénateur républicain de Caroline du Sud Lindsey Graham a même recouru à l'hyperbole pour exprimer ses sentiments: "La plupart des Américains pensent que les gens (détenus) à Guantanamo ne sont pas de simples cambrioleurs ou braqueurs de banques. Ils veulent notre destruction. Et comme le peuple américain, j'estime que nous sommes assiégés, que nous sommes attaqués, que nous sommes en guerre. Les Américains ne veulent pas fermer Guantanamo, un établissement militaire isolé, contrôlé par les militaires et apporter ces bâtards fous (crazy bastards) aux Etats-Unis car ils veulent tous nous tuer." S'adressant à ceux qui pensent qu'il serait une bonne idée de fermer la prison sise sur la portion de territoire américain de Cuba, il relève qu'ils ont oublié un peu vite les attentats du 11 septembre 2001: "Vous avez perdu la raison? Nous sommes en guerre. Agissez comme si vous étiez en guerre."

Lindsey Graham n'est pas n'importe qui. Ces jours, il est passé sur toutes les chaînes de télévision pour fustiger la candidate potentielle au poste de secrétaire d'Etat pour remplacer Hillary Clinton, Susan Rice. Le sénateur est une figure du Congrès qu'on a même souvent vu sillonner la planète avec les sénateurs John McCain et Joe Lieberman.

Récemment, le New York Times prenait une tout autre position dans un éditorial, relevant que la prison de Guantanamo reste une tâche qui souille la démocratie américaine. Le quotidien reconnaît que Barack Obama n'a pas eu la vie facile pour tenir sa promesse de fermer l'infâme prison au cours de sa première année à la Maison-Blanche. Durant la campagne électorale, il n'a quasiment jamais été question de Guantanamo. Lors du Daily Show de Jon Stewart, sur Comedy Central toutefois, le président a néanmoins manifesté sa volonté de toujours vouloir fermer la prison.

Aujourd'hui, c'est surtout le Congrès qui bloque toute évolution du dossier. Ce dernier pose des conditions impossibles pour le transfèrement des 90 prisonniers encore détenus à Cuba vers leur pays d'origine. En deux ans, il n'y a quasiment eu aucun transfèrement de ce type. Il est, à ce stade, encore moins probable que les prisonniers soient transférés vers des cours de justice sur sol américain. Les organisations de défense des droits de l'homme et des droits civiques s'insurgent. Elles déplorent le fait qu'on ne souhaite pas accorder les mêmes droits à la justice à des musulmans. Elles demandent à Barack Obama d'opposer son veto à l'adoption pour 2013 du National Defense Authorization Act qui posent les exigences à respecter pour de tels transfèrements.
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