The American Oscars, the World’s Best Ideological and Political Awards

Published in Huanqiu
(China) on 26 February 2013
by Zhong Xueping (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Ann Kubusek. Edited by Lydia Dallett.
Once a year, the smell of Oscars is in the air. Remember “River Elegy” with the “yellowness of the Eastern civilization” and the “blueness of the Western civilization?” That type of dualistic ideology that was so prevalent in the eighties.* Each of us “New Epoch” university students all firmly believed the Oscars to be the most advanced form of production. All anybody needed to do was slightly touch upon the matter and we would all come running. The less one sees, the more there will be to wonder at. We actually believed that we were being enlightened.

But nowadays, we have entered a new era where “nothing is shocking anymore." What the Oscars represent is still Hollywood’s most advanced form of production. At least there is almost always a person to stand up and shout that the “emperor” is not wearing any clothing. But this emperor is not shy; he lords over his powerful productivity where superstructure is determined by its foundation. At least his nakedness is on display in front of everyone; his image is reflected in the eyes of the vast majority of people, and it is clothed in splendid attire.

This shows that you can’t underestimate the level and strength of Hollywood’s propaganda: love for your country (America) and your family, praise for the hero (imperialism), reverence of “individuality” in its highest form and spreading the essence of “humanity.” All this while simultaneously manufacturing the celebrity industry and continuously improving and perfecting the control and production of the audiences’ desire; simultaneously promoting violence and covering up the reality of violence and injustice by using “righteousness” to “justify”; simultaneously promoting your “universal value” and covering up your imperialistic nature. All the while ensuring that consumption and reproduction continue, and ensuring the reproduction of the value system.

Now that’s skill! It’s obviously propaganda, but yet the propagator himself shows contempt for the word!

The majority of films that were nominated this year were rather “somber.” They weren’t concerned with hostages, but with the Negro slave; they weren’t concerned with mental illnesses, but with savage torture. Yet the nature of the propaganda did not change.
I recently read “Argo.” This film was nominated for eight awards, including for best film. It was based on true historical events — how six American Embassy workers escaped Iran during Iran’s 1979 Islamic Revolution. During a recent interview with former President Carter, he was asked about the movie. He said that he liked it, but that it was not consistent with the real events that had taken place. The movie’s hero, the Central Intelligence Agent, really only stayed in Iran for one and a half days, and the six Foreign Service Consulars, who stayed in the Canadian Embassy for over eighty days, really did receive more protection from the Canadian Embassy than was portrayed. I really thank Carter for his truthful words. When my friend and I went to the movie theater to see “Argo,” we were totally aware of the propaganda parts of the film, but we weren’t sure if the deliberately-focused “event” in the movie was true. Besides the inaccuracies that Carter pointed out, the diplomats never went to the bazaar; therefore, it was impossible for them to experience the Iranians’ enmity as deliberately depicted in the movie. And I don’t think I need to mention that the car chase to the airport was fictional. Of course, just based on the history of Hollywood movies, we can judge if the ending was fictional or not — to say nothing of its representation of the “enemies” and the “others.”

There were even more comments for the nominated film “Lincoln.” A commentator for Boston Public Radio [BPR] stated that there were a few historical inaccuracies in the film. One inaccuracy, in particular, is when the senators are voting on the passage of the 13th Amendment to the Constitution, which would abolish slavery. The film did not use the senators’ real names but instead used the names of the states represented by the senators. Connecticut’s state name got smeared by the movie when it inaccurately used Connecticut as the state that was opposing Lincoln’s amendment. The [commentator’s] interviewee sighed that this part of history is being subverted by Hollywood and, unbeknownst to the public, it will now have Hollywood’s representation of history as the “true” history.

The commentator [of the BPR show] appeared very naïve, and the interviewee sighed, knowing that this is turning into a regular phenomenon. If she [the commentator] were reporting in another country, it’s very likely that she would participate in the production of falsifying historical accounts. Some of the untruthful accounts in her own country, because of internal conflict and different standpoints, are able to be recognized and sometimes rectified. Even though most reporting is not truthful, often only a few [errors] can be corrected, and most are readily accepted by the masses. But, in the case of other cultures and so-called “hostile” countries, due to bias and ignorance, the reporting is riddled with mistakes and rarely ever gets corrected.

Presently in China, there are some people who start off at this standpoint and some who follow the general trend. But it does not matter if it’s reasonable or justified “propaganda” — most Chinese will regard it with contempt. They are more willing to criticize themselves and more likely to regard official propaganda with skepticism and suspicion. There is nothing bad about cool-headed criticism and suspicion. Take Lu Xun as an example.** For the Chinese who have experienced the revolution, political consciousness often offers another lens for comparison. The key is that when you are doubting yourself and the whole power structure that is disseminating propaganda, be sure not to be tricked by other people. If you ingest other people’s propaganda like medicine, soon you will find that not only has it not helped your sickness but it [has caused] quite the opposite. You will find yourself even sicker with vomit and diarrhea and you will collapse from weakness. You will find yourself naked, bowed down before the emperor.

Recently the media, the newly rich and their representatives happily further reform, marketization and privatization. Even people who have neutral feelings toward China will snicker at the stupid propaganda. In China, it really is like that. Take these different types of “economic” conferences, seminars and interviews taking place at mainstream media venues: None of the reporting is being criticized. This type of reform-furthering, in the name of “revolution,” to promote the capitalist’s propaganda of the “truth,” is just like the Oscars. They find a name for themselves, with eagerness and zest, while their eyes are closed, laughing all the way to the bank, and it’s your money with which they are running off.

*Editor’s note: “River Elegy” is a six-part documentary shown on China Central Television in 1988 which portrayed the decline of traditional Chinese culture.

**Editor’s note: Lu Xun or Lu Hsün was the pen name of Zhou Shuren, a major Chinese writer of the 20th century.


钟雪萍:美国奥斯卡,世界最佳思想政治工作奖
2013-02-26 10:29环球网
302
字号:TT
  “观察者网”2月24日文章 原题:奥斯卡最佳思想政治工作奖 一年一度又闻奥斯卡。想当初,在《河殇》那种“蓝色文明胜黄色文明”的二元论思维盛行的八十年代,我们这些“新时代”的大学生,个个坚信奥斯卡代表人类最先进生产力,只要跟它沾边,我们一定趋之若鹜。少见多怪,却以为被启蒙。

  不过,在如今多见不怪的时代里,奥斯卡所代表的,仍然是好莱坞的最先进生产力。尽管每每总有人站出来,说这“皇帝”赤身裸体,但皇帝不害羞,高踞强大的生产力之上,基础决定上层,尽管赤身裸体地站在众人面前,反射在绝大多数人眼里的,却是皇帝精美华丽的(名牌)盛装。晃你眼没商量。

  这一上一下,一折一射,显示出的是不可小觑的好莱坞所代表的宣传水准及其力度:爱(美)国爱家庭,颂(帝国)英雄,赞“个人”至上,扬“人道”精神,将精英打扮成平民,在制造明星产业的同时不断完善对大众欲望的操控和生产,在弘扬暴力的同时遮蔽真实的暴力和不公,并以“正义”为其“正名”,在弘扬“普世价值”的同时遮蔽帝国主义的本质,好坏通吃。即保证消费和再生产的延续,又保证某种价值体系的再生产。


  那水平!明明是宣传,却能让被宣传者对“宣传”二字嗤之以鼻!

  今年被提名的片子大多比较“严肃”,不是关于人质,就是关于黑奴,不是关于精神疾病,就是关于酷刑。但其“宣传”的本质不变。

  最近抽空看了《Argo》(《逃离德黑兰》)。该片得八项提名,包括最佳影片奖提名。此片基于真实历史事件,关于1979年伊朗伊斯兰革命时,美国六位使馆人员如何成功“逃离”伊朗。据说,美国前总统卡特,因时任总统,在最近的一次采访中,被问及这部电影。他说看了,很喜欢,但它与历史真实不符:影片中的那位来自中央情报局的英雄,其实在伊朗只停留了一天半。而那六位在加拿大使馆呆了80多天的外交官,更多的是受到加拿大的保护。还得感谢卡特说了点真话:我跟朋友看完电影走出剧院,完全清楚自己又被宣传了一把,但对其中刻意聚焦的“事件”的真假并不清楚。除了卡特所说,后来还得知,那些外交官也根本没有到过什么巴扎市场,所以不可能经历影片中刻意描述伊朗人的那种敌意;更不用说,他们也没有经历结尾表现的那个汽车追飞机的场面。当然,这种最后场景,基本上可以根据好莱坞电影史来判断真假;好莱坞好这口,跟真假无关。至于其对“敌人”或“他者”的再现就更不用说了。

  在评论获提名更多的《林肯》时,一位评论人对波士顿公众电台说,其中也有不少历史上不曾发生的事。其中有一个小小的细节,因其不真实,引来康涅狄克州的抗议:影片在描述参议员投票赞成或者反对废除奴隶制的宪法第十三补充案时,没有按事实用每个参议员的名字,而是用了他们所代表的州名;康州的州名就在影片试图反映林肯的反对派时给“污名”了。采访人感叹道,这些历史的真实在好莱坞的“颠覆”下,不为大众所知,人们以后会把好莱坞生产的历史作为真实的历史。

  这位主持人显得天真,感叹着早已是规律性的现象,甚至不知道她自己在报道其它国家时,不见得就没参与制造并重复历史不真实的做法。自己国家中的某些不真实,因为自身内部存在不同的立场而被指出,有时还得以纠正,尽管绝大多数的报导即使不真实,也往往只有少数得以纠正,更多的则被大众接受。但是,关于其它文化尤其是所谓敌对国,源于无知和立场偏见的错误百出,但纠正率几乎为零。

  在当今中国,很多人,有的出于立场,有的随大流,对国内的“宣传”无论是否有理大都嗤之以鼻,与美国民众相比,更愿意批判自己,对官方“宣传”有更大的戒备和怀疑。头脑清醒的批评和怀疑以鲁迅为榜样,没什么不好。经历过革命的中国老百姓里,藏龙卧虎,政治意识往往会在多个比较熟悉的层面上被激活。关键在于,在怀疑自身所处的权力结构及其宣传时,不要被别人的宣传晃了眼,把别人的宣传当补药吃,结果不但没有对症下药,反而让自己更加上吐下泻,更加虚脱无力,进而因双膝无力而拜倒在赤裸裸的皇帝面前。

  最近有媒体,新富,加上他们的代言人,大肆宣传进一步改革就是进一步市场化、进一步私有化。这种连对中国不怀好意的人们都会私下偷笑为愚蠢的宣传,在中国却真那么会事似的,以各种“经济学”大会、研讨会、访谈的形式发生着,并在一些主流媒体上被毫无批判地报导着。这种以深化“改革”之名,行深化资本主义之实的宣传,跟奥斯卡奖一样,为自己找个名义,为自己敲锣打鼓,在晃瞎你眼睛的同时,自己偷笑着奔向银行(laughing all the way to the bank),而且是带着你的钱跑去的。(作者为美国塔夫茨大学教授兼中文部主任)
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