U.S. Companies Are Casualties of PRISM

Published in Sina
(China) on 5 August 2013
by Fang Xingdong (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Renee Loeffler. Edited by Robert O'Connor  .
PRISM whistle-blower Snowden was recently granted asylum in Russia, found a place to stay and is getting ready to look for a job. Snowden is just beginning to get out of his difficulties, whereas problems for U.S. multinational enterprises affected by the incident are just beginning.

In the past, people have had criticism and questions regarding relations between U.S. enterprises and the U.S. government, but most accusations stop at conjecture and individual incidents without any further investigation. PRISM is the first tangible relationship between the government and companies. All aspects of the program have come to light and this information has ravaged the faith and trust with which the world looks at U.S. enterprises. Although the first incidents just have a total of nine companies involved, including Google, Microsoft and Apple, this is enough to outright stun people because they include the core of U.S. technology enterprises. In reality, U.S. enterprises and the U.S. government have really become something of their own economic zone, using this type of strategic system to monitor the world.

We believe U.S. multinational enterprises aren't willing to succumb to U.S. government politics and be used as a security tool. However, they are being used as a U.S. security attack strategy. Let's remember the incident in 2012 with Huawei and Zhongxing. The US Congress made an announcement “politely refusing” to let Huawei and Zhongxing products be sold on the U.S. market. Now we have a sudden realization: To allow Cisco and others companies to stay competitive, Rep. Mike Rogers and other politicians “unwaveringly” shot down Huawei and Zhongxing not as a means of security defense, but as a means of security offense to hinder Cisco's competition outside the country. They understand that Huawei, Zhongxing and other non-U.S. companies cannot work with the U.S. National Security Agency and other organizations to fulfill the government's mission of monitoring the world.

Currently, only the U.S. has enough strength to carry out this type of offensive security strategy, and only U.S. enterprises have the ability to work with the U.S. government toward their goals. They have already become an important sector controlled by the U.S. government to monitor the entire internet, presenting the image of a pure market to the public while evading responsibility. The main Cisco internet servers and routers operate using Windows with Intel CPUs, while many others use Apple and IBM mainframes, and these companies have branches around the world completely dominating technology's role in society. This results in unrivaled market dominance, fulfilling the U.S. government's desire to monitor and snoop on the world's Internet users, and they are using this market dominance to their complete advantage.

U.S. multinational enterprises should not be tools of the government. If they have no choice but to become tools according to government needs, then how can other countries, including U.S. allies, be at ease with these companies? How can the safety of Internet users worldwide be ensured? Of course, no matter whether it is an objective fact or a global trend, complaining to U.S. enterprises is not something other countries can do easily. However, countries who want to defend their information rights and Internet user safety need to start implementing measures to be vigilant.

Especially for China, who has consistently been made into a fake enemy by the U.S., PRISM is the first big sign for concern and a sincere wake-up call. First, in forming policies and law, we must ask these U.S. enterprises that operate in China to respect the law. Next, we must make an assessment of information infrastructure's security problems, objectives and systems. Last, in expanding these infrastructures, they must go through effective methods and procedures to ensure that they are defensive and on guard.

We hope that, through the PRISM leaks, U.S. enterprises can have the opportunity to use lawful methods, enforcing change from the foundation up, instead of passively acting as security agents for the U.S. government again. We must also ensure that these corporations do not become casualties of the government's abuse of authority. However, for now, we can only hope.


方兴东:美跨国企业是“棱镜门”炮灰

2013年08月05日07:18 环球时报 我有话说(2人参与)

  方兴东

  “棱镜门”揭秘者斯诺登最近获得俄罗斯避难许可,并找到住处,准备找工作。但与他脱困形成对比,美国跨国企业直接受事件影响,已成为热锅上的蚂蚁。

  过去,人们对美国企业与美国政府之间的关系都有批评和质疑,但大多数停留在猜测和个别事件的层面。而“棱镜门”第一次将两者关系真切、全面地展现,将极大摧残全球对美国企业的一贯信任和信心。虽然第一批披露出来的虽然只有谷歌、微软、苹果等9家企业,但已足够令人触目惊心,因为它们基本涵盖美国高科技领域最具代表性的核心企业。事实上,美国企业与美国政府已形成“前店后厂”的全球监控体系。

  我们相信,美国跨国企业并非心甘情愿沦为美国政府的政治与安全工具。但本质上说,它们却是美国进攻型安全战略的炮灰。回想2012年华为、中兴事件,美国国会报告以国家安全名义“谢绝”华为、中兴进入美国市场。现在,我们会有一种恍然大悟的感觉:顺应思科等竞争对手的推动,罗杰斯等政客“果断”狙击华为中兴,不是为了防范防御的需要,而是为了进攻的需要,顺便帮思科将竞争对手挡在国门外。他们明白华为、中兴等非美国企业,不可能配合美国国家安全局等机构执行监控全球的任务。

  目前,全球范围内只有美国有足够实力实行进攻型安全战略,而只有美国跨国企业才可能很好地配合美国政府。它们已成为美国政府掌控和监控全球互联网的重要环节,一直以纯粹市场形象示人的它们难逃干系。由互联网根服务器、骨干网思科路由器、数亿台使用Windows系统、英特尔CPU的电脑,数亿部苹果iPhone和IBM大型机等构建的全产业链,完整覆盖整个生态。借助这种全球独一无二的绝对垄断性优势,美国政府要监控和窥探全球网民可谓近水楼台。

  美国跨国企业不应该是国家的工具。如果它们不得不受命于美国政府的需要,那么包括美国盟友在内的其他国家如何能对这些企业放心?全球网民的权益如何才能有效保障?当然,无论是客观现实还是全球趋势,世界各国不可能对美国企业简单说不。但是对所有想维护国家信息主权和网民安全的国家来说,都需要开始采取足够的保护和防范措施。

  尤其是一直被美国作为假想敌的中国,“棱镜门”是一次极大的警示,也是一次深切的启蒙:首先,我们必须在政策和法律上要求这些美国企业在中国必须遵守法律;其次,我们必须对现有的信息基础设施的历史存量的安全问题做出深入、客观、系统的评估;最后,对于基础设施的增量部分,必须通过有效的技术手段和程序,确保增量部分的有效防范与防御。

  我们愿意乐观地期望,通过“棱镜门”的曝光,美国企业能够借机利用法律等手段,从根本上改变自己非常被动的现有局面,不再充当美国安全战略的工具,以及美国政客和政府滥用权力的牺牲品。但是,目前这仅是美好的愿望。▲(作者是浙江传媒学院互联网与社会研究中心主任、互联网实验室创始人)
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