Why Are Americans PessimisticAbout the Future?

Published in People's Daily
(China) on 7 January 2014
by Editorial (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Xiangyi (Apple)Jia. Edited by Laurence Bouvard.
America’s commentators often reference author P.J. O'Rourke to explain the complicated emotions that the majority of the world’s people have toward this country. In 1984, when O’Rourke was working in Lebanon, he was frequently stopped at checkpoints that Hezbollah had set up. One time, the guards were a group of armed young men wearing the words "Kill America, Satan, the Devil," and when O’Rourke showed his U.S. passport, one of them began rebuking him, "Tell me, poverty, war, injustice, Zionism — why has America created all the horrible disasters in the world?" Finally, the young man ended his reprimands and told O’Rourke of his career plans to go to Dearborn, Michigan and become a dentist.

Foreign commentators have grown accustomed to people sharply criticizing America, while unwillingly casting envious looks toward this very country.

What is the definition of America? Some say it is "paradise." What is paradise? Perhaps, a complex definition would make the situation difficult to comprehend. Simply put, paradise is a place where common people can live comfortably, and it is with this dream that many illegal immigrants run risks to arrive in America.

However, this is all in the past. O’Rourke’s example took place in 1984. Nowadays, most people are no longer as passionate about the American dream, while America’s appeal is also no longer as dazzlingly brilliant.

Let us return to Americans themselves. According to the newest survey conducted by The Associated Press, the great majority of U.S. citizens believe that American life will fall into a vicious cycle, facing a downhill slide until 2050. They also believe that the current standard of living is worse than 40 years ago. Although the "notably pessimistic are middle-age and older people," the young have more reason to be disappointed about the future.

This can already be seen in American mainstream media. Not long ago, The Washington Post published columnist Robert J. Samuelson’s article, which clearly pointed out that the U.S. has fallen into a "clash of generations" since paying benefits to the elderly happens at the cost of sacrificing the interests of the young. Although the editor of The National Interest denies shattering the American dream, he does admit that because of the aging population and suffocating subsidy programs, it is not surprising that future generations lack faith in the economy.

Many young Americans are choosing to study abroad, in contrast to the former situation where foreigners came to the U.S. to be educated. Last year, approximately 250,000 young people studied abroad, whereas 10 years ago this number was merely 125,000. Firsthand experience abroad has allowed these young Americans to realize that many other countries perform better than the U.S. in certain matters.

The American dream has perhaps turned into reality in other countries — with affordable universal health care and a comprehensive public transportation network.

What is worse is the rigidity of the political system. More members of Congress are busy fundraising, while more U.S. media companies are making money a priority, leading to endless, irresponsible news reports. On top of this, the U.S. Constitution advocates the separation of powers, but it is exactly the balance of powers that is causing the political impasse and absence of consensus on all major issues.

However, it is comforting to American analysts and commentators that there are bright prospects for energy independence, with technological advances playing a key role. Nonetheless, they do admit that the two major parties working in conjunction to stimulate economic growth will be the biggest driving force, but it is quite the challenge for them to come to an agreement.


美国的评论员经常引用作家奥鲁尔克的例子来说明世界上多数国家的人对美国的复杂情感。1984年,奥鲁尔克在黎巴嫩工作时,经常被真主党设置的检查站拦下。有一次,一群荷枪实弹、身穿“杀死美国撒旦恶魔”字样的少年人在那里把守。当他出示美国护照时,一个少年开始痛斥他:“跟我说说,贫穷、战争、不公、犹太复国主义——为什么这个世界的可怕灾难都是美国造成的?”终于,少年停止了数落,告诉奥鲁尔克自己的职业规划:去密歇根州的迪尔伯恩学做牙医。
  外国观察家们也已经习惯了很多人一边痛斥美国,一边不情愿地向这个国家投以羡慕的目光。
  美国的定义是什么?有人说那是“天堂”。“天堂”是什么?也许复杂的定义可能会让事情变得不易理解。简单点说,就是一个普通人也能舒舒服服生活的地方。怀揣着这个梦想,许多非法移民甘冒风险来到美国。
  但这都是过去。奥鲁尔克的例子发生在1984年。现在,众多人对美国梦的憧憬不再像以前那么痴狂,美国的吸引力也不再像以前那么辉煌耀眼。
  还是说美国人自己吧。据美联社主导的一项最新调查显示,大多数美国民众认为,美国生活将会一直走下坡路至2050年,落入恶性循环数十年,而且认为现在生活比40年前还差。虽然多数悲观者为中老年人,但年轻人更有理由对未来表示失望。
  这在美国的主流媒体上已经有所体现。《华盛顿邮报》在前不久刊登了专栏作家罗伯特·J·塞缪尔森的文章。文章明确指出,美国正在陷入一场代际之间的冲突,因为支付老人福利的做法正在牺牲年轻人的利益。美国《国家利益》杂志的编辑虽然不承认美国梦正在破灭,但也承认,由于未来日益老龄化的人口以及越来越沉重的津贴计划,未来几代人对经济信心不足也就不足为奇。
  与以前外国人到美国接受教育的情况相反,越来越多的美国年轻人开始到国外接受教育。去年,大约25万年轻人到其他国家就读,而10年前,这个数字仅为12.5万。海外的直接经验让这些人意识到,在一些事情上,许多国家比美国做得更好。
  “美国梦”也在许多其他国家成为现实——低廉的全民医疗保健、宽广的飞机场以及辐射四方的公共交通网。
  更要命的是,美国政治制度已显僵化。更多的国会议员为筹款而忙碌,更多的美国媒体以赚钱为目的,不负责任的报道层出不穷。另外,美国宪法主张三权分立、联邦和州分立,这种制衡导致现在的政治僵局,在一切重大事情上,各方很难达成共识。
  令美国的分析评论者稍感欣慰的是,能源独立已经可以看到光明前景,技术进步也将发挥关键作用,但他们也承认,最大的推动力是两个政党一起考虑如何刺激经济增长,而这一点要达成共识却确实很难。
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