Detection of the Most Pernicious Toxin: Thorough Investigation Responsibility of Japanese and US Governments

Published in Ryūkyū Shimpō
() on 28 October 2014
by Editorial (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Hirotoshi Kimura. Edited by Nicholas Eckart.
Just a year and four months ago in the residues of drums discovered in a soccer field in Okinawa, Japan, which was once part of the Kaneda Air Base of the U.S., the most pernicious of any dioxin substance was detected in high concentration. The U.S. military has been too irresponsible in not trying to investigate who buried what there. And by its glaring inaction, the same share of blame should be apportioned to the Japanese government. It is a smack in the face of Okinawans that Japan doesn’t give a hoot about their lives and health. Both governments should undertake an immediate, comprehensive and thorough investigation.

The substance was found to be 2,3,7,8-TCDD, both highly teratogenic and carcinogenic. Since hardly any trace of another defoliant known as 2,4-D was detected, we can rule out, for now at least, the notorious Agent Orange. But we could conceivably be dealing with Agents Pink and Green, the most toxic of eight defoliants deployed by the U.S. in Vietnam.

Hideaki Miyata, one of the foremost dioxin researchers and professor emeritus of Setsunan University, analyzed the results of an investigation conducted by Okinawa City as part of the soccer field research and review project by Citizens’ Network for Biodiversity in Okinawa. This analysis was made public thanks to the efforts of a citizen group. Given that the soccer field was formerly part of a U.S. military base, is it too preposterous to wonder if this shouldn’t have been conducted by the governments of the U.S. and Japan?

Dioxins don’t dissolve in soil; they remain stable for a long time. That’s why they are still found, even after 50 years, as in this case. Drums decompose, so it is conceivable that they have been buried in other containers in which case they would easily elude metal detectors. As Miyata points out, both governments should conduct meticulous, equally spaced boring searches, also vertically.

Agents Pink and Orange were used in the first half of the Vietnam War as defoliants, and in the second half, Agent Orange was mainly used. Seventy percent of defoliants used in Vietnam were Agent Orange. Trying to downplay the issue, the U.S. and Japan insist that only Agent Orange was a defoliant; others were merely herbicides.

It is a minor quibble whether or not the substance in question is Agent Orange; rather, the issue here is that a most vicious toxin has been detected. Isn’t a thorough investigation the responsibility of the two governments?

It is also unacceptable that the use of the land was not made public. This kind of inaction would never have been ignored in the United States.

In 2012, the U.S. embarked on the disposal of defoliants in Vietnam in collaboration with the Vietnamese government. If the U.S. calls Japan its ally, it owes Japan the same kind of responsibility to dispose of the toxins on its bases in Okinawa.


米軍基地返還跡地の沖縄市サッカー場のドラム缶付着物から、ダイオキシン類の中でも最凶の毒物が高濃度で見つかった。
 毒物発見から1年4カ月がたつ。いまだに誰が何を埋めたのか調べようとしない米軍は無責任過ぎる。それを放置する日本政府も同罪で、沖縄住民の生命・健康などどうでもいいと言わんばかりだ。両政府は直ちに包括的、徹底的に調査すべきだ。
 見つかったのは2・3・7・8-TeCDD(四塩化ジベンゾ-パラ-ジオキシン)だ。高い催奇形性(妊娠中の摂取で胎児に障がいが起きる可能性)や発がん性を持つ。別の除草剤2・4-Dがほとんど検出されないため、有名な枯れ葉剤・オレンジ剤の可能性は低くなった。だがベトナム戦争で米軍が使った8種の枯れ葉剤のうち最も毒性が強いピンク剤、グリーン剤だった可能性がある。
 ダイオキシン研究の第一人者・宮田秀明摂南大学名誉教授が沖縄・生物多様性市民ネットワークのサッカー場監視評価プロジェクトの一環で、沖縄市の調査結果を分析した。市民団体の取り組みで初めて明らかになったわけだ。基地跡地なのだから本来、日米両政府が自らなすべき調査ではないか。
 ダイオキシンは土壌で分解せず、長期間安定的に存続する。だから今回のように50年たっても発見される。ドラム缶は腐食するし、別の物に入れて埋められた可能性もある。金属探知機での調査だけでは不十分だ。宮田氏が指摘するように、日米両政府は細かく等間隔でボーリング調査し、垂直方向でも詳細に調査すべきだ。
 ピンク剤やオレンジ剤は枯れ葉剤としてベトナム戦争の前半に使われ、後期には主にオレンジ剤が使われた。ベトナムで使われた枯れ葉剤の7割がオレンジ剤だ。日米両政府はオレンジ剤だけが枯れ葉剤だと主張し、他を除草剤と称して問題を矮小(わいしょう)化している。
 だがオレンジ剤か否かなど、さまつな問題にすぎない。最悪の毒物が検出された事実が問題なのだ。徹底調査は政府の責務ではないか。
 米軍が土地の履歴をいまだに明らかにしないのも問題だ。米本国では決して許されないはずだ。
 米国は2012年、ベトナム政府と協力してベトナムでの枯れ葉剤処理に乗り出した。日本を同盟国と呼ぶなら、沖縄の基地ではそれ以上に除去の義務があるはずだ。
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