Obama the Fighter

Published in El País
(Spain) on 22 January 2015
by Editorial (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Miriam Rosen. Edited by Nicholas Eckart.
Early Wednesday morning, on the special stage where each year the State of the Union address is given, Barack Obama projected the image of a president of the United States that has redoubled his initiative, ready to face his remaining two years in office as a politician who will not just wait in the White House to see how his successor comes in. It's another thing whether he lives up to it.

Facing a Congress that is in the hands of his Republican opponents, Obama respectfully, as is his habit, sought to distance himself as much as possible from the image of a “sitting duck” that has nothing more to accomplish and spoke directly — also his habit — to the middle class. ''We are turning the page,'' he announced, referring to the recovery after the crisis. The big statistics support him: Unemployment is at 5.6 percent and the economy grew 5 percent in the last quarter of 2014. But it is no less true that a part of the middle class doesn't see in their everyday lives the improvement reflected in these statistics. The wave of the crisis, with its destruction of jobs and loss of purchasing power in depressed areas and sectors in bankruptcy, has left a mark from which it will take some time to recover.

One of the risks facing U.S. society is the growing disparity between those who have been able to ride out the crisis and those who, after having suffered through it, aren't capable of getting on the recovery train: those who cannot turn the page. For this reason, Obama used the word ''inequality'' as one of the keywords of his speech.

But it will be difficult for the president to go ahead with measures such as increasing taxes on the wealthy — among other things, to allow fiscal relief to the middle class —, raising the minimum wage and making education more accessible. Congress is openly hostile to the White House and the Republican Party is immersed in its own pre-electoral campaign in which any concession to a Democratic president with a history of being unpopular could ruin ambitious political careers.

Obama is perfectly conscious of his situation: what he is doing by proposing measures that are impossible for this Congress to deal with is fixing the terms of the next Election Day, Nov. 8, 2016, when the Democrats will attempt to keep the White House and totally or partially recover Congress. With the economic battles established on the horizon, international issues — about which there is not much to brag — stayed in the background. The word Iraq was spoken only twice, for example.

In this address, Barack Obama has lived the most “Reagan” moment of his presidency. He wants to convince his fellow Americans that the country has changed decisively, that it has moved past the crisis and that it is at last on the right path. What many Americans are hoping now is that his words become true for them personally.


En el escenario privilegiado que supone cada año el discurso del Estado de la Unión, Barack Obama proyectó en la madrugada del miércoles la imagen de un presidente de EE UU que ha retomado la iniciativa, dispuesto a afrontar los dos años que le quedan de mandato como un político que no se limitará a esperar en la Casa Blanca a ver cómo llega su sucesor. Otra cosa es que lo logre.

Frente a un Congreso en manos de la oposición republicana, pero respetuoso, como es habitual, Obama buscó alejarse al máximo de la imagen de pato cojo al que no le queda nada por hacer y quiso hablar directamente —recurso también habitual, por otra parte— a las clases medias. “Pasamos página”, les anunció, refiriéndose a la recuperación de la crisis. Las grandes cifras le avalan: el desempleo está en el 5,6% y la economía creció un 5% en el último trimestre de 2014. Pero no es menos cierto que parte de esas mismas clases medias no terminan de ver en su vida cotidiana la mejora que reflejan las estadísticas. La marea de la crisis, con una fuerte destrucción de empleo y con pérdidas de poder adquisitivo en zonas deprimidas y sectores en bancarrota, ha dejado huellas que llevará tiempo superar.

Uno de los riesgos que afronta la sociedad estadounidense es el aumento de las disparidades entre los que han podido capear la crisis y quienes, después de haberla sufrido, no son capaces de subirse al tren de la recuperación: aquellos que no pueden pasar página. Por eso Obama convirtió la palabra “desigualdad” en una de las claves de su discurso.

Pero es difícil que este presidente pueda sacar adelante medidas como la subida de impuestos a los más ricos —entre otras cosas, para permitir alivios fiscales a las clases medias—, la elevación del salario mínimo y más facilidades en el acceso a la educación. El Congreso es abiertamente hostil a la Casa Blanca y el Partido Republicano vive inmerso en su propia campaña preelectoral en la que cualquier concesión a un presidente demócrata que ha batido récords de impopularidad puede arruinar ambiciosas carreras políticas.

Obama es perfectamente consciente de esta situación: lo que hace al proponer medidas imposibles de asumir por este Congreso es fijar ya los términos de la próxima cita electoral, la del 8 de noviembre de 2016, cuando los demócratas intenten mantener la Casa Blanca y recuperar total o parcialmente el Congreso. Establecidas en el horizonte las batallas económicas, los asuntos internacionales —de los que no hay mucho de qué presumir— quedaron en un plano muy secundario. Baste como ejemplo que la palabra “Irak” fue pronunciada en dos ocasiones.

Barack Obama ha vivido en este discurso su momento más reaganiano en la presidencia. Quiere convencer a sus conciudadanos de que el país ha cambiado decisivamente, que ha superado la crisis y que está por fin en el buen camino. Lo que muchos estadounidenses esperan es confirmar personalmente sus palabras.
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