The Farces of Tsipras and Trump

Published in El País
(Spain) on 19 July 2015
by Moisés Naím (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Courtney Cadenhead. Edited by Bora Mici.

 

 

 

Donald Trump and Alexis Tsipras could not be more different. Trump is the famous septuagenarian from the United States whose fortune Forbes magazine estimates at more than $4 billion ("Lies! I'm worth more than 10 billion," he says). Tsipras, 40 years old, is the leader of the Coalition of the Radical Left (Syriza) and prime minister of Greece. While Trump's opulent mansions receive extensive media coverage, Tsipras lives in a modest apartment in a working-class neighborhood of Athens. One flaunts his riches while the other speaks out against inequality.

Tsipras and Trump have recently captured the world's attention. Tsipras struggles with the catastrophic crisis in his country, and Trump aspires to the presidency of the United States as the Republican Party’s candidate. Tsipras turned to the European Union, asking for immense amounts of money for the Greek economy and simultaneously tried to avoid the economic reforms that his creditors demanded and that he had promised never to make. Thus, the prime minister of Greece managed to infuriate the European leaders with whom he negotiated, as well as the Greeks who believed him when he promised to end austerity measures. In addition, Tsipras did not hesitate to demand that Greece's parliament endorse several resolutions, which, some days before, he had denounced as "criminal measures" imposed by "financial terrorists."

Donald Trump is no less talented at infuriating the public. He has angered the leaders of the Republican Party, as well as millions of Mexicans and, in general, Latinos, who currently make up 17 percent of the population of the United States. He declared, among other nonsense, that the United States should have invaded Mexico instead of Iraq, and that if he became president, he would force the Mexican government to pay for the construction of a wall along the more than 3,000-kilometer (approximately 1,860 miles) border that exists between the United States and its southern neighbor. Why? To prevent the entry of Mexicans, who, according to Trump, "bring drugs, bring crime, and are rapists." The aspiring presidential candidate has also stated, "They’re laughing at us, at our stupidity. Now they are beating us economically. They are not our friend, believe me. The United States has become a dumping ground for everyone else's problems." The leaders of the Republican Party watch with horror as Trump alienates Latinos, whose votes are essential to win the election.

They have responded quickly to these and more of Trump's provocations. Several companies have cancelled their contracts, a flood of editorials have denounced him and many Republicans, even Jeb Bush and Marco Rubio, have criticized him. Recent meticulous studies show that Trump's assertions are based on erroneous premises and false data. A report from the American Immigration Council shows that immigrants (legal or not), regardless of their country of origin or level of education, have lower crime rates than people born in the United States, and that when rates of immigration increase, crimes rates drop. None of this has been important to voters. According to the polls, Trump occupies first place among the 15 contenders to the Republican presidential candidacy. His erroneous position on immigration has proven profitable.

Something similar happened to Tsipras. His incompetence and unkept promises should have sunk him, but until now, that has not been the case. He will probably be known for his opportunism and incompetence, but the incredible ineptitude of his European adversaries is saving him.

The numbers and premises on which the agreement that Tsipras had to sign are as false as those that Trump uses to support the barbarities he says. The prime minister has said that he accepted the agreement because they put a knife to his back, but he does not believe in what he signed. The International Monetary Fund doubts the viability of the agreement, and Wolfgang Schauble, the finance minister of Germany, maintains that Greece would be better off without the agreement and outside of the eurozone.

Worst of all is that Tsipras and Trump symbolize two tremendously important issues for humanity: how to rescue an economy that is derailing and how to handle the challenge of immigration. Both are complex problems, and reducing them to simple statements about austerity or immigrant crime hinders the search for viable, sustainable and reasonable alternatives. The U.S. magnate and the Greek activist have muddied the world debate on crucial issues.

Donald Trump will not become president of the United States, and Greece will not fulfill the commitments to which it has agreed. However, Tsipras and Trump will continue to be the protagonists of two inexcusable farces.


Donald Trump y Alexis Tsipras no podrían ser más diferentes. Trump es el famoso septuagenario estadounidense cuya fortuna la revistaForbes calcula en más de 4.000 millones de dólares (“¡Mentira! ¡Tengo más de 10.000 millones!”, dice él). Tsipras, de 40 años, es el líder de la Coalición de la Izquierda Radical (Syriza) y primer ministro de Grecia. Mientras las opulentas mansiones de Trump reciben amplia cobertura en los medios, Tsipras vive en un modesto apartamento en un barrio popular de Atenas. Uno ostenta sus riquezas y el otro denuncia la desigualdad.

Últimamente, Tsipras y Trump han acaparado la atención del mundo. Tsipras lidia con la catastrófica crisis de su país y Trump aspira a la presidencia de Estados Unidos por el Partido Republicano. Tsipras acudió a la Unión Europea pidiendo inmensas cantidades de dinero para la economía griega, al mismo tiempo que intentaba evitar las reformas económicas que exigen sus acreedores y que él había prometido no hacer jamás. Así, el primer ministro griego se las ha arreglado para enfurecer tanto a los líderes europeos con quienes negocia como a millones de griegos que le creyeron cuando prometió que acabaría con las medidas de austeridad. Tsipras tampoco dudó en exigirle al Parlamento de su país que refrendara decisiones que unos días antes él mismo había denunciado como “medidas criminales” impuestas por “terroristas financieros”.

Y en esto de enfurecer a la gente Donald Trump no se queda atrás. Ha enfurecido tanto a los líderes del Partido Republicano como a millones de mexicanos y, en general, a los latinos, que hoy constituyen el 17% de la población de Estados Unidos. Afirmó, entre otros disparates, que EE UU debió haber invadido México en vez de Irak, y que de llegar a la presidencia obligaría al Gobierno mexicano a pagar la construcción de un muro a lo largo de los más de tres mil kilómetros de frontera que hay entre EE UU y su vecino del sur. ¿Para qué? Pues para impedir la llegada de mexicanos que, según Trump, “nos traen drogas, nos traen crimen, son violadores…” El aspirante a la presidencia también ha dicho: “Los mexicanos se están riendo de nuestra estupidez… y ahora nos están ganando económicamente. Créanme, ellos no son nuestros amigos. Estados Unidos se ha convertido en el basurero donde los demás tiran sus problemas”. Los líderes del Partido Republicano ven con horror cómo Trump está alienando a los latinos, cuyos votos son esenciales para ganar elecciones.

Las reacciones a estas y otras tantas provocaciones de Trump no se han hecho esperar. Varias empresas le rescindieron sus contratos; un alud de editoriales lo denunciaron y hasta republicanos como Jeb Bush y Marco Rubio lo criticaron. Rigurosos estudios recientes demuestran que las afirmaciones Trump se basan en premisas equivocadas y datos falsos. Un informe del Consejo Americano de Inmigración demuestra que los inmigrantes (legales o no), independientemente de su país de origen o nivel educativo, tienen menores tasas de criminalidad que los nacidos en EE UU y que en los periodos donde aumenta la inmigración las tasas de criminalidad disminuyen. Nada de esto le ha importado a los votantes. Según las encuestas, Trump ocupa el primer lugar entre los 15 aspirantes a la candidatura presidencial por ese partido. Su equivocada posición sobre la inmigración rinde dividendos.

Algo parecido le ha pasado a Tsipras. Su incompetencia y promesas incumplidas lo deberían haber hundido, pero hasta ahora no ha sido así. Si bien seguramente quedará marcado por su oportunismo e ineptitud, la inmensa torpeza de sus adversarios europeos le está salvando.

Los números y premisas en los que se basa el acuerdo que tuvo que firmar Tsipras son tan falsos como los que usa Trump para apoyar las barbaridades que dice. El primer ministro ha dicho que aceptó el acuerdo porque le pusieron un cuchillo en el cuello, pero que no cree en lo que firmó. El Fondo Monetario Internacional considera que el acuerdo no será viable y Wolfgang Schäuble, el ministro de Finanzas de Alemania, opina que Grecia estaría mejor sin el acuerdo y saliendo de la eurozona.

Lo más grave de todo es que Tsipras y Trump simbolizan dos cuestiones de enorme importancia para la humanidad: cómo rescatar una economía que se descarrila y cómo manejar el reto de la inmigración. Ambos son problemas complejos, y reducirlos a afirmaciones simplistas sobre austeridad o sobre la criminalidad de los inmigrantes impide la búsqueda de alternativas viables, sostenibles y razonables. El magnate estadounidense y el activista griego han embarrado el debate mundial sobre temas cruciales.

Donald Trump no llegará a la presidencia de EE UU y Grecia no cumplirá con los compromisos que ha adquirido. Pero Tsipras y Trump quedarán como los protagonistas de dos farsas imperdonables.
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