The Presidential Debate: Looking for the Reality of US Foreign Policy

Published in Nishinippon Shimbun
(Japan) on 28 September 2016
by Editorial (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Chris Hennessy. Edited by Rachel Pott.
A shifting battle of words over the future course of the United States – actually, the entire world – has begun.

The first debate between Democratic Party candidate Hillary Clinton and Republican Party candidate Donald Trump has finished. There was a direct face off between these two strong personalities, and the American people’s interest rose to levels never seen before. But it is also a debate that must be given due attention by Japan and other nations who share U.S. relations.

One thing that stood out was Mr. Trump’s criticism of foreign nations, which became ensnared with issues such as the economy and security alliances. Mr. Trump named and criticized China and Mexico on economic issues, asserting that these nations are “stealing our … jobs.” He called for an overhaul of trade agreements, claiming that other nations are doing what they want to the U.S.

On the topic of security treaties, Mr. Trump developed an argument wherein allied nations should take on more of a burden by bringing up Japan, South Korea and Germany and saying, “we defend Japan, we defend Germany, we defend South Korea … They do not pay us.”

Mr. Trump’s assertions are based on a thought pattern wherein he attaches excessive negativity to current situations in the U.S. and seeks to blame outside entities as the cause. His has a strategy of screaming about U.S. loss as a result from being held down by foreign nations, thus spreading a victim mentality among U.S. citizens and then acting as the strong leader who will stand up to these situations.

However, Mrs. Clinton said at the debate, “I want to reassure our allies in Japan and South Korea… we have mutual defense treaties and we will honor them,” and she strongly criticized Mr. Trump’s statement about embracing Japan and South Korea as nuclear states. From the perspective of an interested nation, we can give Mrs. Clinton’s comments unwavering praise as an appropriate diplomatic path.

But the problem is the reality that, up to this point, Mr. Trump’s one-sided criticism of foreign relations has wide support among the American people. Grievances not necessarily based on facts – such as arguments directed at Japan for “riding on free security” – multiply. Those grievances somehow connect with real and difficult conditions, such as inequality and daily hardships, and come to a head during the presidential election. Assuming this, the roots must run deep.

The war of words from both of these candidates in this presidential election will continue until the vote on Nov. 8. The superpower that is the United States and its foreign policy will have enormous effect on interested nations, including Japan. This newspaper hopes for a de-escalation of the rabid mudslinging and a more realistic foreign policy discussion that wins over other nations with an interest in the outcome.


米国の、いや世界の針路を大きく左右する論戦が始まった。

 米大統領候補の民主党クリントン、共和党トランプ両氏による第1回討論会が開かれた。強いキャラクター同士の直接対決とあって、米国民の関心はかつてなく高まったが、日本など関係国にとっても注目すべき討論となった。

 目立ったのは経済や安全保障に絡むトランプ氏の対外批判だ。トランプ氏は経済問題で中国やメキシコを名指しして批判し「米国の雇用が奪われている」と主張した。「米国は他の国からやりたい放題にやられている」と訴え、既存の貿易協定の見直しを唱えた。

 安全保障分野でもトランプ氏は日本や韓国、ドイツなどを挙げて「米国は彼らを防衛しているが、彼らはその支払いをしていない」と述べ、同盟国は負担を増やすべきだという持論を展開した。

 トランプ氏の主張の根底にあるのは、米国の現状をことさら悲観的にとらえ、その原因を外部に求める思考パターンである。米国は外国に押し込められて損をしている、と叫んで国民の被害者意識をあおり、それに立ち向かう強い指導者を自ら演じる戦略だ。

 一方、クリントン氏は討論会で「日本や韓国などとの同盟を再確認し、尊重したい」と述べ、日韓の核兵器保有を容認するとしたトランプ氏の発言を強く批判した。関係国から見れば、穏当な外交路線として一定の評価ができる。

 ただ問題は、トランプ氏の一方的な対外批判がここまで米国民の間に支持を広げてきたという現実である。日本に対する「安保ただ乗り論」など、必ずしも正確な事実に基づかない不満が積み重なり、それが格差や生活不安など現実の苦境と結び付いて、大統領選を機に顕在化しているのではないか。そうだとすれば、根は深い。

 大統領選は11月8日の投票まで両候補による舌戦が続く。超大国である米国の対外政策は、日本を含む関係国に重大な影響を及ぼす。過激な中傷合戦はほどほどにして、関係国も納得させる現実的な外交論戦を望みたい。
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