Assault on the Internet

Published in El País
(Spain) on 17 December 2017
by (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Marta Quirós Alarcón. Edited by Tiana Robles.
Trump threatens net neutrality at the expense of users

Ending net neutrality is terrible news. This is what Donald Trump has set in motion through the United States Federal Communications Commission. There, last Thursday, the three representatives appointed by the Republicans voted against the two Democrats in favor of suppressing the legal boundaries that currently forbid internet providers from discriminating against content providers, favoring some at the expense of others.

The decision has generated an important controversy, since it entails a fundamental change in the way the internet has worked up until now and, undoubtedly, will give way to a great number of judicial disputes. Hence the public rejection of the decision by 21 of the creators and drivers of the internet, a rejection which became known yesterday.

Currently, internet service providers, which in many cases market their own content in those networks as well, cannot prioritize their products over those of their competitors by granting them a greater bandwidth, nor can they forbid companies or private individuals from accessing the internet for commercial, political, religious or moral reasons.

This practice — known as neutrality — is good for the user, who does not have to pay higher prices in order to access certain content with faster download speeds. From the viewpoint of competitors and innovation, it is positive as well, for the companies that are already on the market cannot block or discriminate against those who intend to enter it. It is furthermore beneficial for freedom of speech and democracy, since content cannot be blocked.

Two years ago, former President Barack Obama signed legislation preemptively in order to maintain this neutrality. And, since last year, the European Union has legislation guaranteeing it, although this has not prevented a great and worrisome business concentration — which competition law* will have to engage at some point — that has allowed the birth of new platforms and services which can be accessed regardless of the provider used.

This base democratic principle is the one that Trump is jeopardizing, acting, as is customary, in favor of the business interests of the few against the interests of citizens and consumers and above all, showing utter contempt toward the rest of the world. Given U.S. hegemony in the digital domain, his initiative — once more, one-sided — will not only erode free competition, innovation, and equal access to the internet in the U.S., but eventually in the rest of the world, which will be able to do very little against American companies' dominance of the market.

Once more, Trump proves to be a president guided by a blind defense of business interests, even at the expense of most citizens.

*Editor’s note: Competition law is a law that promotes or seeks to maintain market competition by regulating anti-competitive conduct by companies.



Asalto a Internet

Trump amenaza la neutralidad en la Red a costa de los usuarios

Terminar con la neutralidad de Internet es una pésima noticia. Es lo que ha puesto en marcha Donald Trump a través de la Comisión Federal de Comunicaciones de Estados Unidos. Allí, el pasado jueves, los tres representantes nombrados por los republicanos votaron contra los dos demócratas a favor de suprimir los límites legales que en la actualidad prohíben a los proveedores de Internet discriminar entre proveedores de contenidos, favoreciendo a unos a costa de otros.

La decisión ha generado una importante polémica, pues supone un cambio fundamental en la manera en la que Internet ha funcionado hasta ahora, y, sin duda, dará paso a un gran número de litigios judiciales. De ahí el rechazo público de 21 de los creadores e impulsores de la Red, conocido ayer.

En la actualidad, las empresas proveedoras de servicio de acceso a Internet, que en muchos casos también comercializan sus propios contenidos en esas redes, no pueden primar sus productos frente a los de la competencia concediéndoles más ancho de banda ni tampoco pueden prohibir el acceso de empresas o particulares a la Red por razones comerciales, políticas, religiosas o morales.

Esa práctica —conocida como neutralidad— es buena para el usuario, que no tiene que pagar precios más altos por acceder con velocidades mayores de descarga a determinados contenidos. Es también positiva desde el punto de vista de la competencia y de la innovación, pues las empresas que ya están en el mercado no pueden bloquear ni discriminar a las que pretenden entrar. Y beneficiosa para la libertad de expresión y la democracia, pues no se pueden vetar los contenidos.

El anterior presidente, Barack Obama, legisló de manera preventiva hace dos años para mantener esta neutralidad. Y la Unión Europea dispone desde el año pasado de una legislación que la garantiza impidiendo que las operadoras restrinjan discrecionalmente el acceso a contenidos. Esta neutralidad, aunque no ha impedido una gran y preocupante concentración empresarial —que la legislación sobre competencia en algún momento tendrá que tratar— es la que ha permitido el nacimiento de nuevas plataformas y servicios a los que se puede acceder independientemente de la operadora que se utilice.

Este principio de base democrática es el que Trump pone en riesgo actuando, como viene siendo costumbre, a favor de los intereses empresariales de unos pocos, en contra de los intereses de los ciudadanos y consumidores y, sobre todo, con desprecio absoluto hacia el resto del mundo. Dada la hegemonía estadounidense en el ámbito digital, su iniciativa —una vez más, unilateral— no solo erosionará la libre competencia, la innovación y el acceso igualitario a Internet en EE UU, sino, a largo plazo, en el resto del mundo, que poco podrá hacer ante la dominación del mercado por empresas estadounidenses.

Una vez más, Trump muestra ser un presidente guiado por una ciega defensa de los intereses empresariales aun a costa de la mayoría de ciudadanos.
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