The biggest casualties of the print media crisis over the past decade have been the reporters. Despite the economic advantages of television, reporting in this medium has not been able to achieve the necessary depth and consistency. Now that this could change with the development of mobile phones that take photographs in any conflict, a lack of interest from news executives is seriously limiting the livelihoods of leading journalists. Indeed, despite the misfortunes of the print media, some tenacious reporters are carrying on their work, in many cases risking their lives, without economic incentive or even a guarantee of seeing their work published in any prominent way. American journalist Seymour Hersh rose to fame in the golden age of reporting and has recently published his memoirs. His last great achievement was uncovering the torture and sexual humiliation that took place in the Abu Ghraib prison during the invasion of Iraq by the United States. How he came to learn what went on is compelling, as Hersh has always been a controversial reporter, often receiving leaks from top military personnel, and managing them in a rather Machiavellian style. He can’t really be blamed for this.
But in the case of documented torture, it was fundamental to focus on the mental state in which many veterans returned home from the war – a war endorsed by the economic interests of a small number of families linked to the oil business and their political cronies. Hersh learned of soldiers undergoing psychological treatment, and, in an unexpected turn of events, the mother of a female veteran approached him to tell of the brutal psychological damage with which her daughter had returned from the invasion. The conditions under which some soldiers were working, forced to violate much of their moral code, destroyed them on the inside. That mother was able to get into her daughter’s laptop and find the photos that were corroding her mind and that ultimately destroyed her life. Journalist Hersh knew he had to get to work, find the right path, check all the dates, confront the authorities and get the support of a journalistic linchpin such as The New Yorker to do the rest.
It’s not easy when your country is at war and young soldiers are dying every day to present information on the killing of civilians in the name of your country. False patriots usually avoid this kind of question; everything is a question of taking sides. But truth isn’t negotiable. And for those soldiers who died, the only thing of value in their death is the guarantee that someone back home is telling it exactly as it happened. In doing that, those who accused Hersh of treason at the time for bringing government excesses to light are today portrayed as incapable and opportunistic. Despicable human beings, like some current leaders, impose presumptive patriotic values on the supreme values of justice and truth, which, in the long run, are what guarantee a country’s survival. Forcing these ignoble acts into the light helped to bring an unjust war to a close. Hersh saved lives with his reporting. And journalism contributed some exemplary chapters to a story of haze, hate, opportunistic criticism and evil deeds. It’s important we keep this in mind.
Pero en el caso de este episodio de torturas documentadas fue fundamental apoyarse en el estado mental con el que regresaban a casa muchos veteranos de esa guerra apoyada por los intereses económicos de un grupo de familias relacionadas con el petróleo y sus secuaces polÃticos. Hersh tuvo conocimiento de algún soldado tratado psicológicamente y, en un giro inesperado, la madre de una veterana le llegó a confesar los trastornos brutales con que su hija habÃa regresado de la invasión. Las condiciones bajo las que trabajaron algunos soldados, empujados a violar muchas de sus convicciones morales, los destruyeron por dentro. Aquella madre fue capaz de desentrañar el ordenador portátil de su hija y sacar las fotos que corroÃan su mente y terminaron por destrozar su vida. El periodista Hersh supo poner la mano, encontrar el carril, chequear todos los datos, enfrentarse con la autoridad y lograr el apoyo de un puntal periodÃstico como la revista The New Yorker para hacer el resto.
No es fácil, cuando tu paÃs está en guerra y mueren jóvenes soldados a diario, informar sobre las matanzas de civiles cometidas bajo tu bandera. Los patriotas falsos suelen esquivar esta cuestión, todo es cuestión de bandos. Pero la verdad es innegociable. Y a esos soldados que mueren lo único que les beneficia es la garantÃa de que alguien, en casa, está contando lo que pasa de cierto. AsÃ, los que acusaron de traición en su dÃa a Hersh por revelar esos excesos quedan hoy retratados como incapaces y aprovechados. Unos seres deleznables, como algunos jerarcas actuales, que imponen unos supuestos valores patrióticos sobre el valor supremo de la justicia y la verdad, que garantizan a la larga la supervivencia de un paÃs. Revelar esos episodios innobles ayudó a finalizar aquella guerra injusta. Hersh salvó vidas con su reportaje. Y el periodismo escribió páginas ejemplares entre la turbiedad, el odio, la crÃtica oportunista y la maldad. Conviene tenerlo en cuenta.
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