The American Dream at a Crossroads

Published in Clarín
(Argentina) on 17 June 2020
by Miguel Espejo (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Lucas Armocida. Edited by Helaine Schweitzer.
The multicultural rebellion that started as a protest against the murder of George Floyd, a protest movement about colonialism and slavery that has now reached several countries, revealed the profound wave of racism that has swept the United States since Donald Trump became president.*

There have been hundreds of demonstrations—still taking place due to another murder, the likes of which America has never seen, because, for the first time, there has been extensive participation by people of all colors and races. The notion of race is an ideological construct that has absolutely no scientific foundation and that has transformed skin color, as well as other ethnic differences, into definitive categories.

The famous passage in Alexis DeTocqueville’s “Democracy in America” of 1835 in which he claims that Russia as well as Anglo American people were destined to occupy a prominent place in the concert of nations is often recalled. But this is not the case with the quote in which he highlights the weakness of American democracy: “The most terrible of all the evils that threaten the future of the United States lies in the presence of Negroes on their soil,” De Tocqueville wrote.

The institution of slavery did not blend effectively with democracy. The matter was settled in part during the Civil War of 1861-1865 when the victorious Abraham Lincoln, U.S. president during the conflict, abolished slavery, but social phenomena can be extremely persistent, as after 150 years, the problems derived from segregation remain—in many cases, almost unchanged.

From the official end of slavery up until the current pandemic, the Black population continues to pay their blood tribute. In view of education rates, the composition of prison populations and the distribution of wealth, it is enough to realize that the country of opportunities remains an unfulfilled dream for many.

The basic insignia of America could be Janus Bifrons.** The slogan “In God we trust,” inscribed in the currency of all denominations, hardly explains that worldview, in which individualism was most fully expressed.

From its beginnings in the 17th century, before Karl Marx formulated his political doctrine, America has combined an earthly paradise with a wicked puritanism; it has mixed religious freedom and the inalienable right to free speech with a genocidal spirit and ferocity that left almost no Native Americans in its way, and that has tried, by all means necessary, to erase all traces of the old Spanish Empire—America’s other large fissure being its Latin American, Spanish-speaking population. I recommend reading “Nuestra América: Una Historia Hispana de los Estados Unidos,” an excellent book by historian Felipe Fernández Armesto.

Due to a seemingly magical conversion, the indigenous inhabitants of this vast territory were transformed into “the other;” on par with immigrants coming from “shithole” countries.

Similarly, racial segregation has continued in many ways. Thomas Jefferson had to hide the offspring he conceived with his biracial slave, possibly a half-sister to his wife, the slave’s original owner, because, in the land of freedom, the law prohibited interracial marriage. In my view, Donald Trump’s triumph was influenced by the fact that a Black, biracial president was his predecessor.

Trump’s attempt at a military solution to the current protests was the breaking point, America’s leading military generals balked immediately. On the other hand, a large part of the white population cannot look the other way because it sees only Trump and his staunch defense of white supremacy. The Black Lives Matter movement may resist more forcefully than even the #MeToo movement, and defeating Trump and his entire ideology would change a number of aspects of American geopolitics.

In America, a country supposedly committed to the future, there exists a population stuffed with drugs and opiate painkillers, with many others suffering from obesity and its attendant illnesses. Life expectancy has decreased and any memories of the events that caused these ills have been forgotten.

History has been a pleasantly repeated fiction since the Mayflower. The fracture in the American Dream indeed occurred decades ago, but the need for substantive change has never manifested itself with such force until now.

As the number of COVID-19 deaths surpassed the 100,000 milestone, a reflection of the flaws in its health care system, America still managed to join a crewed flight to the International Space Station by means that put America ahead of China and Russia again. Ronald Reagan’s “Star Wars” program exhausted the old Soviet Empire; however, after 30 years, Mother Russia, lead by a brilliant and unscrupulous man from the KGB and in close alliance with the Orthodox Church, is back on the world stage.

The lost compass of international politics has had negative implications on every level. America could not even retain its key allies in the European Union, and the situation is even worse in Latin America. It would be ironic (one of the many ironies in history) if the strength of democracy lay in the ability to reform the established order by rebellion. This secret weapon is not possessed by China or Russia, much more less so by us, who are incapable of rebelling en masse to the outrageous murders carried out by the police.

*Editor’s note: Police officers involved in the death of George Floyd have been charged with murder but have not yet been tried or convicted.

**Editor’s note: Janus is a Roman god. He was often depicted with two faces, and then called Janus Bifrons.


La rebelión multicultural que se produjo como protesta por el asesinato de George Floyd, y que se extendió a varios países, en protesta al colonialismo y la esclavitud, dejó al desnudo la profunda oleada racista que se produjo desde que Trump asumió la presidencia.

Hubo cientos de manifestaciones (que continúan por otro asesinato) como Estados Unidos no había conocido antes, ya que por primera vez hubo una amplia participación de sectores provenientes de todos colores y “razas”. El concepto de “raza” es una convicción ideológica que no tiene el menor asidero científico y que ha llevado el color de la piel, al igual que ciertas diferencias étnicas, a una categoría absoluta.

El famoso pasaje de Tocqueville, donde predice en De la democracia en América, en 1835, que tanto Rusia como los pueblos anglo-americanos estaban destinados a ocupar un lugar eminente en el concierto de las naciones, ha sido mucho más recordado que aquel donde advierte el punto frágil de su arquitectura: “El más temible de todos los males que amenazan el porvenir de Estados Unidos nace de la presencia de los Negros sobre su suelo”.

El sistema esclavista se conjugaba mal con la democracia efectiva. Esta cuestión se zanjó a medias con la Guerra de Secesión de 1861-65. El victorioso Abraham Lincoln abolió la esclavitud, pero los fenómenos sociales pueden ser extremadamente persistentes, ya que un siglo y medio después los problemas derivados de la segregación continúan, en muchas planos, casi intactos.

Desde el fin formal de la esclavitud hasta la actual pandemia, la población negra continúa pagando su tributo de sangre. Basta ver los índices de educación, la composición de la inmensa población carcelaria y la distribución de la riqueza para comprobar que, el país de las oportunidades, no dejó nunca de ser un sueño incumplido.

Jano bifronte podría ser la insignia básica de Estados Unidos. La adhesión a Dios, inscripta en los dólares de todas las nominaciones, apenas responde a esa visión del mundo, donde el individualismo fue llevado a su máxima expresión.

Construido a partir del siglo XVII, Estados Unidos ha mezclado, antes que Marx formulara su doctrina, el paraíso en la Tierra, junto a un puritanismo avieso; la libertad religiosa y el derecho inalienable a expresarse, con un espíritu genocida y una ferocidad que no ha dejado casi indios a su paso y que ha tratado por todos los medios de borrar cualquier rasgo heredado del antiguo Imperio español, pues su otra gran línea de fractura es la población hispano parlante de Latinoamérica. Hay que leer el excelente libro del historiador Fernández-Armesto: Nuestra América: una historia hispana de los Estados Unidos.

Por una reconversión mágica, los habitantes originarios de este enorme territorio fueron transformados en “el otro”, en el inmigrante que proviene de “un pozo de mierda”.

De un modo parecido, la segregación racial ha continuado por muchos medios. Jefferson tuvo que ocultar la descendencia que tuvo con su esclava mulata, probablemente media hermana de su mujer, la propietaria original, porque, en el país de la libertad, la ley prohibía un matrimonio interracial. A mi juicio, el triunfo de Trump estuvo influido también por el hecho de haber existido previamente a él un presidente negro (mulato en realidad).

El intento de Trump de encontrar una respuesta militar a estas sublevaciones fue el punto de quiebre actual. La respuesta de altos jefes militares no se hizo esperar. Por otra parte, un sector significativo de la población blanca ya no puede mirar hacia otro lado, por la sencilla razón que frente suyo tiene sólo a Trump y su férrea defensa del supremacismo blanco. En su lugar, el movimiento Black Lives Matter puede revelarse de una vitalidad más poderosa incluso que la corriente de MeToo porque una derrota de Trump y de esta corriente profunda modificaría varias cuestiones de la geopolítica norteamericana.

Un país consagrado supuestamente al futuro, atiborrado de drogas y de calmantes opiáceos, con una parte de su población obesa y las enfermedades que esta situación conlleva, ha visto bajar su expectativa de vida y no ha conservado ninguna memoria objetiva de los hechos que lo conformaron.

La historia se volvió ficción desde el Mayflower. La fisura del sueño americano comenzó hace décadas, pero nunca se había revelado de un modo tan contundente la necesidad de cambiar.

Al mismo tiempo que la pandemia traspasó la barrera de los 100.000 muertos, reflejando las enormes distorsiones de su sistema de salud, Estados Unidos logró acoplar en la estación espacial un vuelo tripulado, empleando medios que los vuelven a colocar delante de China y Rusia. La Guerra de las Galaxias de Reagan dejó exhausto al antiguo Imperio Soviético; sin embargo, 30 años después, la Madre Rusia dirigida por un brillante e inescrupuloso hombre de la KGB, en alianza estrecha con la Iglesia Ortodoxa, ha regresado al tablero internacional.

La pérdida de la brújula en la política internacional ha sido negativa por donde se la mire, ya que Estados Unidos ni siquiera pudo conservar a sus principales aliados de la Unión Europea, sin hablar de América Latina. Sería una de las tantas ironías de la historia que la fuerza de las democracias resida en su capacidad de rebelión para reformar el orden constituido. Este as de triunfo no lo posee ni China ni la Federación Rusa, ni mucho menos nosotros, incapaces de rebelarnos masivamente contra los escandalosos asesinatos que comete la policía.
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