An Ever Complicated Relationship

Published in El Heraldo de Mexico
(Mexico) on 1 March 2021
by Josè Carreño Figueras (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Hannah Bowditch. Edited by Helaine Schweitzer.
The first virtual meeting between U.S. President Joe Biden and Mexican President Andrés Manuel López Obrador took place amid what some consider to be a difficult time in this bilateral relationship. But the reality is that it’s never been simple, or easy, between Mexico and the U.S. Not even when they’re in what’s considered to be a good phase.

The two governments are obliged to reach an understanding. Against all odds, social and economic integration between the two countries is growing, and their proximity and political relationship mean they must consider each other’s needs.

In addition, the two governments currently have domestic needs that are forcing them to seek mutual arrangements.

Proximity and mutual convenience are powerful incentives for better cooperation, with the COVID-19 pandemic serving as an immediate example. It doesn’t make sense for the United States to try and resolve its domestic health situation without also supporting similar efforts by its neighbor to the south with whom it has strong links, at least while it is able to, and while vaccine supplies allow it.

Biden is proposing immigration reform, but he needs Mexico’s help, not only in its role as a necessary route for thousands of people from Central America, but also to help other nations in the region.

There are also subjects that are somewhat less clear and more complex.

Donald Trump’s recently ended four-year term has given rise to a political premise that made Mexico and Mexicans the symbol of all of the United States’ problems, from an “unfair” trade pact to the uncontrolled arrival of criminals and drug traffickers. The proposal to build a wall on the border with Mexico was one of Trump’s most popular subjects.

President López Obrador openly supported the new United States-Mexico-Canada trade agreement that Trump promoted, and toughened Mexican policy toward the entry of immigrants from Central America without documentation and caravans of asylum seekers in the face of threatened trade sanctions.

On several occasions, AMLO emphasized that Trump had respected Mexico’s sovereignty, and was one of the last heads of state to congratulate Biden after his election on Nov. 3.

The run-up to Biden’s arrival and his first weeks in office were punctuated in Mexico by legislative proposals aimed at strengthening Mexican sovereignty on issues ranging from the fight against drugs, to energy, to foreign investment in the environment.

But the legislature would be better off preparing a defense against the anticipated demands of the U.S. Congress and American interest groups with respect to specific aspects of the USMCA, such as compliance with American investment policy, especially in the energy industry, or working conditions in factories.


Una relación siempre complicada

El primer encuentro "virtual" entre el presidente de Estados Unidos, Joe Biden, y el de México, Andrés Manuel López Obrador, se realiza en medio de lo que algunos ven como un momento difícil en la relación bilateral.

Pero la realidad es que entre EU y México la relación nunca es simple, o fácil. Ni siquiera cuando están en lo que se considera como una buena fase.

Los dos gobiernos están obligados a buscar entendimientos. La integración económica y social entre los dos países es creciente, a pesar de todos los pesares, y su vecindad y su relación política debe considerar las necesidades del otro.

En el caso actual, además, los dos gobiernos tienen necesidades internas que los obligan a buscar arreglos con el otro.
La vecindad y la conveniencia mutua son de entrada incentivos poderosos para una mayor colaboración, con la pandemia de COVID-19 como ejemplo inmediato. No tiene sentido para Estados Unidos tratar de resolver su situación interna de salud sin apoyar esfuerzos similares en su vecino del sur, con el que tiene enormes vínculos, al menos cuando esté en posibilidades y los suministros de vacunas lo permitan.

Biden propone una reforma migratoria, pero necesita la ayuda de México, no sólo como paso obligado para miles de centroamericanos sino para asistir a las naciones de la región.

Hay otros temas que en cierta forma tienen menos claridad y resultan más complicados.

Los recién terminados cuatro años de gobierno de Donald Trump surgieron de una propuesta política que hizo de México y los mexicanos el símbolo de todos los problemas de Estados Unidos, desde un pacto comercial "injusto" hasta la llegada incontrolada de delincuentes y narcotraficantes. La propuesta de construir un muro en la frontera con México fue uno de sus temas más populares.

El presidente López Obrador apoyó abiertamente el nuevo Tratado comercial México-Estados Unidos-Canadá (T-MEC) promovido por Trump, y tras amenazas de sanciones comerciales, endureció la política mexicana hacia la entrada de centroamericanos indocumentados y caravanas de peticionarios de asilo.

AMLO subrayó en varias ocasiones que Trump había sido respetuoso de la soberanía de México y fue uno de los últimos jefes de gobierno en felicitar a Biden, tras su triunfo en las elecciones del 3 de noviembre.

Los prolegómenos de la llegada de Biden y sus primeras semanas de gobierno fueron puntuadas en México por la formulación de propuestas de ley que reafirman la soberanía mexicana sobre temas que van del combate a la drogas a la energía, de la inversión extranjera al medio ambiente.

Pero serían más bien preparativos de defensa ante las esperadas demandas de legisladores y grupos de interés estadounidenses en torno a aspectos específicos del T-MEC, como el respeto a las inversiones estadounidenses, especialmente en la industria energética, o las condiciones laborales en las maquiladoras.

This post appeared on the front page as a direct link to the original article with the above link .

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