Obama Aims to Win Election with Tax Hikes on the Rich

Published in Hankyoreh
(South Korea) on 25 January 2012
by (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Jiyoung Han. Edited by Louis Standish.
In last night’s State of the Union address, U.S. President Barack Obama focused on the theme of “a fair society.” It was time to choose: Will America settle to be a country where growing numbers of people barely get by while fewer and fewer do well, or would it reconstruct an economy in which all receive fair treatment and abide by the same rules? Obama associated the former situation with the Republicans while contrasting the latter as the path sought by the Democrats under his leadership. Anchoring the 2012 State of the Union address on U.S. economic reconstruction, Obama established his confrontational stance against the GOP more distinctly than ever before. The president thus threw his hat in the ring, looking to the end of the year presidential elections that will determine either his reelection or withdrawal from power.

Obama declared his commitment to transforming a currently unjust America that favors the most affluent into a fair and equal society for the middle class. This pledge diverges most drastically with the Republican vision on the issue of tax reform. Obama took aim at Republican primary contender and millionaire Mitt Romney’s 13.9 percent income tax rate, asserting that anyone earning more than 1 million USD a year should be taxed at least 30 percent. The president’s suggestion to introduce the “Buffett Rule” will stir greater aversion among the GOP and rich that have criticized such measures as class warfare. But it is no doubt looked upon favorably by the majority that criticize in turn the polarization between the 1 and 99 percent. Romney’s competitor, Newt Gingrich, will appear all the more neoliberal and be validated as a spokesman of conservative Republican values.

Obama’s strategy to revive the American values of fairness and equality of opportunity also tied into the reconstruction of the country’s hollowed out manufacturing sector. The president denounced tax breaks provided to companies moving factories overseas as he promised to give preferential treatment to businesses that create jobs in the U.S. He also stressed the importance of supporting education and helping Americans develop the skills demanded by labor markets. In the same context, Obama pointed to China, declaring the U.S. would no longer stand by and watch other countries break the rules of competition. The president then announced his plans to establish a special unit that would investigate foreign companies’ unfair business practices, like excessive subsidies or theft of American companies’ intellectual property. This announcement shows that the U.S. is becoming increasingly protectionist and that it is implementing aggressive industry and trade policies. It is thus more likely now that Korea will encounter stronger trade pressures from the U.S. government. Because Obama mentioned increasing the exportation of American cars to Korea through the provisions of the Korea-U.S. Free Trade Agreement, Koreans have no choice but to pay attention to future developments on this issue. The Korean government must prepare thoroughly in this regard. There was also zero mention of North Korea. We are left to wonder if the U.S. has even given a thought to the possibility of changing its policies toward North Korea after Kim Jong Il’s death.


버락 오바마 미국 대통령의 어제 새해 국정연설 핵심 주제는 공정한 사회였다. 생계가 어려운 사람들이 늘어나는 반면 점점 소수만이 잘사는 나라에 안주할 것인가, 아니면 모든 사람이 공정한 대접을 받고 같은 원칙을 적용받는 경제를 재건할 것인가를 선택할 시점이라는 것이었다. 전자는 공화당의 길이고 후자는 자신이 이끄는 민주당의 길이라는 점을 대비시켰다. 주로 미국 경제 재건에 맞춘 이번 국정연설에서 오바마는 어느 해보다 공화당과의 대결 자세를 뚜렷이 하고 있다. 재선이냐 퇴장이냐의 승부를 가릴 연말 대선을 겨냥한 공약이요, 출사표인 셈이다.

부유한 극소수 상층부 위주의 불공정한 미국 사회를 중간·중산층이 제대로 대접받는 공정·공평한 사회로 바꾸겠다는 오바마 공약이 공화당과 극적으로 대비되는 지점은 세제 개혁이다. 공화당 대선 후보 경선에서 수위를 다투는 갑부 밋 롬니의 소득세율이 13.9%에 불과하다는 걸 겨냥하듯 연소득 100만달러 이상 갑부들에게는 적어도 30%의 세율을 적용해야 한다고 했다. 이른바 ‘버핏세’를 도입하자는 건데, 이를 계급투쟁이라 비판해온 공화당과 부자들의 거부감은 더욱 거세지겠지만 1 대 99의 양극화를 비판해온 다수의 호감을 살 법하다. 이는 롬니의 경쟁자 뉴트 깅그리치가 더욱 신자유주의적이고 보수적인 공화당 가치의 대변자라는 점에서도 유효할 것이다.

공정 및 기회균등의 ‘미국적 가치’ 부활 전략은 공동화한 미국 제조업 재건과도 연계돼 있다. 해외이전 공장에 대한 세제 지원을 비판하면서 자국민 고용창출로 이어지는 국내 사업체 우대를 약속하고, 교육과 노동기술력 향상을 강조한 게 그런 것이다. 중국을 지목해서 경쟁 룰을 지키지 않을 경우 좌시하지 않겠다며 미국 기업의 지적재산권을 침해하거나 보조금 등으로 자국 기업을 지원하는 외국의 불공정 사례를 조사하는 특별기구를 설치하겠다고 한 것도 같은 맥락이다. 이는 더욱 보호주의적이고 공세적인 산업·교역 정책을 펼치겠다는 선언으로 우리 역시 더 많은 미국의 통상압력에 직면할 가능성이 높아졌다. 여기에 더해 한-미 자유무역협정과 미국산 자동차의 한국 수출 증대를 강조했으니 우리로선 신경이 쓰일 수밖에 없다. 정부의 철저한 대비가 필요한 대목이다. 북한에 대한 언급도 전혀 없었다. 김정일 사후 미국의 대북정책 변용 가능성을 염두에 둔 것인지 궁금하다.
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