US Gun Control Debate Heats Up, Making the Problem Harder To Resolve

Published in China News
(China) on 5 June 2013
by Ren Haijun (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Jingman Xiao. Edited by Robert O'Connor.
One tiny clue reveals the general trend. Gun control issues surfaced with the occurrence of two accidents, one “big” and one “small,” which reflect the dilemma revolving around the issue of gun control.

The “big” accident has to do with Michael Bloomberg, mayor of New York City and co-chair of Mayors Against Illegal Guns, who got letters that contained lethal ricin because of his support of gun control. The “small” case has to do with a kid: An eight-year-old in Maryland was banned from class for two days because he bit a piece of pastry into the shape of a gun.

These two cases reflect two different social forces: One is based on amendments to the United States Constitution, which is strongly in favor of the right to own guns, whereas the other is asking for limitations on gun ownership. However, the “big” case exposes the extreme position of some supporters of gun ownership, while the “small” one shows that some supporters of gun control have gone overboard, leaving the school suspected of an abuse of power.

Currently, both forces have very strong social foundations. According to the Second Amendment to the Constitution, “the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed,” which fundamentally guarantees people's right to own guns. For many Americans, the right to own guns is as important as freedom of speech and expression, which they cannot be deprived of easily.

However, over the years, gun-related violence has become increasingly serious. Every time it happens, there are waves of voices for gun control. America is the country with the highest number of guns per person, with 6.6 million guns sold on the black market in 2012. Gun-related violence poses one of the most serious threats to American citizens’ lives and security. Some incidents are particularly bloody, such as the Colorado cinema shooting and the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting in Connecticut.

Supporters of gun ownership have a huge lobbying capacity, of which the National Rifle Association of America is an outstanding representative. This association has a long history, dating back to the Civil War. It has a large membership that exceeds 4.5 million people and extensive funding, which carries significant weight in various elections: Eight presidents of the United States are members of it. Thus, offending them equals political suicide.

Supporters of gun control have also established several organizations to strengthen lobbying power, but none are yet comparable to the National Rifle Association. After the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting at the end of last year, the Obama government has been pushing Congress to pass a bill on gun control. However, progress is slow, which shows the dilemma U.S. society faces.

Thus it can be seen that in a society as divided as the U.S., the various sides of the debate make this issue particularly hard to resolve.


见微知著。美国最近发生的一“大”一“小”两件事再次引起了人们对控枪的关注,也深刻反映了美国社会围绕控枪问题的纠结。
  “大”事与美国反对非法枪支市长协会共同主席、纽约市长布隆伯格有关,他因支持控枪而收到含有可致命蓖麻毒素的信件。“小”事则与小孩有关——马里兰州一名8岁儿童因将点心咬成手枪形状而被学校停课两天。
  这两件事背后折射了两种不同的社会力量:一种以宪法修正案为依据,坚决捍卫持枪权利;另一种则要求限制持枪。不过,“大”事暴露了部分支持持枪者的极端,“小”事体现出部分支持控枪者矫枉过正,学校有滥用职权之嫌。
  目前,两种力量都有很强的民意基础。美国宪法第二修正案规定,“人民持有和携带武器的权利不受侵犯”,这从根本上保证了民众的“拥枪权”。对很多美国人而言,持枪权如同言论自由一样,岂可轻易剥夺?
  然而近年来,美国涉枪暴力事件日趋严重,每当类似事件发生时,控枪呼声就会一浪高过一浪。支持控枪者认为,这与枪支泛滥密切相关。
  美国目前是世界上人均拥有枪支最多的国家,2012年地下黑市销售枪支数量高达660万件。枪击暴力犯罪是对美国公民生命和人身安全最严重的威胁之一。有的枪击案十分血腥和恐怖,如科罗拉多州影院枪击案和康涅狄格州桑迪胡克小学枪击案。
  不过,目前美国人对枪支的态度依然泾渭分明,拥枪者拥有强大的实力和游说力量,而其中的代表就是美国步枪协会。这一协会历史悠久,其起源可追溯至美国内战时期;成员众多,今年已突破450万人;资金充裕,在各种选举中具有举足轻重的影响力,美国历史上8位总统为美国步枪协会会员;左右大选,得罪了美国的拥枪利益集团几乎等于政治自杀。
  尽管支持控枪者也建立了不少组织,加强了游说,但没有一家实力可以望美国步枪协会项背。去年年底的桑迪胡克小学枪击案后,奥巴马政府力推国会通过控枪法案,但迄今进展缓慢,这也是美国社会围绕控枪纠结的一种体现。
  由此观之,在美国这样一个利益诉求多元的社会,各方的博弈使得控枪问题很难在短期内解决。
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