The Chinese Dream More Exciting Than the American Dream

Published in Huanqiu
(China) on 9 April 2014
by Zhang Wei Wei (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Kartoa Chow. Edited by Tess Chadwick.
Decline of the American Dream, Rise of the Chinese Dream

The Chinese dream and the American dream include aspects of both personal life and politics. Regarding the personal life aspect, the two dreams are quite similar, with people believing that their lives will become better through honest labor. Over the past 30 years, Chinese people have realized these dreams in numbers greater than the total U.S. population. With respect to the political aspect, however, the Chinese dream and the American dream differ significantly. In the American dream, the people are encouraged to define their own meanings of democracy, freedom and human rights in order to realize personal satisfaction, while in the Chinese dream, the concept of “national prosperity and revitalization of the happiness of the people” is emphasized. The road China takes today is the best path to achieving that dream.

The problem is that the American dream faces many challenges today. Over the past 20 years, the income of a majority of Americans has not increased but instead decreased. Nobel Laureate economist Joseph Stiglitz assessed that even with signs of economic recovery, the size of the current U.S. economy is 15 percent smaller than in 2008 before the financial crisis. He believes that GDP is not a good measure of success and that a more relevant indicator is household income. Today’s median income in the U.S. is even lower than that of 25 years ago in 1989, and the median income for men working full time is no higher than that of 40 years ago. Stiglitz wrote that “perhaps 100 years ago, America might have rightly claimed to have been the land of opportunity … but not for at least a quarter of a century.”

In contrast to the continual decline of the American dream, the Chinese dream is showing a tremendous upward momentum. The Chinese dream has been more exciting than the American dream. Based only on consumerism, the majority of the Chinese population has in fact experienced a wealth revolution in the past 20 years. If a Chinese immigrant spent the last 20 years in the U.S., returning to China today, he would be shocked and feel the tremendous change in the fates of the two countries. This trend does not seem to be slowing down.

A recent poll confirms my analysis. The Pew Research Center conducted a poll in 2013 indicating that 85 percent of the Chinese population were “very satisfied” with the direction of development of their country, compared with 31 percent of Americans sharing the same sentiment toward the U.S. The British group WPP released a report titled “The Power and Potential of the Chinese Dream,” suggesting that “the appeal of the Chinese dream will exceed the American dream in the future.”* More than a third of the Chinese people surveyed deem the U.S. as today’s “ideal country,” but this view is limited to the present. Forty-two percent believe that, in another 10 years, China will become the “ideal country.”

The American Dream “Betrayed” by Capitalist Dominance

A more serious issue explores whether there are problems with the political aspect of the American dream. Donald Barlett and James Steele, both Pulitzer Prize winners, published a book titled “The Betrayal of the American Dream.” In it, they described how the quid pro quos between American politicians, the government, the wealthy and the big corporations have disrupted the foundation of the American dream and, consequently, gradually diminished the opportunity for success for ordinary Americans. The American government lowered taxes for the wealthy, believing that they would create a large number of jobs in the U.S., but this scenario basically did not happen. The rich have not shown much enthusiasm in reinvesting their profits within the U.S., but instead are transferring even more money to the Cayman Islands and to other tax havens.

In fact, the U.S. should reflect on its own political problems instead of tirelessly promoting its political model to the world. Those who are familiar with the political system of the U.S. know that American democracy has basically been kidnapped by various organizations and special interest groups. “Separation of powers,” once the pride of America, has become today’s synonym for the government’s “powerlessness” or even “political paralysis.”

From a broader perspective, the limitations of American separation of powers originate from its inability to escape the control of capitalism. In other words, separation of powers is merely confined to political institutions. Outside of this political arena, the strength of capitalism seems to be able to avoid many of the American institutional arrangements. A good modern political system should be able to achieve a balance between the political, social and capitalist forces at a larger scale. The American dream is “betrayed” by capitalist dominance, disrupting the equilibrium between the three forces.

Outlook of Chinese Dream Even More Exciting

A landmark event of American capitalist dominance was the 2010 Supreme Court decision on unlimited campaign contributions from corporations. Washington Post columnist Harold Meyerson exclaimed, “Western-style elections are a game for the rich.”** Last week, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled to also eliminate a cap for campaign contributions from individuals, with American democracy becoming completely money-driven. Even the right-wing Senator John McCain was worried and predicted that “there will be scandal.”

In contrast, the political, social and capitalist forces under the Chinese model are in balance. Most notably, the relative strength and neutrality of the Chinese political force, while under the necessary constraints of the social and capitalist forces, have the ability to roughly maintain its own jurisdiction while leading the social and capitalist forces. This is one of the main reasons that China has experienced a successful rise over the past 30 years. From this, we can infer that if China and the U.S. continue down their respective paths, the prospect of most Chinese people realizing their dreams would be better than most Americans. In other words, the overall outlook of the Chinese dream is more exciting than the American dream.

* Editor’s Note: The original quotation, accurately translated, could not be verified.
** This quote is actually from Li Pen, a leading figure in China's National People's Congress, and was merely repeated by Harold Meyerson.


美国梦下滑,中国梦强劲上升

  中国梦和美国梦都包含生活和政治两个层面。在生活层面,两者差别不大,两国的百姓大都相信通过诚实的劳动,自己的生活可以变得更加美好。过去30多年中,至少已有超过美国人口总数的中国人实践了这样的梦想。但在政治层面,中国梦和美国梦存有相当的差别。美国梦强调美国人自己界定的民主、自由、人权等保证了生活版美国梦的实现,而中国梦则强调“国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福”的整体观,强调中国今天所选择的道路是实现中国梦的最佳途径。

  问题是美国梦今天遇到不小的挑战。过去20来年,美国多数人的收入不是增加了,而是减少了。诺贝尔经济学奖获得者约瑟夫·斯蒂格利茨做了这样的评估:尽管有经济复苏的迹象,但现在美国经济的规模仍比2008年金融危机前小15%。他认为GDP不是衡量成功的好指标,更相关的指标是家庭收入。美国今天的中位数实际收入比1989年(即25年前)的水平还要低;全职男性员工的中位数收入还不如40多年前的水平。他感叹:“美国自称‘机会之地’或者至少机会比其他地区多,这在100年前也许是恰当的。但是,至少20多年来的情况不是这样。”

  与美国梦一路下滑的情况相比,中国梦则展现出强劲上升的势头。就笔者的观察而言,中国梦已经比美国梦更加精彩。仅就物质生活而言,过去20来年,多数中国人事实上经历了一场财富革命,如果一个中国人过去20年里移民美国的话,今天再回到家乡,他可能会强烈感受到中美两国命运的巨变,真是三十年河东,三十年河西啊!这个趋势看来还将继续下去。

  最近的一些民调也印证了我的判断。美国皮尤中心2013年跨国民调表明85%的中国人对自己国家的发展方向表示“非常满意”,在美国,这个比例为31%。英国的WWP集团发布了《中国梦的力量与潜力》调查报告,认为“中国梦的吸引力未来可超越美国梦”。受访中国人中有超过1/3认为,美国是当今世界的“理想国度”,但这种看法仅限于当前,有42%的中国民众认为,再过10年,中国将会成为“理想国度”。

资本独大,美国梦被“出卖”

  这就涉及一个更大的问题,是不是政治版的美国梦出了问题?两位普利策新闻奖获得者唐纳德·巴利特、詹姆斯·斯蒂尔于2012年出版了《被出卖的美国梦》一书,他们认为美国的政客、政府、富人、大公司之间的权钱交易动摇了美国梦的基础,使得普通美国人成功的机会越来越少。美国政府替富人减税,用的理由是富人能给美国创造大量的就业机会,但这种局面基本没有出现。富人不热心把利润汇回美国国内,而是更多地把钱财转移到开曼群岛等逃税天堂。

  其实,美国与其天天不厌其烦地向全世界推销自己的政治模式,还不如好好反省一下自己政治体制的问题。对美国政治制度有一定了解的人都知道:美国的民主制度,基本上已经被各种充分组织和动员起来的利益集团所绑架,美国人曾引以为自豪的“三权分立”今天几乎成了政府“无能为力”甚至“政治瘫痪”的代名词。

  美国“三权分立”制度困境在于:从一个更大范围看,它无法摆脱资本力量的控制。换言之,“三权分立”仅仅是一种局限于政治领域的制度安排,而在政治领域之外,强大的资本力量似乎可以左右美国的许多制度安排。一个良好的现代政治制度应该能够确保在一个更大的范围内,实现政治力量、社会力量、资本力量之间的平衡。这三股力量严重失衡,资本力量独大,这就是美国梦被“出卖”的主要原因。

  中国梦的前景更精彩

  美国资本力量独大的标志性事件是2010年美国联邦最高法院的裁决:对公司和团体支持竞选的捐款不设上限。《华盛顿邮报》专栏作家哈罗德·迈耶森惊呼:“这个裁决似乎证实了中国人对美国民主的批评,即美国民主是富人的游戏。”上周,美国联邦最高法院又裁决个人竞选捐款也不设上限,美国民主就真成了“钱主”,连美国右翼参议员麦凯恩都忧心忡忡地说:“美国今后将丑闻不断。”

  相比之下,中国模式下政治力量、社会力量、资本力量的动态平衡,特别是中国政治力量的相对强势和中立,在受到社会力量和资本力量必要制约的同时,大致维持了自己规范和引领资本力量和社会力量的能力,这是过去30多年中国崛起比较顺利的一个主要原因。我们也可由此而推论:如果中美两国都继续沿着各自的道路走下去的话,多数中国人实现自己梦想的前景应该好于多数美国人,换言之,中国梦的前景总体上将比美国梦更加精彩。
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