United States Should Reflect on African-Americans’ Unrest

Published in Huanqiu
(China) on 19 August 2014
by Editorial (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Kartoa Chow. Edited by Eva Langman.
Authorities imposed a curfew in the city of Ferguson in St. Louis County, Missouri as a result of unrest over racial discrimination. On Aug. 9, an unarmed African-American teenager was shot six times and killed by a Caucasian police officer. The police later released a surveillance video suggesting that the African-American teenager had committed a robbery. This footage has caused strong dissatisfaction, and the reason is simple. Even if this teenager did commit a crime, there is no legal basis to open fire and shoot him to death.

This incident has caused the most serious unrest involving African-Americans in recent years. It shows that even with a black president, the shadow of racial discrimination continues to linger over a large number of African-Americans.

Objectively speaking, the U.S. has made significant progress fighting racism for over half a century. Racial discrimination has been completely prohibited by law, and racial equality has become a reality on many fronts. Barack Obama being elected president is certainly a symbol that summarizes these accomplishments and confirms that overt prejudices targeting African-Americans no longer exist in the U.S.

However, the racial gap in the U.S. and the discrimination that stems from it is a huge problem that has not been truly resolved in American society. Even with a group of inspirationally successful African-American elites in the U.S., on average, there is still a tremendous gap in the start and struggles of life between black and white populations. To many African-Americans, crossing this divide remains difficult. This is the social basis for the failure to reach a compromise on the racial problem in America.

The U.S. owes a historical debt to African-Americans, and the country’s approach of gradually allowing racial issues to fade away is actually quite heartless. All African-Americans were asked to integrate into society, their original cultural roots destroyed. To a large extent, the government of the U.S. benefits from this simplification of its racial issues. If the U.S. continues to go down this path, its racial issues will one day disappear completely.

As the representative of the former socialist camp, the Soviet Union established a governance model of ethnic autonomy with the intention to seek a balance between safeguarding national unity and protecting the diversity of its ethnic cultures. Its approach gave much respect to the ethnic cultures, but also generated a series of unexpected consequences.

Overall, be it America’s approach of integration or the Soviets’ path, both have their respective problems. Ethnic and racial integration is destined to be a difficult and sensitive process, and a perfect solution does not exist.

The U.S. has suffered much through its history of racial issues, but the sacrifices these years seem a bit modest, relatively speaking. An important reason for this is that the U.S. has been dominating the Soviet Union in overall competitiveness since the 1970s and 1980s, and has therefore had the power to evaluate its own ethnic issues.

The force of public opinion in the West is strong enough to penetrate the ideologies of the ethnically autonomous socialist nations, inciting various emotions in other countries regarding their own ethnic issues. The dissolution of the Soviet Union served as a further validation of the American approach to its ethnic problems.

Over time, the flaws of the American integration policy have been forgotten, and the nature of ethnic autonomy has become unclear. From time to time, people would suggest that China adopt the American approach, but after much consideration, stripping the ethnically autonomous populations of their “cultural welfare” is unrealistic. The irony is that the U.S., after forcing a state of ethnic integration, is now often accusing countries like China of violating the rights of minorities.

The latest unrest in Ferguson against racial discrimination reveals a scar for the U.S., one that many countries also have. It is ultimately a long-term process to reach a proper resolution to the ethnic and racial issues of this world. In light of current international public opinion, those countries that are least susceptible to external influences, most independent in their decision-making and possess the inherent ability to control the scale of the problem will be most proactive in addressing these issues.


  美国密苏里州圣路易斯市弗格森镇因反种族歧视陷入骚乱,并被当局宣布实行宵禁。本月9日一名黑人青年在手无寸铁的情况下遭到白人警察射杀,警察向他开了6枪。警方后来公布视频暗示公众该黑人青年进行了偷盗,这段视频引发强烈不满,原因很简单:即使这个青年真的偷了东西,射杀他也毫无法律依据。

  这件事是大洋彼岸近年来遭遇的最严重黑人骚乱,它让人们看到,即使一名黑人当选了美国总统,种族歧视的阴影仍笼罩着大量非洲裔美国人。

  客观而言,半个多世纪以来美国的反种族歧视取得大量成就,种族歧视在法律上被彻底禁止,种族平等在很多领域得以实现。奥巴马成为总统的确是这些成就的总结性标志,它证明了美国已不存在专门针对黑人的公开禁区。

  然而美国种族之间的隔阂和由此产生的歧视,作为美国社会的重大问题并未真正解决。非洲裔美国人出了一批励志成功的精英,但就平均情况而言,美国黑人与白人的人生起点和奋斗环境仍有很大差距,对大多数黑人来说,越过这条鸿沟仍是困难的。这是美国种族问题和不了稀泥的社会基础。

  美国对非洲裔国民是欠了历史账的,它逐渐淡化种族问题的方式其实相当无情:所有非洲裔美国人都被要求与社会进程一体化,他们的原有文化基本被摧毁了。这使美国的种族问题在很大程度上简单化了,对治国是有利的。如果美国这样走下去,它的种族问题总有被最终消化的一天。

  以苏联为代表的前社会主义阵营采取了成立民族自治政权的治理模式,它的初衷是要在维护统一国家和保护民族文化多样性之间寻求平衡。它对民族文化给予了更多尊重,但却导致一系列始料不及的后果。

  总体看,无论美国搞“一体化”,还是苏联式的道路,都有各自的问题。民族及种族融合注定是个困难、敏感的过程,不存在什么万全之策。

  相对而言,美国种族问题历史上经历的痛苦很多,但这些年的代价看似小了些。这当中有一个重要原因,就是美国从上世纪七八十年代开始,在与苏联的综合竞争中占了上风,掌握了对民族问题的评价权。

  西方的舆论能力十分强大,足以对实行民族自治的社会主义国家做思想渗透,刺激其他国家民族问题的各种情绪。苏联的解体,为美国解决民族问题方法的流行增添了“证据”。

  久而久之,美国“一体化”政策的缺陷被遗忘了,民族自治的“文化福利”性质也变得模糊不清。不时有人提出,在中国也应当像美国那样做,但是只要设想一下,剥夺民族自治的“文化福利”根本不现实。颇具讽刺意味的是,用野蛮方式把种族“一体化”了的美国,如今经常可以指责中国这样的国家,说我们如何“侵犯了”少数民族权利。

  最新发生的弗格森镇反种族歧视骚乱让我们看到美国的一块伤疤,类似伤疤很多国家都有。民族和种族问题最终在世界范围得到妥善解决,是一个长期的过程。而在当前的国际舆论条件下,哪个国家有少受外部影响独立解决问题的战略实力,有控制问题烈度的内在能力,它的主动性就会多一些。
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