What Do the Visits from High-Level U.S. Officials Mean?

Published in Sina
(China) on 1 June 2009
by 梅新育 (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Guangyong Liang. Edited by .

<p>Edited by Louis Standish</p>

Even if Sino-U.S. relations are not completely out of the pattern of “U.S. pushes, China responds,” formed after China reformed and opened itself up to the world, they are changing profoundly. Facing this kind of change, our first task is to make us stronger and keep improving the power difference between China and the U.S. We will make use of and push this kind of change forward and try to make it permanent, thus laying a foundation with more equality, stability and sustainability for Sino-U.S. relations.

Not since Richard Nixon’s visit to China in the spring of 1972 has China has received so many politicians from Washington D.C.: on May 24th, the U.S. Speaker of the House, the so-called “most powerful woman in Washington, D.C.,” Nancy Pelosi, is leading five members from the House Select Committee on Energy Independence and Global Warming on a five-day visit to China; on the same day, the U.S President’s Special Envoy to Sudan, Major General J. Scott Gration, is visiting China; on the 25th, Democratic chairman Rick Larsen and co-chairman Robert Kirk of the U.S.-China Working Group from the House is arriving in Hong Kong, then going on to visit Guangdong, Shanghai to inspect the Chinese economic situation; on the 30th, U.S. Secretary of the Treasury Timothy Geithner is visiting China as the president’s Special Envoy. What kind of change to Sino-U.S. relations do these successive visits reflect? How should we deal with it?

There is a common thread among the U.S. officials’ visits to China; that is to seek various cooperation and help from China that will lead to the establishment of a new agreement seven weeks after the consultation that cuts greenhouse gas emission, eases the situation in Darfur, Sudan, strengthens cooperation in dealing with the financial crisis and pushes the preparations of the first U.S.-Chinese strategic economic dialogue forward.

Various signs indicate that even if Sino-U.S. relations are not completely out of the pattern of “U.S. pushes, China responds,” formed after Chinese reformed and opened itself up to the world, they are changing profoundly. Facing this kind of change, our first task is to make us stronger and keep improving the power difference between China and the U.S. Madeleine Albright, the secretary of State
during the Clinton administration, said that “foreign support fortifies U.S. policies,” where power is the basis for international politics and economic communication. Beyond the fact that Nixon opened the door for Sino-China relations, it was a victory of the Chinese troops in North Korea and Vietnam against the U.S., modern Chinese industrial systems and a breakthrough in Chinese diplomacy formed under the blockade. This time, what forces U.S. politicians to be more humble is not a sudden impulse to show mercy; it is a growth of Chinese might, as well as a power shift during this international financial crisis. We must always remember this and integrate it in every aspect of our work.

Second, we will make use of and push forward this kind of change and try to make it permanent, thus laying a foundation with more equality, stability and sustainability in Sino-U.S. relations. Especially for those who are powerful, who were formerly anti-China and once anti-communist politicians. We should pay a great deal of attention to their transformation, because promotion of Sino-U.S. relations from any American politician is likely to be considered as “pulling for China” or “selling out America’s interests.” Genuine American approval will be helpful for them to resolve their past criticisms so they might make incredible contributions to the development of Sino-American relations. By looking at the fact that it was not other people who opened up the door for relations but Nixon, who was once caught up in the anti-communist movement to capture communist spies and who advocated using nuclear waste to block the Chinese and North Korean borders, it is not so hard to understand this point.

Third, we are willing to provide cooperation and help in accordance with our basic interest and within our ability, but the U.S. should come up with real demands and not expect to get China’s interest through sweet words that have no actual content at all. Only on this basis can we talk about compromises and concessions for a mutual agreement. The U.S. must recognize this point. More importantly, our country must accurately grasp the overall situation and have an equal footing with Uncle Sam in any situation.

Fourth, we must open our eyes to the overall situation of the entire world instead of limiting our vision to two-sided relations. Nowadays, China not only has become a powerful country with global interests, but also has performed the best during the global financial crisis. But the U.S. is the world’s only superpower; this means that Sino-U.S. relations must have strong trickle down effects. China and the U.S. also need to design and build a two-way relationship globally, whether this is to protect their interests or to fulfill the obligations of responsible countries. In fact, the bilateral dialogue mechanism is in actuality one that’s about 60, making it impossible to limit it to the two-way relationship in a narrow sense.

Fifth, with the U.S. lowering their expectations, we need to work hard
internally and improve domestic management, which is especially important on the issue of the U.S. controlling exports to China. When the U.S. blocked China in the old days, we independently designed and built Yunshi aircrafts. When the U.S. opened the exportation of civilian aircrafts to China, we destroyed Yunshi’s future due to a lack of a long-term vision, breaking the wings of the Chinese civil aviation industry. This history lesson is worth remembering. As American companies’ reliance on the Chinese market apparently gets heavier during the financial crisis, Larson and Kirk, who are still visiting Hong Kong, Guangdong and Shanghai, announced the “Export Promotion Act” and the “Energy Cooperation Act,” which will help American companies enter the Chinese market, the reason why they’re talking to American entrepreneurs in China. It’s estimated that policies regarding American exports to China might get a little more lax in the future. This might be good news for our country, but if we can’t make a reasonable arrangement, a laxity in American export control towards China might mean that our high-tech sectors are subject to a serious attack.



作者:梅新育

  中美关系即使没有完全走出改革开放以来形成的“美国施压—中国应对”格局,也正在发生深刻的变化。面对这种变化,我们首要的任务是继续加强我们自己的实力,持续不断地改善中美力量对比。我们要利用和推动这种变化,并尽可能令其永久化,从而为中美关系奠定更加平等、进而也就更加稳固、更加可持续的基础。

  也许,自从1972年春天理查德·尼克松访华以来,中国还不曾在一周之内接待这么多拨华盛顿政要:5月24日,美国众议院议长、号称“华盛顿最有权力女人”的南希·佩洛西率领众议院跨党派能源及环境委员会5名议员开始为期一周的中国之旅;同日,美国总统苏丹问题特使格拉逊来华;25日,美国众议院美中工作小组共同主席、民主党众议员拉森和共和党众议员柯克抵达香港,接着赴广东、上海考察中国经济情况;30日,美国财政部长蒂莫西·盖特纳以美国总统特使身份来华访问……

  他们的密集访华,折射出了中美关系的什么变局?我们又当如何作为?

  美国高官此时密集访华,有一个共同点,就是寻求中国的合作与帮助,从协商7个月后在联合国哥本哈根气候变化大会上建立新的温室气体减排协议,到缓和苏丹达尔富尔局势,再到加强应对金融危机领域合作、推进首轮中美战略与经济对话准备,不一而足。

  种种迹象表明,中美关系即使没有完全走出改革开放以来形成的“美国施压—中国应对”格局,也正在发生深刻的变化。面对这种变化,我们首要的任务是继续加强我们自己的实力,持续不断地改善中美力量对比。克林顿政府的国务卿玛德琳·奥尔布赖特有言,“美国的政策是外交支持下的实力”,实力是国际政治经济交往的基础,尼克松打开中美关系大门的背后,是中国军队在朝鲜和越南对美国军队的胜利,是中国现代工业体系在封锁之下基本成形,是中国外交打破封锁;这次迫使美国政要们放低身段的,也同样不是他们什么突如其来的慈悲之心,而是中国实力的增长,以及这场国际性金融危机对中美软、硬实力对比天平的变化。我们要时刻牢记这一点,并贯彻到工作的每一个侧面。

  其次,我们要利用和推动这种变化,并尽可能令其永久化,从而为中美关系奠定更加平等、进而也就更加稳固、更加可持续的基础。特别是那些位高权重且有过极端反华反共历史的美国政要,他们的转变尤其值得我们重视,因为任何美国政要推动对华关系都有可能被指为“向中国叩头”、“出卖美国利益”,他们的极端反华反共历史,犹如美国某些势力的品质认证标签,有助于帮助他们更好地化解这类指责,从而有可能为发展中美关系做出其他人难以做出的贡献。看看打开了中美关系大门的人不是别人,而是在反共浪潮中依靠抓“共产党间谍”和主张用核废料封锁中朝边境起家的尼克松,我们就不难理解这一点。

  第三,我们愿意提供符合我国根本利益且力所能及的合作与帮助,但美方应拿出实实在在的利益,而不要指望用几句没有实际内容的甜言蜜语就能换取中国实际利益的付出。只有在这个基础上,才谈得上为了达成互利协议而相互妥协和让步。在这一点上,美方固然要认清,更重要的是,我国自己得时刻准确把握住大局,在任何情况下始终坚持与山姆大叔平等对话。

  第四,我们的眼光不能局限于双边关系,还必须放眼世界全局。中国今天已经成长为具有全球利益的大国,又是目前危机下全世界表现最好的大国,而美国则是当今世界唯一的超级大国,这一点决定了中美关系必然有着强烈的溢出效应,中美双方也必须在全球视角下设计和构筑双边关系,无论这是为了更好地维护自身利益,还是出于履行负责任大国的义务。事实上,已达60多个的中美双边对话机制,也早已不可能仅仅局限于狭义的双边关系了。

  第五,在美方放低身段的背景下,我们更需要练好内功,改善本国内部治理,这一点在美国对华出口管制问题上尤其重要。昔日在美国封锁下,我们独立设计制造出了运十飞机,而在美国对我们开放民航飞机出口的背景下,我们却因一时的缺乏长远眼光而自断了运十的前途,也几乎折断了中国民航飞机产业的翅膀。这个历史的教训值得我们牢牢记取。由于在当前的金融危机下美国企业对中国市场的依赖程度明显加重,正在走访香港、广东、上海等地的拉森和柯克已经宣布,将启动《出口促进议案》和《能源合作议案》的立法,旨在帮助美国企业进入中国市场,他们为此已与在华的美国企业家座谈。估计,美国对华出口管制政策可能未来还会略有松动。此举对我国固然堪称佳音,但假如我们不能做出合理安排,美国放松对华出口管制,可能意味着我国高技术部门将遭受严重冲击。
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