To become globalized is still, for the most part, to become americanized. And this hasn’t been any different for China, which has slowly been opening itself to the outside world. You can’t talk about its recent history without mentioning the inauguration of the first McDonald’s in 1992. Today, its cities are full of McDonald’s and KFC’s, among other fast food restaurants. The young people who eat there speak English with more ease than their elders; they have contact with it at school and on the internet everyday. And more and more often they can be seen on the streets wearing t-shirts with expressions written in the language of Hollywood.
And there’s more. A chain of sporting goods stores called Li-ning (named after the owner) found in the large Chinese cities, imitates the Nike logo almost literally. Singers copy the sounds and mannerisms of their American inspirations. The greatest star of contemporary Chinese art is called Andy Warhol. And the most curious thing: almost all the young Chinese ladies have English names. Our interpreter, Aimeng Li, was renamed Grace by her teacher. She says the most common names are Lucy and Lily. Ni hao Lucy. Ni hao Lily.
All of this can be seen in one city, Beijing, which today will have a grandiose opening ceremony for its Olympic games in the presence of George Bush II. In the final grumblings of his term as president, which has been marred by images from the Abu Ghraib prison among other things, Bush has been irritating the Chinese authorities with his declarations about human rights, just like the American cyclists caused some bad feelings when they landed at the airport wearing anti-pollution masks. The Chinese reacted lightly, in the “Olympic spirit,” but they don’t hide the fact that they would really like to end the games with a greater number of medals, breaking the American hegemony. Sports are always metaphors, for better or worse.
Yes, the world is no longer bipolar, and the love hate relationship between the U.S.A. and China cannot be looked at through the eyes of the past. But the rivalry between the two definitely exists—and the Olympics translate that rivalry in some form, although it has not been reduced entirely to it. The cover of yesterday’s China Daily said it all with a photo of Yao Ming, the basketball player and national idol of a sport in which the U.S.A. has always been so superior, holding the Olympic Torch with a portrait of Mao Tse-Tung in the background. The giant wants to win. And it says that it wants to play fair.
Globalizar-se ainda é, em grande parte, americanizar-se. E não tem sido diferente com esta China que aos poucos se abre para o exterior. Por sinal, não se conta sua história recente sem mencionar a inauguração do primeiro McDonald’s em 1992. Hoje as cidades estão cheias de McDonald’s e KFCs, entre outras lanchonetes. Os jovens que vão a elas falam inglês com mais desenvoltura do que os velhos; tomam contato com ele na escola e na internet todos os dias. E cada vez mais usam camisetas com dizeres no idioma de Hollywood nas ruas.
Há mais. Uma rede de materiais esportivos, Li-ning (nome de seu dono), imita quase literalmente a logomarca da Nike, cujas lojas estão espalhadas pelas grandes cidades chinesas. Cantoras copiam o som e os trejeitos de suas inspirações americanas. O maior ídolo da pintura contemporânea chinesa se chama Andy Warhol. E o mais curioso: as jovens chinesas, quase todas, têm nomes em inglês. Nossa intérprete, Aimeng Li, foi rebatizada pela professora de Grace. Os mais freqüentes, segundo ela, são Lucy e Lily. Ni hao, Lucy. Ni hao, Lily.
Isso tudo se vê numa cidade, Pequim, que hoje fará a abertura grandiosa de sua Olimpíada com a presença de George Bush II. Nos estertores de seu mandato, marcado entre outras coisas pelas imagens da prisão de Abu Ghraib, Bush vem irritando as autoridades chinesas com suas declarações sobre os direitos humanos, assim como os ciclistas americanos causaram mal-estar ao desembarcar no aeroporto com máscaras anti-poluição. Os chineses reagem com leveza, ou “espírito olímpico”, mas não escondem que gostariam mesmo de terminar os jogos com o maior número de medalhas, batendo a hegemonia americana. Esportes sempre são metáforas, para o bem e para o mal.
Sim, o mundo não é mais bipolar, e o jogo de farpas e afagos entre EUA e China não pode ser visto com os olhos do passado. Mas que a rivalidade existe, existe – e a Olimpíada a traduz de alguma forma, embora não se reduza a ela. A capa do China Daily de ontem dizia tudo com a foto de Yao Ming, o jogador de basquete, ídolo nacional num esporte em que os EUA sempre foram tão superiores, segurando a tocha com o retrato de Mao Tsé-tung ao fundo. O gigante quer vencer. E diz que de forma limpa.
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