Chinese Patience

Published in jornaleconomico.sapo
(Portugal) on 30 August 2019
by (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Jane Dorwart. Edited by Margaret McIntyre.

 

 

After three days of work it was definitely proven that the Group of Seven leading industrial nations has become practically useless. Once again, the divisions between Donald Trump and the others were so clear and notable.

The question of whether the international economy is or is not on the road to a recession was in the background throughout the weekend of the G-7 summit. The truth is that the program was ambitious, with wide-ranging topics, but everyone hoped to see some signal from Donald Trump about the trade war between the U.S. and China that is slowing down international trade and decelerating the world economy. However, after three days of work it was definitely proven that the G-7 has become practically useless as, once again, the divisions between Trump and the others were so clear and notable.

It didn't help that Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte resigned after the Italian Senate accused Matteo Salvini of putting his personal interests before that of the country and making political use of religious symbols ("religious unconsciousness," to which Salvini responded by kissing a rosary). Neither did Boris Johnson help as he pushes against the EU for not having reached a Brexit agreement, about which Johnson still has not presented any concrete proposal.

Luckily for him, it is unlikely that a no-deal Brexit will be the apocalypse that its adversaries predict. To cite Jean-Marc Puissesseau, president of the Port Boulogne-Calais, about the chaos of the Dover-Calais connection, "It is bullshit." This will, moreover, allow Johnson to claim victory whatever the post-Brexit results, to the despair of the remainers. For now, thanks to Boris for coaxing a few words out of Trump at the meeting about a trade agreement, which would have a better chance of really happening if Trump were not reelected.

As for where the world economy is going, on Sunday, Trump encouraged the crowd by admitting that he had "second thoughts" about the increase in tariffs on Chinese products, a statement taken to be in favor of easing trade relations. But White House Press Secretary Stephanie Grisham made it clear the next day that he had wanted to say that he would like to have the tariffs raised even further. Which is to say, they're going to last.

The trade war between the Americans and the Chinese has caused uncertainty, with action and retaliation, and a retraction of investment decisions and consumer confidence, leading to a fall in demand and production. In Jackson Hole, where the Federal Reserve's annual symposium on monetary policy challenges took place this year, the concern was with the policy's lack of margin, squeezed tight between historically low policy rates (2% in the U.S. and 0% in the eurozone) and very high debt stocks on the central banks' balance sheets, so as to make it hard to confront a possible recession.

To this, Fed Chair Jerome Powell added that monetary policy is not the appropriate tool for acting on the trade balance. Trump tweeted about him, “Who is our biggest enemy, Jay Powell or Xi Jinping?” Patience is needed.


Paciência de chinês
Fernando Pacheco, Economista 30 Agosto 2019, 00:11

Após três dias de trabalhos ficou definitivamente provado que o G7 se tornou uma inutilidade prática, tão claras e notórias foram, mais uma vez, as divisões entre Trump e os outros.

No fim de semana foi a cimeira do G7, com a questão da economia internacional estar ou não a caminho de uma recessão em pano de fundo. É verdade que o programa era ambicioso, com temas de grande alcance, mas todos esperavam ver algum sinal de Trump sobre o conflito comercial entre os EUA e a China, que está a abrandar as trocas internacionais, desacelerando a economia mundial. Porém, após três dias de trabalhos ficou definitivamente provado que o G7 se tornou uma inutilidade prática, tão claras e notórias foram, mais uma vez, as divisões entre Trump e os outros.

Não ajudou Conte estar demissionário, depois de no Senado italiano acusar Salvini de pôr o interesse pessoal à frente do do país e da utilização política de símbolos religiosos (a “inconsciência religiosa”, ao que Salvini respondeu beijando um rosário). Também não ajudou Boris Johnson e o jogo do empurra que faz com a União por não haver um acordo de Brexit, sobre o qual continua a não apresentar propostas concretas.

Para sua sorte, não é provável que um Brexit sem acordo seja o apocalipse que os seus adversários apregoam: citando Puissesseau, presidente do Porto de Boulogne-Calais, acerca dos cenários de caos na ligação Dover-Calais, “c’est la bullshit!”. Isto irá, aliás, permitir-lhe reivindicar vitória qualquer que seja o resultado pós-Brexit, para desespero dos remainers. Para já, valeu a Boris ter arrancado a Trump na cimeira meias palavras sobre um acordo comercial que terá melhor probabilidade de conseguir levar à prática se Trump não for o próximo inquilino da Casa Branca.

Quanto ao quo vadis da economia mundial, no domingo, Trump animou a malta ao admitir que tinha “segundos pensamentos” acerca do aumento das tarifas sobre os produtos chineses, declaração tomada como favorável ao desanuviar das relações comerciais. Mas Stephanie Grisham, porta-voz da Casa Branca, esclareceu no dia seguinte que ele queria dizer que gostaria de ter elevado as tarifas ainda mais. Ou seja, a coisa está para durar.

A guerra comercial entre americanos e chineses tem provocado incerteza, com ações e retaliações, e o retrair das decisões de investimento e da confiança dos consumidores, levando à queda da procura e da produção. Em Jackson Hole, onde teve lugar o simpósio anual organizado pela Fed, este ano dedicado aos desafios da política monetária, a preocupação era com a falta de margem desta política, apertada entre taxas diretoras historicamente baixas (2% nos EUA e 0% na zona euro) e stocks de dívida muito elevados nos balanços dos bancos centrais, para enfrentar uma eventual recessão.

A isto Jerome Powell acrescentou não ser a política monetária a ferramenta apropriada para agir sobre a balança comercial. Sobre ele Trump postou no Twitter: “Quem é o nosso maior inimigo, Jay Powell ou Xi Jinping?” É preciso ter paciência.
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