State of Disunion

Published in El Espectador
(Colombia) on 20 January 2015
by Arlene B. Tickner (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Stephen Routledge. Edited by Nicholas Eckart.
Since 1790, every government has religiously presented an annual report, which has been extended to the entire population since the 20th century. While some people question the usefulness of the State of the Union, considering it a formal and empty gesture, like a thermometer to measure the priorities, concerns and attitudes of the leaders in power remain symbolically and politically important.

Although I write these lines without knowing the specific content of the speech given by President Barack Obama last night, the first indications released by the White House in advance of the State of the Union, like the adoption of several controversial decisions since the midterm elections of 2014 — when the Republicans increased their majority in the House of Representatives and won control of the Senate — are that difficult and interesting times are anticipated in Washington.

Between November and December of last year, and despite the defeat suffered by the Democrats at the polls, Obama acted to halt the deportation of up to 5 million illegal immigrants, signed a climate agreement with China that commits both countries to restrict their greenhouse gas emissions, and normalized relations with Cuba. These three decisions, all historic, had all faced rejection by the opposition. In early 2015, opening the 114th Congress — with the most Republican seats since 1947 — the leaders of the majority warned that they were going to repeal Obamacare (the flagship governmental health program), block the budget for border surveillance with the goal of disrupting the presidential decision on "illegal" immigrants, and approve the construction of the controversial Keystone XL pipeline, which Obama has refused to support because of environmental damage.

As if the previous sources of antagonism were not enough, the highlight of the State of the Union — tax reform and other social measures which will benefit the middle class — has been branded populist and similar to Robin Hood by the Republicans. The controversy will come with the proposal to increase taxes on dividends (and others) for high-income couples and to provide two years of free college education (in community college).

Despite signs of recovery in the U.S. economy, which have led to a significant upturn in Obama’s popularity ratings, the middle class has yet to experience the benefits. Racial tensions, which are alive as a result of police brutality against unarmed African-Americans and Hispanics, only serve to highlight the state of disunity that the country finds itself in. The commitment of the president during the short time that remains, in addition to sorting out some aspects of foreign policy, seems to be to advance those social issues that the economic crisis sought to delay. Whether or not he succeeds in doing this, he is making the move that puts the Republicans in the difficult position of having to explain to the population why the policies proposed in the State of the Union speech are not a good idea.


Desde 1790, y de forma religiosa, cada ejecutivo ha presentado dicho reporte anual, que a partir del siglo XX se ha hecho extensivo a toda la población. Pese a que algunos cuestionan la utilidad del SOTU por considerarlo un gesto protocolario y vacío, como termómetro para tantear las prioridades, preocupaciones y mentalidades de los mandatarios de turno sigue siendo simbólica y políticamente importante.

Aunque escribo estas líneas sin conocer el contenido específico del discurso que dio el presidente Barack Obama anoche, tanto las primicias reveladas por la Casa Blanca con antelación del SOTU como la adopción de varias decisiones controversiales desde las elecciones de mitaca de 2014 —cuando los republicanos ampliaron su mayoría en la Cámara de Representantes y ganaron el control del Senado— anticipan tiempos a la vez difíciles e interesantes en Washington.

Entre noviembre y diciembre del año pasado, y pese a la derrota sufrida por los demócratas en las urnas, Obama actuó para frenar la deportación de hasta 5 millones de inmigrantes ilegales, suscribir un acuerdo climático con China que compromete a los dos países a restringir sus emisiones de gases de invernadero, y normalizar las relaciones con Cuba. Las tres decisiones, todas históricas, tuvieron de común denominador el rechazo por parte de la oposición. A comienzos de 2015, al inaugurar el Congreso 114 —el de más escaños republicanos desde 1947—, los líderes de la mayoría advirtieron que iban a revocar Obamacare (el programa insignia de salud del Gobierno), bloquear el presupuesto para la vigilancia fronteriza con miras a entorpecer la decisión presidencial sobre los “ilegales”, y aprobar la construcción del polémico oleoducto Keystone XL, que Obama se ha negado a respaldar por los daños ambientales.

Como si las anteriores fuentes de antagonismo no fueran suficientes, el plato fuerte del SOTU —una reforma tributaria y otras medidas sociales para beneficiar a la clase media— ha sido tildado de populista y Robin Hood por parte de los republicanos. La polémica vendrá con la propuesta de aumentar el impuesto sobre dividendos (y otros) para parejas de altos ingresos y dar dos años de enseñanza universitaria gratuita (en community college).

Pese a los signos de recuperación de la economía estadounidense, que han incidido en repuntes significativos en los índices de popularidad de Obama, la clase media aún no experimenta sus beneficios. Las tensiones raciales que se viven a raíz de la brutalidad policial contra afroamericanos e hispanos desarmados solamente resaltan el estado de desunión en el que se encuentra el país. La apuesta del presidente durante el corto tiempo que le queda, además de enderezar algunos aspectos de la política exterior, parece ser avanzar en aquellos temas sociales que la crisis económica exigió postergar. Independientemente de si lo logra, no deja de ser llamativa esta jugada, que pone a los republicanos en la difícil situación de explicarle a la población por qué políticas como las propuestas en el discurso de SOTU no son buena idea.
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