War Fatigue: U.S. Miltary Must Be More Vigilant

Published in Mainichi
(Japan) on 7 November 2009
by No author listed (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Patrick Co. Edited by Adair Fincher.
A military psychiatrist whose job was to heal the hearts of soldiers randomly shot and killed thirteen of his fellow troops. What could have led him to do this? The details on the circumstances are not clear, but the tragedy that occurred in the army base of Fort Hood, Texas, causes one to feel the current war fatigue in America, which has been continuously fighting since the twin terror attacks of 2001.

The detained suspect, Nadal Malik Hasan (39), is a Muslim Arab, and thus has been harassed on the base. However the said suspect has criticized the military deployment in Afghanistan, and has made favorable statements on the internet regarding the strategic advantages of terrorist suicide bombing. His colleagues would naturally react sharply against him.

America is not expressly against Muslims and Islam. President Obama, whose middle name is Hussein, has Muslim relatives himself. But although Muslims in general are not considered to be America’s enemies, soldiers who go to Iraq and Afghanistan mainly end up fighting Islamic combatants.

The said suspect must have heard about the battlefield from military patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). When he found out that he was being sent to the Iraq front line, the said suspect grew troubled and hired a lawyer to contest the deployment order.

While it may be true that he killed thirteen people indiscriminately, taking life is an unforgivable offense. Now, the question is whether this is an isolated event. On May of this year, there was a similar shooting at the American base in Baghdad which caused five deaths. According to an association for returning soldiers, there have been five murder cases with purposeful intent in Iraq.

Regarding the May incident, Joint Chiefs of Staff Chairman Mullen has pointed out many times the stresses of being deployed to a front. With eight years of fighting in Afghanistan in addition to the garrisoning of Iraq from 2003 to midway through 2006, the burden on front line bases as well as those within the U.S. has been increasing.

The burdens keep on getting heavier. The National Military Establishment, which fills the role of replenishing the shortage of military personnel, has increased the length of the soldiers’ campaigning period from twelve to fifteen months. It has also shortened the rest period from two years to one. This comes at a time when the number of soldiers who have committed suicide is growing. It seems like America is beginning to descend into the dark atmosphere of the Vietnam War period.

One cannot help but sympathize with the soldiers who are suffering. The Obama administration too, having inherited two war fronts from the previous administration, is in a painful situation. Regardless of the legitimacy of the Iraq war, I cannot bring myself to derisively laugh at America, which continues to fight a difficult war.

It is up to America itself to reduce the burdens that come with its waging of war, because while other countries have contributed with their militaries and welfare programs, it is the U.S. military that will bear the main burden of fighting. In order to prevent future incidents like the one that just occurred, I am counting on the U.S. military to improve its vigilance.



社説:米基地内乱射 「戦争疲れ」が気になる

 兵士の心をいやす精神科の軍医が銃を乱射して13人もの友軍兵士を殺すまでに、どんな心の動きがあったのだろう。詳しい背景は不明ながら、米テキサス州フォートフッドの陸軍基地で起きた惨劇は、01年の同時多発テロ以降、戦いに明け暮れてきた米国の「戦争疲れ」をいや応なく感じさせるものだった。

 拘束されたニダル・マリク・ハサン容疑者(39)はアラブ系のイスラム教徒ゆえに基地内で嫌がらせを受けていたとされる。だが、同容疑者はイラクやアフガニスタンでの軍事行動を批判し、ネットでイスラム勢力の自爆テロを戦略的に評価するような発言をしていたという。基地内の同僚の反発は当然ともいえよう。

 オバマ米大統領はフセインのミドルネームを持ち、イスラム教徒の近親者もいる。イスラム教徒一般が米国の敵ではないとはいえ、イラクやアフガンへ赴く兵士たちは主にイスラム勢と戦うことになるのだ。

 同容疑者は、心的外傷後ストレス障害(PTSD)などに悩む患者の兵士から戦場の現実を聞かされただろう。自分自身が近くイラクなどの前線へ派遣されると知って同容疑者は悩み、弁護士を雇って派遣命令に抵抗していたという。

 だからといって無差別的に13人もの命を奪ったのは決して許されることではない。ただ、これを一過性の出来事と片づけていいかどうかだ。今年5月、バグダッドの米軍基地でも米兵が銃を乱射し他の米兵5人が死亡している。帰還米兵らの団体によると、この時点で意図的な友軍殺害事件がイラクで5件起きていた。

 5月の事件についてマレン米統合参謀本部議長は、何度も戦地へ派遣されるストレスを背景として指摘した。すでに8年に及ぶ米軍のアフガン攻撃、03年から6年半に及ぶイラク駐留は、前線のみならず米国内の基地にも大きな負担を強いている。

 しかも負担は重くなる一方だ。兵員不足を補うべく国防総省は兵士の従軍期間を従来の1年から15カ月に延長し、休息の期間も2年から1年に短縮したという。兵士の自殺者も増えている。ベトナム戦争時の暗い空気が米国を覆い始めているようだ。

 負担に苦しむ米兵には同情を禁じ得ない。前政権から二つの戦線を託されたオバマ政権もつらい立場だろう。イラク戦争の正当性はともあれ、苦しい戦いを続ける米国を冷笑する気にはなれない。

 ただ、戦闘に伴う米兵の負担を軽減するのは米国自身だ。他の国々も軍事や民生面で協力してきたが、主要な戦闘を担うのは、あくまで米軍である。今回のような事件を起こさないためにも、米軍が態勢を立て直すよう期待したい。
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