Of all American presidents, Barack Obama is certainly the one who has worked the most for gay rights after only two years in office. After requiring Congress to vote to end the military’s “don’t ask, don’t tell” law, which by its nature discriminated against homosexual soldiers, Obama announced a radical policy change on Wednesday.
Via a letter sent by Attorney General Eric Holder to Congress, the president made it known that the public prosecutor would no longer defend the 1996 American law that defines marriage as a union between a man and a woman. According to the terms of the letter, the Obama administration now believes that the law — the Defense of Marriage Act — is “unconstitutional” because it discriminates against homosexual couples.
The announcement could lead to a major evolution in gay rights in the United States. If judges are not required to recognize the right of homosexuals to marry, they cannot oppose it by citing the Defense of Marriage Act. This simply means that more and more gays can defend their right to marriage before the courts. And that the courts’ decisions will now be left up to the personal interpretation of judges. Groups defending gay rights have already announced their intention to take their case before the Supreme Court.
Until now, Barack Obama has said that he favors civil unions — not marriage — between homosexuals, but has repeatedly underscored that his position could evolve. Americans are themselves divided on gay marriage.
De tous les présidents américains, Barack Obama est certainement celui qui a oeuvré le plus pour le droit des gays, en seulement deux ans de mandat. Après avoir imposé au Congrès de voter la fin de la loi "don't ask, don't tell" dans l'armée, qui représentait de facto une discrimination envers les soldats homosexuels, Obama a annoncé mercredi un changement de politique radical.
Par l'intermédiaire d'une lettre envoyée par le ministre de la justice Eric Holder aux élus du Congrès, le président a fait savoir que le ministère public ne défendrait plus dorénavant la loi américaine de 1996 qui définit le mariage comme l'union d'un homme et d'une femme. Selon les termes de la lettre, l'administration Obama estime désormais que la loi -le Marriage Act- est "anti constitutionnelle", parce qu'elle impose une discrimination envers les couples homosexuels.
L'annonce pourrait entrainer une évolution majeure en ce qui concerne les droits des gays aux Etats-Unis. Si les juges ne reconnaitront pas obligatoirement le droit des homosexuels à se marier, ils ne pourront plus s'y opposer en évoquant le Marriage Act. Ce qui signifie tout simplement que de plus en plus de gays peuvent défendre devant les tribunaux leur droit au mariage. Et que les décisions de justice seront désormais laissées à l'interprétation personnelle des juges. Des groupes de défense des droits des homosexuels ont déjà annoncé leur intention de porter leur cas devant la Cour Suprême.
Jusqu'à présent, Barack Obama s'est dit en faveur de l'union civile-et non du mariage- entre homosexuels, mais a souligné à plusieurs reprises que sa position pouvait évoluer. Les Américains sont eux divisés sur le mariage gay.
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