TPP Negotiations: Seize Initiative from America

Published in Kanagawa Shimbun
(Japan) on 14 December 2013
by Editorial (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Stephanie Sanders. Edited by Gillian Palmer.
The year-end settlement for the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPP) has been postponed. The next ministerial-level talks are on course to open at the end of next January, but agreement is nowhere in sight. America’s uncompromising stance provides the setting for stalled negotiations.

In a continuing conflict with the Senate, President Obama’s balance of power throws a shadow. If the contents of the agreed-upon settlements cannot gain approval, it could be fatal to him as a national leader. Next November’s mid-term election, which could affect the course of the administration, also will inevitably be a hard-fought campaign.

The structure of negotiations is becoming “the U.S. vs. the other 11 countries, including Japan.” Saddled with its domestic affairs and rushing to conclusions and results, the U.S. is the one who should make concessions. I would like Japan to brace itself carefully, without regard to the settlement period.

America’s egocentricity is unacceptable. Japan, while having strong connections to the U.S., is a major economic superpower in Asia. It can play the role of mediator between the U.S. and Asia. If Japan strengthens ties with rising nations like Vietnam, it will be in range for seizing negotiation leadership from the U.S. I want to find common ground with Japanese leadership.

In the negotiations so far, Japan has offered proposals to the U.S. in the automotive sector in particular. Because of those conditions, I would like to defend — at all costs — the exceptions to tariff removal concerning the five important agricultural sectors.

Recognition of the so-called “handover of American sovereignty” is heard from other participating countries. I would like to cooperate with participating countries and increase international opinion, which will lead the U.S. to concessions.

Senior Vice Minister of the Cabinet Office Yasutoshi Nishimura, who attended in place of the ailing minister Akira Amari, carried out his duties. Despite rejecting America’s demands by saying “We cannot give even one millimeter,” negotiations did not break down. Each country in Asia, having come to regard Japan as pro-America, will also likely change its perspective.

In light of the announced minister’s medical condition, he will return to official duties in time for the upcoming ministerial-level talks. If the U.S. proceeds with full scale negotiations with Minister Amari, who has a tacit understanding with Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, the U.S. will not be able to unilaterally impose only its own claims.

President Obama is considering a tour of Asia, including Japan, around next April. The aim is to demonstrate his abilities on the diplomatic front and to regain domestic unity. Most likely, he truly intends to reach an agreement concerning the TPP no later than before his overseas travel schedule.

As time passes, President Obama’s prestige decreases. America is the one most in a hurry. I want to focus on the other party’s weak points. Now is the time for Japan to demonstrate its hard-line diplomatic skills.


TPP交渉

2013年12月14日

米国から主導権を奪え

 環太平洋連携協定(TPP)の年内妥結が見送られた。再度の閣僚級会合は来年1月末に開かれる方向だが、合意の見通しは立っていない。米国の強硬姿勢が交渉難航の背景になっている。

 議会と対立を続けるオバマ大統領の権力構図が影を落とす。妥結した協定の内容が議会の承認を得られない場合、国家指導者として命取りになりかねない。政権の行方を左右する来年11月の「中間選挙」も苦戦を免れない。

 交渉の構図は「米国」対「日本を含む他の11カ国」となりつつある。譲歩すべきは国内事情を抱え、結論や成果を急ぐ米国の方だろう。日本としては妥結時期にこだわらず、じっくり構えたい。

 米国の独り善がりは許されない。日本は米国との太いパイプを有するとともに、アジアの経済大国だ。米国とアジアの間の仲介役を担える。ベトナムなどアジアの新興国との連携を深めれば、米国から交渉の主導権を奪うことも視野に入る。日本主導で着地点を見いだしたい。

 これまでの交渉で日本は米国に対し、特に自動車部門で譲歩案を示してきた。その前提がある以上、農業の重要5項目についての「関税撤廃の例外化」は死守したい。

 「米国が譲る番」という認識は他の関係国からも聞かれる。同調する国々と協力し、米国を譲歩へ導く国際世論を高めたい。

 病気療養中の甘利明担当相に代わり出席した西村康稔内閣府副大臣は一定の任を果たした。米国側の要請を「1ミリも譲れない」と突っぱねつつも交渉は決裂させなかった。日本を「米国寄り」と捉えてきたアジア各国の見方も変わるはずだ。

 発表された担当相の病状に照らせば、公務復帰は次回の閣僚級会合に間に合う。安倍晋三首相と気脈を通じる甘利氏との本格交渉になれば、米国も一方的に自国の主張のみを押し付けられまい。

 オバマ大統領は来年4月を軸に日本を含めたアジア歴訪を検討している。外交面で手腕を発揮し、国内での求心力を取り戻す狙いだ。TPPについては、外遊日程の前までに妥結したいのが本音であろう。

 時の経過とともにオバマ大統領の威信は低下していく。焦っているのは米国の方だ。相手の足元をしっかり見据えたい。日本は今こそ、したたかな外交手腕を発揮する時だ。
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