Repeal Vulnerable In-Prefecture Relocation Plan

Published in Ryūkyū Shimpō
(Japan) on 2 September 2014
by (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Stephanie Sanders. Edited by Gillian Palmer.
Continuing to concentrate U.S. military bases in Okinawa is illogical, even from a military strategy standpoint. It is significant that diplomacy and security experts have recognized this.

Former U.S. Assistant Secretary of Defense Joseph Nye contributed an article to a U.S. news site (Huffington Post) in which he pointed out that, “As China invests in advanced ballistic missiles, the fixed bases on Okinawa become increasingly vulnerable,” and suggested that “the U.S. and Japan must rethink the structure of their alliance.”

Mr. Nye’s suggestion highlights the obstinacy of both the Japanese and U.S. governments in dispensing with reason and adhering to the current plan. If one were to predict the future of the relationship between Okinawa, Japan and the United States, it should be clear. Both governments should rethink the absurdity of confining military bases to just Okinawa.

It is very interesting that Mr. Nye based his argument on Chinese missiles. If four militaries’ bases are concentrated in Okinawa, in the event of an emergency, a few rounds of Chinese missiles would destroy the U.S. military bases in Japan, and cause injury and death to countless American soldiers. It is logical to disperse the risk and avoid concentrating the military in one region within missile range. The logic of ensuring a certain distance from enemy forces is known in military terms as "vertical depth."

In fact, the United States' Air-Sea Battle concept is steeped with this vertical depth guarantee. But in Japan, the aim of the concept is just stressed as being to hem in China, and the matter of being strongly aware of vertical depth is overlooked.

If one wishes to ensure vertical depth, concentrating U.S. forces on one prefecture is irrational. Defense and foreign affairs officials should be aware of this as a matter of course. But decentralization requires effort. It is not difficult to imagine that officials wish to avoid that effort. It might be because defense and foreign affairs officials have intentionally concealed this point of view that this idea is not being discussed from a vertical depth standpoint in Japan.

The article's reference to anger against the burden of U.S. bases in Okinawa is also significant. It appears to recognize that the overconcentration in Okinawa is, from both a geographic and political sense, a vulnerability. In 2011, Mr. Nye also contributed to the New York Times, where he offered the analysis that, "The current official plan to move the Marines inside Okinawa is unlikely to be acceptable to the Okinawan people."

This current reference to anger is probably because of a nearly identical analysis. In light of public opinion, it is clear that his evaluation is accurate. The Japanese and U.S. governments should repeal the politically and technologically irrational in-prefecture relocation plan before the wound becomes too deep.


<社説> ナイ氏寄稿 「脆弱」な県内移設は撤回を
2014年9月2日

 米軍基地を沖縄に集中させ続けることは軍事戦略上も非合理的だ。安全保障・外交の専門家がそう認めたことの意味は小さくない。
 ジョセフ・ナイ元米国防次官補が米ニュースサイト「ハフィントン・ポスト」に論文を寄稿し、「中国のミサイル技術が発達し、沖縄の米軍基地は脆弱(ぜいじゃく)になった」と指摘し「日米両国は同盟の構造を再考しなくてはならない」と提言した。
 ナイ氏の指摘は、合理性を抜きにして現行計画に固執する日米両政府の頑迷固陋(ころう)を浮き彫りにした。沖縄と日米、三者の関係の将来を見通せば分かるはずである。両政府は沖縄だけに基地を押し込めておく不条理を考え直すべきだ。
 ナイ氏が、中国のミサイルを論拠に据えた点が興味深い。沖縄に四軍の基地を集中させておけば有事の際、中国のミサイル数発で日本にある米軍の根拠地が壊滅し、米兵多数が死傷する。射程距離内の一地域に軍を集中するのを避け、リスクを分散しておきたいという論理だ。敵軍と一定の距離を確保すべきだというこの論理は、軍事用語で「縦深性」と呼ぶ。
 実は米国の「エア・シー・バトル構想」はこの縦深性確保の視点に貫かれている。だが日本では、構想の狙いが中国包囲網だと強調されるばかりで、縦深性を強く意識する点は見過ごされてきた。
 縦深性を確保しようと思えば、沖縄一県に米軍が集中するのは非合理的である。防衛・外務当局は当然、その視点を知っていたはずだ。だが分散は労力を要する。当局がその労を避けたいと考えるのは想像に難くない。米国のこの構想が日本で縦深性の観点から語られないのは、防衛・外務当局が意図的にこの観点を隠したからではないか。
 論文が「沖縄の基地負担に対する怒り」に言及した点も重要だ。沖縄一極集中が地理的にも政治的にも両方の意味で脆弱だと認めた格好である。ナイ氏は2011年にも米紙ニューヨーク・タイムズに寄稿し、「海兵隊を沖縄県内に移設する現行計画を沖縄の人々が受け入れる余地はほとんどない」と分析した。
 今回、「怒り」に言及したのも、ほぼ同様に分析しているからであろう。世論調査に照らせば正確な分析だと分かる。政治的にも軍事技術的にも非合理的な県内移設計画を、日米両政府は傷が深くならないうちに撤回すべきだ。
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