Blow to the Russian Economy

Published in El País
(Spain) on 14 September 2014
by Editorial (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Francesca Bragoli. Edited by Nicholas Eckart.
The sanctions policy is working. The U.S. and Europe have managed to insist on this course of action.

Just as Washington has continued to exert economic pressure against Russia, the European Union has managed to insist that the policy of economic sanctions played the decisive role for the Kremlin in the destabilization and break-up of Ukraine. Following the announcement of the European measures, the U.S. triggered others against Gazprom, the Russian energy giant, as well as the main banks and an industrial defense conglomerate. Coordination between Brussels and the U.S. raises trouble for the Russians in the form of retaliation.

In Europe, where supporters face a war of rhetoric and a confrontational policy to be taken over sooner or later, which will put the 28 member states in conflict with Moscow — the EU has opted to commit to measures that have proven efficient. These measures are much more responsive effective and in front of which, Vladimir Putin is much more sensitive when it comes time to weigh decisions with regard to his Western neighbor.

The final round of European sanctions brings two more important changes. The first is that it will affect the oil sector for the first time, which is a key part of the Russian economy. Therefore, Putin has received the message that the EU considers no area taboo when it comes time to apply sanctions. Moreover, there is no advantageous position prior to understanding, for example, that defeated summer did not make him about to put the subject of energy relations with Moscow on the table.

The other is that this second round of European measures applies after the member states agreed to announce the sanctions but not apply them, given the ceasefire agreement between the Ukrainian government and the pro-Russian rebels. A round of direct calls to five groups between President of the European Council Herman Van Rompuy and the leaders of the United Kingdom, Germany, France and Italy — and the unanimity between them, forged mainly by German Chancellor Angela Merkel — forced the rest of the European states to accept this method.

It is not possible to overlook that Spain — which expressed discretion on the application of these sanctions — has remained outside the inner circle where decisions are made. In this case, regarding the battle with Russia, they have already demonstrated that some national production sectors have been affected.


Golpe a la economía rusa

La política de sanciones está funcionando. EE UU y Europa aciertan al persistir en esa línea.

Al igual que Washington sigue adoptando medidas de presión económica contra Rusia, la Unión Europea acierta al insistir en la política de sanciones económicas por el papel determinante del Kremlin en la desestabilización y desmembramiento de Ucrania. Tras el anuncio de las medidas europeas, Estados Unidos desencadenó otras contra Gazprom, el gigante ruso del sector energético, así como los principales bancos y un conglomerado industrial de defensa. La coordinación entre Bruselas y Estados Unidos aumenta las dificultades rusas a la hora de desencadenar represalias.

En Europa, frente a los partidarios de una retórica belicista y una política de confrontación —que de ser asumida tarde o temprano pondría a los Veintiocho en la tesitura de un enfrentamiento total con Moscú—, la UE opta por incidir en medidas que se han mostrado eficaces y ante las cuales Vladímir Putin es mucho más sensible a la hora de sopesar las decisiones respecto a su vecino occidental.

La última tanda de sanciones europeas aporta además dos importantes novedades. Una es que por primera vez afectan al sector petrolero, clave en la economía rusa. Putin recibe así con toda claridad el mensaje de que la UE considera que no hay temas tabú a la hora de aplicar sanciones y que no parte de una posición de ventaja previa al entender, por ejemplo, que vencido el verano no se iba a poner sobre la mesa el tema energético en las relaciones con Moscú.

La otra es que esta segunda tanda de medidas europeas se aplica después de que los Veintiocho acordaran anunciar las sanciones pero no aplicarlas, dado el alto el fuego alcanzado entre el Gobierno ucranio y los secesionistas prorrusos. Una ronda de llamadas directas a cinco bandas entre el presidente del Consejo, Herman Van Rompuy, y los jefes de Gobierno de Reino Unido, Alemania, Francia e Italia —y la unanimidad entre ellos, forjada principalmente por la canciller Angela Merkel— forzaron al resto de socios europeos a aceptar la medida.

No es posible pasar por alto que España —que había expresado sus reservas sobre la aplicación de esas sanciones— ha quedado fuera del núcleo duro donde se toman las decisiones. En este caso, sobre un asunto, el de la pugna con Rusia, donde ya se ha demostrado que resultan afectados algunos sectores productivos nacionales.
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