Will America Fade in the Showdown Between Trump and Clinton?

Published in Sina
(China) on 26 June 2016
by Zhang Jingwei (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Jake Eberts. Edited by Helaine Schweitzer.
The author is a research fellow at the Charhar Institute. The views in this essay do not represent those of the organization.

The Brexit vote and the EURO Cup have for the time being set the entire world’s sights on Europe, as if the brawl that is the American presidential election could be forgotten.

The latest opinion polls show that since the middle of June, the presumptive Democratic Party nominee Hillary Clinton’s lead over rival presumptive Republican nominee Donald Trump has dropped by five percentage points. The gap in public opinion between the two in the race for the White House has shrunk to nine points. From this it can still be seen that Trump’s effort to use the Orlando shooting to pull in the populist vote was ineffective, and if anything incited anger. In addition, Trump has fired his controversial campaign manager and is far behind Clinton in fundraising efforts. It appears that although Trump definitely represents the Republicans in their battle with Clinton, according to current polls, his chances are not great.

However, although she is currently leading, Clinton by no means commands absolute superiority. Clinton has been continuously unable to rid herself of “email-gate,” troubles with government funds and the “Crooked Hillary” label. These are not just problems identified by Trump, but are also targets of criticism from opponents within her own party. Even her husband’s sex scandal was viewed as partially her fault. The economic prosperity of the Clinton era has been meticulously challenged by Trump. When Clinton cited this prosperity to show the success of her husband and of the Democratic Party, Trump still mouthed off. Americans approve of the era’s flourishing economy, but not of the Clinton family.

Ironically, although Clinton’s popular support has consistently measured 10 percentage points above Trump’s, in the war of words between the two, she is definitely not taking the lead. Moreover, Clinton has started criticizing Trump as “outside of the norm.” But as she, like Trump, uses the same negative themes as weapons, she is falling into a trap. The so-called anti-immigrants, misogynists, and anti-globalizationist supporters, in addition to Trump’s disrespectful remarks about a judge of Mexican descent, all look like serious liabilities, but in reality, he is using these very anti-intellectuals to win widespread popular support.

As Trump marches forth, Clinton continues to reveal even more faults. With either of these two people leading America on the stage for the next four to eight years — one with no government experience but able to move people’s hearts, and one with experience but alienating to others — what will the future image of America be?

Should Trump become president of the United States, and even if only a portion of his election promises are realized as law, America would no longer be America, and so too would the world be changed.

Americans may have a deep attraction to Trump’s promise to cut American taxes by $10 billion, but if this nonsense were to become actual policy, America would risk facing the worst financial crisis in its history. The American tax regime is robust yet sensitive; no matter if it is a Republican or Democratic government, extreme caution must be had in both raising and lower taxes. Otherwise, changes in the tax system would alter systematic interests inherent in taxation, and thus incite social unrest and could even shake the very foundation of the nation. Looking at Obama’s term, the debt ceiling adjustment and medical insurance issues, both of which did not directly touch the fundamental machinations of finance and taxes, have still caused much uproar and sharp contest between the two parties, all the while creating lasting resentment among all strata of society.

Trump’s tax cuts are all talk, but his dual political and economic populism are the basis of his support and could be partially implemented if he were elected. People ought to ask: if America shuts its gates to immigrants, and loses its melting pot spirit, will it still posses the soft power of a global democratic leader? If American multinational corporations were to withdraw from global markets, and if America were to no longer uphold its security responsibilities to East Asian allies, and if it were to abandon its alliances in the Middle East and NATO — would it still be the world’s leader? Global order would enter into unpredictable chaos, especially as the flames of terrorism spread in the Asian hinterlands and toward Europe. America under Trump is difficult to imagine, because this America has no future, and the world will be full of uncertainty.

So what about Hillary? This former first lady and Obama’s secretary of state; were she to enter the White House, she would not only become the first female president, but she would also become America’s first president whose husband also served as president. But this is not particularly important; the world is concerned with whether or not Clinton is able to provide Americans with a normal America, bestowing the world with a sense of safety, not anxiety.

It seems logical that Clinton will appear to keep America heading forward on the normal track, but she still has her own flaws when it comes to political ideals and ideology. At the very least, she lacks a sufficient amount of political consistency. On one hand she does need to appear overly agreeable during the election, and so has fallen into the war of negativity with Trump. But if she is always so tied up by her opponents, she would not make a good president. Additionally, President Obama’s greatest strategic design, excluding the geopolitical shift to rebalance in East Asia, is the global economic Trans-Pacific Partnership, which supplements a former trade agreement. This is certainly aimed at China, and thus, Obama’s strategy views Clinton’s efforts as secretary of state like a return to “smart power” in Asia. No matter if it is Trump or even the Democrat Bernie Sanders, they both have reason to oppose the TPP, but Hillary Clinton does not. Yet in reality, she stands in opposition to Obama on TPP, evoking her insincerity; people have reason to suspect the political nature of a “President Hillary.”

The earth is changing, and so, too, is the United States. In an uncertain, globalizing world, the unconventional American election also indicates a transformational period in American politics. Whether Trump is good, or Clinton is bad — what kind of future will they bring for America? Will the American dream fade away?


(作者为察哈尔学会研究员,本文观点不代表署名机构立场)
英国的脱欧公投和欧洲杯让世界的目光暂时聚焦于欧洲,美国大选的厮杀声似乎为人淡忘。
最新民调显示,6月中旬以来,美国民主党总统参选人希拉里领先对手共和党总统参选人川普的差距减少5个百分点,这2位逐鹿白宫参选人的民调差距缩小至9个百分点。由此看出,川普利用奥兰多枪击案来拉抬民粹选票的努力,效果并不彰显,反而引发公愤。此外,川普开除引发争议的竞选总干事和在募集竞选资金方面远远落后于希拉里。似乎,即使川普铁定代表共和党和希拉里一决雄雌,按照现在的民意川普似乎胜算不大。
但是,优势在身的希拉里并不占绝对优势。希拉里一直未能摆脱“邮电门”、政治献金的困扰,“不诚实的希拉里”不仅被川普扭住不放,也是党内竞争对手批驳的靶子。甚至,她的夫君当年的性丑闻,也被视为希拉里的责任。克林顿时代的经济繁荣,也被川普刻意地挑拣出来--当希拉里以此来证明他夫君和民主党的政绩时,川普反唇相讥--美国人认可当时的美国繁荣,但不喜欢克林顿一家。
讽刺的是,虽然希拉里的民意支持率一直高于川普近10个百分点,但和川普的话语权博弈中,希拉里并不占上风。而且,希拉里开始用川普“不入流”的表述风格和他对战。和川普一样用负面主题作为攻击武器,其实是上了川普的当。所谓反移民、反女性、反全球化包括川普对墨西哥裔法官的不敬言论,看上去是川普的硬伤,但川普就是以此反智言论赢得了广泛的民意支持。
跟着川普节奏走,希拉里反而暴露更多缺陷。没有执政经验但能鼓动人心和有执政经验但令人生厌的两个人,主演美国未来4年或8年的政治剧,该是怎样的图景?

若川普成为美国总统,他的竞选承诺即使只有部分兑现成政策,美国将不是美国,世界也将变了模样。

美国人对川普降税10万亿美元的说辞或许印象深刻,但是这一说辞若真的成了政策,美国人将面临着有史以来最严重的财政危机。美国的财税体制是健全且敏感的,无论是共和党政府还是民主党政府,对于提税或降税的改革都非常慎重。否则,财税体制的改革,将牵动系统性的利益调整,从而引发社会震动甚至国家基础的动摇。以奥巴马时代为例,债务上限调整和医疗保险这些尚未触及财税体制根本的动作,就引发了美国两党体制的激烈博弈,并在社会各基层形成了延烧效应。
川普的降税政策或只是说说,但其政治和经济上的双重民粹主义,是其凝聚美国民意的基础,他若当选或可部分兑现承诺。人们不妨想象,如果美国关上移民大门,美国熔炉精神不再,美国还具有民主世界领袖的软实力吗?若美国跨国企业从全球市场撤离、美国对亚洲盟友不再承担安保责任,美国放弃中东和大西洋两岸的同盟关系,美国还是全球领导者吗?全球秩序将陷入难以预料的混乱中,尤其恐怖主义的邪火在亚洲腹地和欧洲大陆蔓延。因而,川普治下的美国难以想象,这样的美国没有未来,世界也充满不确定性。
希拉里呢?这位前第一夫人和奥巴马时代的国务卿,她若入主白宫,不仅创造了第一位女总统的奇迹,也成就了美国历史上的首位夫妻总统。但这些都不是关键,全世界关切的都是希拉里能否还给美国人一个正常的美国,让世界充满安全感而不是焦虑不安。
从逻辑上看,希拉里似乎能够让美国沿着既有的常态轨道前行,但从希拉里的政治理念和意识形态看,她也有自己的缺陷。起码,她缺乏足够的政治定性。一方面基于选举需要过于投机,和川普陷入庸俗的负面话题之争。作为美国总统,如果总是被对手绑架,显然不是好总统。另一方面,奥巴马总统的最大战略调整,除了地缘政治层面的亚太再平衡战略,就是地缘经济方面的跨太平洋伙伴关系协议(TPP),后者是前者的补充。这显然是针对中国--而奥巴马的战略调整也包含了希拉里助力之功,如重返亚洲的“巧实力”。因而,不管是川普,也不管是民主党的桑德斯,都有理由反对TPP,希拉里没有理由反对TPP。现实却是,希拉里也站在了奥巴马的反面--联想到希拉里的不诚实,人们有理由对“希拉里总统”的政治品格充满怀疑。
世界在变化,美国也在变化。在全球经济不明朗的现实下,美国大选的另类也意味着美国迎来政治转型期。川普也好,希拉里也罢,他们给美国人带来怎样的未来?美国梦会否失色?
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