The U.S. government has made the decision to bury the controversial travel warnings with which it periodically sentenced certain countries for their security and public order problems and has established a global travel advisory ranking that classifies all the nations of the world into four categories, considering the internal peculiarities of each of them at a territorial level.
The U.S. travel alerts have become an uncomfortable burden for many governments, due to the negative perception that is generated within the international tourist market. The system change, however, is more coherent and realistic and less harmful, as it puts an end to the harmful generalization that demonized certain countries, which were described as risky, despite the fact there are large areas of their territory that have a low level of insecurity and danger. The new classification differentiates the areas in each country where the threats are visible and specific.
For years, the travel warnings placed Colombia in the spotlight and influenced the restriction of American tourist travel, America providing our second largest flow of travelers from abroad, with more than half a million visits. These now missing warnings were fed not only with acts of terrorist violence, but with other events that are part of our daily life: from traffic law transgressions, to the use of psychotropic substances in rumba places, and altercations with firearms resulting from street disputes. The manual of extensive warnings, disseminated among citizens and accredited diplomatic bodies, caused people to have reservations about traveling and posed a barrier to tourism.
Although the new method reflects some of these concerns, it differs from the previous one in that it no longer stigmatizes an entire country – except where security risks are evident – but it individualizes, with precise information, the level of danger that may arise in different parts of the country. The current ranking establishes four categories: The first invites tourists to take normal precautions in the travel destination; the second suggests taking extreme prevention measures during the visit; the third proposes asking travelers to reconsider the trip; and the fourth categorically recommends that travelers disregard coming.
Two countries in the region were classified in the same category: Mexico and Brazil, as well as some important allies of the United States, including Spain, France, Germany and the United Kingdom, where the terrorist attacks led by Islamic groups loom like a shadow that stalks the tranquility of residents and tourists. Terrorist actions undertaken by criminal gangs and the ELN, a small, scattered, illegal group with a hierarchical structure that has no command authority but which has enormous capacity to inflict damage, constitute one of the main reasons for which half the country remains classified as high risk travel under the ranking imposed by U.S. authorities. This is a categorical warning for the government to take the bull by the horns and take action in matters of infrastructure and public order in those vast promising areas, in order to close the circle of crime and put an end to the delay of progress and the continued violation of its social fabric.
Anyway, it is curious that the United States, the first world power, where outbreaks of violence from time to time shake the tranquility of their cities and death by firearms are recorded at among the highest rates in the world, is always pointing an accusatory finger at others to prioritize their public security policies, looking at the straw poking someone else’s eye and not the beams shining in theirs, against which they intend to erect a concrete wall.
El gobierno estadounidense tomó la decisión de sepultar las controversiales travel warnings —con las que periódicamente sentenciaba a determinados paÃses por sus problemas de seguridad y de orden público— y estableció un ranking global de asesorÃa al viajero —travel advisory—, que clasifica en cuatro categorÃas a todas las naciones del mundo, considerando en cada una de ellas sus particularidades internas a nivel territorial.
Las alertas de viaje gringas se convierten en un incómodo lastre para muchos gobiernos, por la percepción negativa en la imagen que se genera dentro del mercado turÃstico internacional. El cambio de sistema, sin embargo, resulta más coherente y realista y menos perjudicial, por cuanto le pone punto final a esa nociva generalización que satanizaba a ciertos paÃses, a los que se calificaba de riesgosos, pese a disponer de amplias zonas de sus territorios con bajos niveles de inseguridad y peligro. La nueva clasificación discrimina en cada paÃs las zonas donde las amenazas son visibles y especÃficas.
Las travel warnings tuvieron a Colombia durante muchos años en la mira e influyeron en la restricción de oferta de turistas estadounidenses, nuestro segundo flujo más importante de viajeros del exterior, con más de medio millón de visitas. Estas desaparecidas alertas se alimentaban no solo con hechos de violencia terrorista, sino con otros sucesos que forman parte de nuestra cotidianidad: desde la transgresión a las leyes de tránsito, hasta el uso de sustancias sicotrópicas en lugares de rumba y los altercados con armas de fuego resultantes de disputas callejeras. El amplio manual de advertencias, difundido entre ciudadanos y cuerpo diplomático acreditado, provocaba reservas y colocaba barreras al turismo.
Las acciones terroristas emprendidas por bandas criminales y el Eln, un grupo ilegal pequeño, disperso, con estructura jerárquica sin autoridad de mando, pero con enorme capacidad de daño, constituyen uno de los principales motivos para que medio paÃs se mantenga encasillado en los rangos de alto riesgo impuestos por las autoridades gringas. Una advertencia categórica para que el Gobierno tome el toro por los cachos y lidere acciones en materia de infraestructura y orden público en esas vastas zonas promisorias, a fin de cerrarle el cÃrculo a la delincuencia y ponerle fin al retraso de su progreso y a la continuada vulneración de su tejido social.
De todas maneras, no deja de ser curioso que Estados Unidos, el primer policÃa del mundo, donde los brotes de violencia sacuden de cuando en cuando la tranquilidad de sus ciudades y las muertes con armas de fuego registran una de las tasas más altas del mundo, se muestre siempre dispuesto —con el dedo acusador— a priorizar sus polÃticas públicas de seguridad, mirando la paja en el ojo ajeno y no las vigas propias, con las que pretende levantar un muro de concreto a su alrededor.
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