Foreign Media Exposes US Proxy War Program

Published in Chinese National Defense News
(China) on 11 July 2022
by Zhang Chi (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Andrew Engler. Edited by Wes Vanderburgh.
According to U.S. news organization The Intercept, several senior U.S. officials have confirmed that the U.S. Department of Defense has waged multiple proxy wars around the world through secretive programs collectively called 127e. The U.S. is sabotaging and overthrowing regimes worldwide, which not only raises serious doubts among the international community but may also backfire against U.S. national interests in the future.

Secret Programs Exposed

The Intercept cited exclusive documents and interviews with senior Pentagon officials, revealing that in recent years, the U.S. military has been secretly authorized to wage proxy wars abroad through 127e.

The program is primarily active in the Middle East and Asia-Pacific regions. Foreign media previously reported on the United States' conducting 127e operations in multiple African countries. Documents recently obtained by The Intercept provided the first official confirmation that the U.S. is carrying out 127e operations in the Middle East and Asia-Pacific. According to the report, from 2017 to 2020, the U.S. spent $310 million on the 127e program, waging at least 23 proxy wars worldwide, 14 of which were confirmed to be in the Middle East and Asia-Pacific. Joseph Votel, former commander of the U.S. Central Command, said the U.S. has carried out 127e operations in Egypt, Lebanon, Syria and Yemen. An anonymous former senior U.S. Pentagon official attested that the U.S. had conducted 127e operations in Iraq. The documents also revealed that the U.S. is carrying out 127e operations in Tunisia. The American press previously reported that the U.S. has a long record of assisting the Egyptian and Lebanese armies, but using their troops as U.S. proxy forces is an important new development in Washington's relations with these two Arab countries.

Every aspect of the 127e program deserves to be condemned. According to a disclosure by a senior U.S. Pentagon official, under secret authorization, the U.S. has been using foreign troops and private contractors to carry out 127e operations in the name of counterterrorism. The U.S. provides them with weapons, training and intelligence. The Intercept emphasized that, unlike traditional foreign assistance programs aimed at improving local military capability, the partners of the 127e program are assigned to perform special missions directed by the U.S., targeting "U.S. enemies" in order to achieve U.S. aims. Retired U.S. generals familiar with the 127e program said that it is highly effective at combating foreign armed groups while minimizing risks to U.S. personnel.

Condemning the Hidden Dangers

The revelation of the U.S. military's secret proxy wars program was a bombshell, rocking public opinion and drawing widespread attention and condemnation from around the world.

First, the program has been condemned for lack of transparency. To date, the Pentagon and U.S. Special Operations Command have declined to comment on the 127e program. A U.S. government official familiar with the program told The Intercept that only a handful of lawmakers on the congressional Armed Services and Intelligence Committees had seen the 127e report, and other members of Congress didn't even know the program existed. According to reports, the first time the 127e program faced strict scrutiny was when the radical Islamic State group's armed militants killed four special forces soldiers in an ambush in Niger in 2017. Many senior senators claimed they knew almost nothing of U.S. operations there.

Second, the program has been condemned for insufficient supervision and accountability. There are those in the U.S. insisting that the use of classified authorization to wage proxy wars raises serious accountability and oversight issues and likely violates the Constitution. According to The Intercept, a key distinguishing feature of the 127e program is that its personnel can enter areas that even elite U.S. troops cannot, and there are oversight concerns regarding these activities. The article also pointed out that the criteria for selecting partners are very simple: any armed forces or group that can help the U.S. achieve its strategic goals can participate. This practice has been widely criticized domestically as well as internationally. For example, through the 127e program, the U.S. military established long-term cooperative partnerships with the Cameroonian and Egyptian armies, causing considerable domestic unrest.

Third, the program has been condemned for undermining regional stability. The Syrian crisis is a typical example of the U.S. waging a proxy war. Since the outbreak of the Syrian crisis in 2011, the U.S. has assisted in arming the Syrian opposition in various ways, rapidly transforming the initial protests into a full-blown military conflict. The U.S. creates wars through local armed forces, luring them with money and weapons, and persuades these proxies to fight for it under the pretext of spreading democracy. U.S. actions have crippled Syria's economic development. The Syrian people wallow in suffering, and regional stability has been shattered.

Future Development Requires Vigilance

Proxy wars refer to wars waged by major powers to avoid direct involvement in conflicts, using proxies to precipitate or engage in a war. Proxy wars are a strategic tool for great powers seeking hegemony. The U.S. has long been seen as knowing the intricacies of proxy warfare. In 1955, President Dwight D. Eisenhower declared that proxy warfare was "the cheapest insurance in the world." Since World War II, in addition to launching war, the U.S. has also launched many proxy wars, stirring up conflict and inciting civil wars in other countries. The U.S. shadow is never absent from major armed conflicts and wars.

The U.S. military will continue to play the role of "world police" under the artifice of "counterterrorism," "protecting human rights," "upholding democracy," and "defending peace." It uses the low-cost method of proxy warfare to maximize its own strategic interests. From the U.S. perspective, this not only avoids direct involvement in war, increases control over other countries and regions, and expands the U.S. sphere of influence, but it also fills the coffers of the military-industrial complex comprising the U.S. Armed Forces, defense contractors and politicians.

Judging from U.S. media reports, U.S. diplomatic and military strategy is shifting eastward and requires us to be vigilant. The main battlegrounds of U.S. proxy wars are gradually turning from Africa and the Middle East to the Asia-Pacific region. As the U.S. accelerates the implementation of the Indo-Pacific strategy, the deployment of military personnel to forward operating bases and military construction for encirclement, the security environment in the Asia-Pacific region will deteriorate. U.S. proxy wars in the region might trigger a chain reaction, complicating and devastating regional security.


外媒曝光美代理人战争计划


据美国“拦截者”网站报道,多名美国高级官员证实,美国国防部曾通过名为“127e”的秘密项目,在全球策动多场代理人战争。美国在全球开展颠覆破坏活动,相关情况不仅引发国际舆论强烈质疑,未来也恐将对自身国家利益产生“反噬”效应。

秘密计划遭曝光

“拦截者”网站援引相关文件和美国国防部高级官员的话称,独家文件和对美国军方人员的采访显示,近年来,美军经秘密授权,通过“127e”项目,在境外持续开展代理人战争。

地点聚焦中东亚太。外媒此前报道称,美国曾在多个非洲国家开展“127e”行动。“拦截者”网站获得的文件首次证实,美国在中东和亚太地区也开展了这一行动。报道称,2017年至2020年,美国通过“127e”项目,耗资3.1亿美元在全球开展了至少23次代理人战争,其中至少14次发生在中东和亚太地区。前美军中央司令部司令约瑟夫·沃特尔表示,美国在埃及、黎巴嫩、叙利亚和也门等国曾开展“127e”行动。一名不愿公开姓名的前美国国防部高级官员证实,美国曾在伊拉克开展“127e”行动。文件显示,美国也在突尼斯开展过相关行动。美媒称,美国援助埃及和黎巴嫩军队的历史由来已久,但将埃及和黎巴嫩军队作为美国代理人,是华盛顿与这两个阿拉伯国家关系的重要发展。

方式强调全程指控。据美国国防部高级官员透露,经秘密授权,美国利用外国军队和非正规武装力量,以开展所谓“反恐行动”的名义遂行“127e”行动。美国向上述部队提供武器、训练和情报。美媒强调,不同于旨在提高当地应对能力的传统对外援助项目,“127e”项目的合作伙伴会被指派执行由美方指挥、针对“美方敌人”的特定任务,以实现美国的目标。熟悉“127e”项目的美军退役将领表示,该项目在打击外国武装团体方面非常有效,同时最大限度降低了美方人员风险。

问题隐患被诟病

美军秘密代理人战争计划的曝光,无异于一枚“舆论炸弹”,引发外界广泛关注和负面评论。

一是被指责透明程度不高。迄今为止,美国国防部和美军特种作战司令部拒绝就“127e”项目作出任何评价。一名熟悉这一项目的美国政府官员告诉“拦截者”网站,美国国会军事委员会和情报委员会中只有少数议员看过“127e”项目报告,其他人甚至不知道这一项目的存在。据悉,自2017年极端组织“伊斯兰国”武装分子在尼日尔一次伏击中杀死4名美军特种兵后,该计划首次面临严格审查。许多高级参议员声称,他们对美国在那里的行动“知之甚少”。

二是被批评监督问责不够。美国国内有声音认为,使用鲜为人知的授权开展代理人战争,会引发严重问责和监督问题,并有可能违反美国宪法。美国媒体称,“127e”项目的一大显著特点,是相关人员可进入即使是美国精锐部队也无法进入的地区,相关活动的监管令人担忧。还有媒体指出,美国判断合作对象的标准十分简单,凡是能帮助美国达成战略目的武装力量和组织,都可以作为合作对象。这种做法遭到美国国内和国际舆论广泛批评。比如,根据“127e”项目,美军曾与喀麦隆军队和埃及军队建立长期合作伙伴关系,这在美国国内引发广泛争议。

三是被批评破坏地区稳定。美国发动代理人战争的典型事例就是叙利亚危机。自2011年叙利亚危机爆发以来,美国通过多种形式支持叙反对派武装,使最初的抗议示威迅速发展成以全面冲突为特征的代理人战争。美国通过当地武装力量来制造战争,用金钱和武器引诱他们,以传播民主为借口说服这些代理人为美国作战。美国这一行径使叙利亚经济发展遭受重创,叙利亚人民深陷苦难,地区稳定遭到破坏。

未来发展需警惕

代理人战争是指某些大国为避免直接介入冲突,策动或支持代理方发动的战争。其本质是大国谋求霸权的战略工具。一直以来,美国被视为操弄代理人战争的行家里手。1955年,时任美国总统艾森豪威尔曾宣称,代理人战争是“世界上最便宜的保险”。二战以来,除直接发动战争外,美国还多次发动代理人战争,煽动他国内战或制造国与国之间冲突。可以说,在世界主要战争或武装冲突中,总是不乏美国的身影。

未来,美军仍将继续充当“世界警察”,以所谓“反恐”“保护人权”“维护民主”“捍卫和平”等为噱头,运用代理人战争这一低成本方式,实现自身战略利益最大化。在美国看来,这样既能避免主动介入战事,强化对其他国家和地区控制,扩张自身势力范围,还能令美国军方、军火商和政客捆绑形成的“军工复合体”赚得盆满钵满。

需要警惕的是,从美媒曝光的情况看,伴随着美国外交和军事战略重心东移,美国代理人战争的主战场也逐渐从非洲和中东转移至亚太地区。下一步,伴随着美国加快推进“印太战略”落地、加速前沿基地军力部署、加紧构建军事包围圈,亚太地区安全环境将趋于恶化。美国在该地区开展代理人战争可能引发连锁反应,使地区安全局势更趋复杂严峻。


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