America’s Debt Limit Discussions: Don’t Take the World Down Your Path 

Published in Mainichi
(Japan) on 27 July 2011
by (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Kenny Nagata. Edited by Derek Ha.
A situation we thought was “impossible” is getting closer day by day. That situation is a default on America’s debt, the most credible in the world.

The deadline is Aug. 2. If the U.S. Congress doesn’t raise the federal debt limit, which is currently $14.3 trillion (approximately 1.13 quadrillion yen), the government’s cash will run out, government workers will not be paid, Social Security funds will be stopped and administrative stagnation will be unavoidable.

However, the biggest concerns are chaos in the financial markets or a shock to the global economy due to a default. The markets are still saying it’s impossible, advising trust in a settlement at the 11th hour. For a short time, however, the yen exchange market gradually raised to break 77 yen per dollar.

American credit rating agency Moody’s Investors Service first awarded the highest AAA rating to American debt in 1917, to a country that seemed the furthest from a default for nearly a century. It is extremely difficult to predict the influence of an unexpected collapse.

However, regardless of market and global insecurity, Washington is still continuing an inward-facing political game. Minority parties, rather than narrowing the gap, seem to be widening it beyond repair.

The Republican plan is to raise the debt ceiling in two phases this year and next and to discuss a fundamental deficit reduction plan in the second phase. This aims to shake their competition next fall just prior to the elections. In this regard, the Democrats want to raise the limit one time by the amount they will need until the end of next year.

Politicians in any country think of their next elections. Especially in the U.S. House of Representatives, where every seat is up for election every two years, congressmen always tend to take the stances of their constituencies. The Republican Party took the majority in the House of Representatives in last year’s midterm elections, and the tea party, a conservative grassroots movement that helped bring about that political victory, is applying great pressure to firmly oppose raising the limit.

However, what they should prioritize is confidence in the dollar, which is of much greater national interest. Of course, it is urgent to make an agreement to raising the debt ceiling, but an effective and drastic deficit reduction plan is essential. A half-baked settlement would eventually invite a downgrade and, even if short-lived, low global stock prices would cause fear from a sudden drop in the dollar (a sudden spike for the yen) or a sudden rise in long-term interest rates.

“We can’t allow the American people to become collateral damage to Washington’s political warfare.” In a deadlock situation, President Obama addressed the nation to call for a compromise. However, it is not only the American public that gets entangled. It hasn’t even been three years since the shock over Lehman Brothers, and the world is again involved in a financial crisis born in America. No matter which way you look at it, that is hard to accept.


「ありえない」と思われてきた事態が、日一日と現実に近づいている。世界で最も信用力が高い米国債の債務不履行(デフォルト)だ。

期限は8月2日。それまでに米議会が現行14.3兆ドル(約1130兆円)の連邦債務の法定上限を引き上げられなければ、政府の現金は底をつき、公務員への給料支払いや社会保障の給付が止まり、行政サービスが深刻な停滞を余儀なくされる。

だが最も心配なのはデフォルトによる金融市場の混乱や世界経済への打撃だ。市場はまだ「ありえない」と土壇場での決着を信じようとしているが、円相場が一時、1ドル=77円台に突入するなど、次第に緊迫の度合いが高まってきた。

米格付け会社、ムーディーズ・インベスターズ・サービスが初めてトリプルAという最高位の格付けを与えた1917年以来、1世紀近く最もデフォルトから遠い位置にあった米国債である。想定外の事態に陥った時の影響は極めて予測しがたい。

ところが市場や世界の不安をよそに、ワシントンでは今なお、内向きの政治ゲームが続く。与野党の溝は狭まるどころか、むしろ修復し難いほど開きつつあるようだ。

債務の上限引き上げを今年、来年の2段階で行い、本格的な財政赤字削減策の協議を2段階目の引き上げと絡めたい共和党。来年秋の選挙前に相手を揺さぶる狙いがある。これに対し民主党は今回1回で来年末までの必要分を引き上げたい考えだ。

政治家が次の選挙を意識するのはどこの国でも同じだろう。特に全議席が2年ごとに改選となる米下院では、議員が常に選挙区受けを狙った言動を取り がちだ。その下院で過半数を握るのが昨年の中間選挙で躍進した共和党だが、勝利を支えた保守系草の根運動「ティーパーティー」から、上限引き上げに断固反 対するよう強い圧力がかかっている。

しかし、ここはドルの信用を守るという、はるかに大きな国益を優先させるべきだ。債務の上限引き上げで早急に合意することはもちろん、実効性のある抜本的な財政赤字削減策も不可欠である。中途半端な妥結では、結局、格下げを招き、短期的にせよ、ドルの急落(円の急騰)や長期金利の急上昇、世界的株 安など負の連鎖が起きる恐れがある。

「ワシントンの政争が米国民を巻き添えにするようなことは許されない」--。事態打開の道が見えない中、オバマ大統領は国民向けに演説し妥協を呼 びかけた。しかし巻き添えになりそうなのは米国民だけではない。リーマン・ショックからまだ3年もたたないのに、世界が再度、米国発の金融危機に巻き込ま れることなど、到底、受け入れがたい。
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