Large-Scale Stationing of USMC: The Start of a Big Transformation

Published in Ryukyu Shimpo
(Japan) on 17 November 2011
by (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Stephanie Chiu. Edited by Hoishan Chan.
Connect the dots to make a line and cast light upon the true nature of everything.

As arguments favoring restrictive deployment of troops waver after rapid progresses in military technology, the recent movement of American troops in the Asia-Pacific region takes on the distinct shape of a harbinger of growing change, even on the issue of the Okinawan bases.

During his first visit to Australia, President Barack Obama relayed his plan to station about 200 to 250 U.S. Marines in the north. There has been no real military presence in Australia until now.

The goal is to restrain China’s military buildup, which has generated friction through territorial disputes with neighboring countries over the South China Sea.

Australia is preparing itself through training in jungle warfare, among other areas. Both America and Australia are planning to expand the number of stationed troops to 2500 in the future, but depending on the state of military affairs, it could possibly increase by even more.

The range of Chinese military missiles is increasing, and cruise missiles will be set to target American aircraft carriers. The U.S. Armed Forces have realized that the Okinawan and Guam bases, which fall in range of those missiles, will be vulnerable, creating a problem.

In order to deal with this development, a concept called AirSea Battle, which scatters deployment of military force and disperses American bases outside of Chinese missile range, has been created. Stationing troops in Australia is no doubt a part of this much larger plan.

Even with the dispersion of military strength, however, there should be some concrete movement towards verifying that American armed forces will not be hindered.

The U.S. Marine Corps has placed three expeditionary forces on both the east and west coasts of their own country, but outside the U.S., the only base that has been developed is at Okinawa. You could say that that’s an indication that the center of American military forces in the Asia-Pacific region, which has persisted in sending large-scale garrisons to Okinawa and raising its geographic predominance, is now in the process of diverting its attention to surrounding and watching China from a distance.

Secretary of State Hillary Clinton mentioned in an article that achieving the ideal Asian diplomacy “require[s] that the United States pursue a more geographically distributed, operationally resilient and politically sustainable force posture.”

An American researcher well-informed on the relationship between the U.S.-Japan Security Treaty and Okinawa questions the transfer of U.S. Marines in Okinawa to the American west coast as an example of the “Theory of Backward Expansion.”

There are discussions and reviews that are checking records related to the AirSea Battle concept, and despite Okinawa’s firm opposition to the relocation of U.S. Marine Corps Air Station Futenma within the prefecture, the circumstances there are the exact opposite of a “sustainable” situation if you take the perspective that the U.S.-Japan Security Treaty is trying to achieve mid-range stability.

Hasn’t the role of the Marines in Okinawa in both military and political affairs already ended?


米海兵隊豪駐留 大きな変化の始まりだ
2011年11月17日
 点と点をつなぎ合わせると線になり、物事の本質が照らし出されることがある。
 軍事技術の飛躍的進展に伴い、軍の配置を限定的に捉える論拠が揺らぐ中、アジア・太平洋地域での米軍の最近の動きは、沖縄の基地問題にも波及する変化の前触れとして輪郭を鮮明にしつつある。
 オーストラリアを初めて訪問しているオバマ米大統領が米海兵隊員約200~250人を北部に駐留させることを伝えた。豪州への本格駐留はこれまでなかった。
 南シナ海で周辺諸国との領有問題で摩擦を生んでいる中国の軍事力増強をけん制する狙いがある。
 豪州はジャングル戦闘などの訓練に適しており、米豪両国は将来的に駐留が2500人規模に拡大するとしている。軍事情勢によってはさらに増える可能性もある。
 中国軍の弾道ミサイルは射程が延び、巡航ミサイルは米空母を標的に捉える精度があるとされる。その射程に入る沖縄やグアムの基地の脆弱(ぜいじゃく)性を問題視する見方が米軍内で顕在化している。
 これに対応するため、兵力配置を分散させ、米軍基地を中国のミサイルの射程外に分散させる「空海戦闘(エア・シー・バトル)構想」がある。豪州駐留がその一環であることは間違いない。
 兵力を分散しても、米軍の機能は損なわれないという検証を経た具体的な動きだろう。
 米海兵隊は三つの遠征軍を、本国の東西海岸にそれぞれ置き、国外唯一の展開拠点が沖縄である。
 地理的優位性を挙げ、沖縄への大規模駐留に固執してきた米軍のアジア・太平洋地域での重心が中国を遠巻きににらむ方向に移りつつある表れといえるだろう。
 クリントン米国務長官がアジア外交のあるべき姿を論じた論文で「より地理的に分散し、作戦面で弾力性があり、政治的に持続可能な米国の軍事態勢が必要である」と言及した。
 日米安保と沖縄の関係に詳しい米国の研究者から米西海岸に在沖海兵隊を移す「後方展開論」も提起されている。
 空海戦闘構想と符節を合わせた見直し論であり、米軍普天間飛行場の県内移設に対し県民が強固に反対する沖縄は、日米安保の中長期的な安定の観点から「持続可能」な状況の対極にある。
 在沖海兵隊は軍事的にも政治的にも役割を終えたのではないか。
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