Can the US Cut Its Umbilical Cord to Oil?

Published in The People's Daily
(China) on 17 January 2013
by Yang Ziyan (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Nathan Hsu. Edited by Gillian Palmer.
The creation and debunking of the shale gas "myth" have both been quick to arrive. The spread of information means that little time elapses between receiving false news and the truth, despite the efforts of some to obstruct the latter.

The U.S. National Intelligence Council's publication, "Global Trends 2030: Alternate Worlds," showed that Americans are brimming with confidence that the U.S. will cut its umbilical cord to the world of oil.

As the entire world studied how to follow in the footsteps of the U.S. shale gas revolution, certain others adopted a responsible attitude and voiced a different opinion: The shale gas industry might be fool's gold.

The Americans who started the myth say that with shale gas the U.S. will possess an abundance of natural gas not only capable of meeting domestic demand, but which will also allow it to become an energy exporter in the next few decades.

The International Energy Agency report is a powerful brace for the confidence of Americans. It has made them feel that they are swimming in oil. The report estimated that by 2017 the U.S. will surpass Saudi Arabia to become the world's top oil producer. In 2015, the U.S. is to become the largest producer of natural gas.

Australia, Canada, Poland, Israel and others all fall within America's camp of shale gas promotion. Strategic analysts have reason to believe that the U.S. will become an energy-producing powerhouse, will reduce its reliance on energy from the Middle East, and will be able to counteract Russia's influence on Central and Eastern Europe. Australia and Canada can export oil and gas to East Asia, strengthening alliances with the U.S.

Leading the charge for this vision of the future was a journalist embedded with the army in Iraq, Robert Kaplan. Take note: This is only a journalist, lauded solely because his theory was to the benefit of the government.

Those who debunked this "myth" believe, based on their backgrounds and expertise, that Kaplan "wove an optimistic story for the naive."*

The article in "Nature" magazine, authored by scientists in the U.K., scoffed at the idea that the energy crisis can be dodged through the use of shale gas, as shale gas well output fell 60 to 90 percent in its first year of operation.

U.S. financial analysts believe from their assessment of the oil business that the world's oil supply has not increased since 2005. This is inconsistent with data provided by other institutions showing that oil output has gone up.

Despite the extremely optimistic position that the U.S. oil industry has adopted in public, it "privately remains skeptical toward shale gas."*

The media, for its part, has a choice. Between optimism and rationality, they prefer to plait together an optimistic tale while responding to voices of reason with a kind of selective deafness.

This selective deafness is a boon for proponents of shale. The U.S. hopes to pull itself out of the ever-deepening morass in the Middle East, and Europe is looking to free itself from Russian control. A shale gas revolution would cause the system of oil price quotes to collapse; OPEC would lose control over prices, and the economies of petroleum-exporting countries would suffer heavily.

Nonetheless, this is but a U.S.-centric, imperfect and optimistic analysis. Arrogant Americans never give a thought to the new relationships between various forces and the re-balancing of power under a multipolar order. Whatever they may believe, seeking to sever the umbilical cord to the world of oil solely through reliance on unreliable shale gas won't prove easy.

* Editor’s Note: These quotations, while accurately translated, could not be verified.


  有关页岩气的“神话”创造与颠覆都来得很快。因为资讯的传播,真假消息不会隔时太远,尽管有人为阻断。

  美国国家情报委员会发布的《2030年全球趋势:可能的世界》,显示了美国人的踌躇满志:美国将切断与石油世界的脐带。

  另外一些人,在全球都在研究如何追随美国进行页岩气革命时,以其负责任的态度发出另一种声音:页岩气产业或是虚假繁荣。

  神话创造者美国人说,有了页岩气,美国将拥有充足的天然气资源,不仅能满足国内需求,还将在未来几十年成为能源出口国。

  IEA的报告是对美国人自信心的强有力支撑。这让美国人感到,他们就是在石油里游泳。该报告预测,到2017年,美国将超过沙特阿拉伯,成为世界上最大的石油生产国。2015年,美国将成为最大的天然气生产国。

  在美国鼓吹的页岩气圈中,澳大利亚、加拿大、波兰、以色列等国均在其列。战略分析者有理由相信,美国成为能源生产大国,可以减少对中东的能源依赖,抵消俄罗斯对中欧、东欧的影响力。澳大利亚和加拿大可将油气资源出口至东亚,加强与美联盟。

  这种愿景的鼓吹者是驻伊拉克军队随军记者罗伯特·卡普兰。注意,这只是一个记者,仅因其言论对官方有利而大受吹捧。

  “神话”颠覆者,以他们可靠的专业背景,认为卡普兰“为天真的人编织了乐观的故事”。

  英国科学家发表在《自然》杂志上的文章对页岩气将避免能源危机的观点嗤之以鼻,因为在其运作的第一年,页岩气井的产量下降了60%至90%之多。

  美国金融分析师对石油行业的分析认为,自2005年以来,世界石油供应量并没有增加,这与其他机构提供的石油生产量增加的数据并不符合。

  尽管美国石油工业在公开场合采取了极为乐观的立场,但“在私下里却对页岩气持怀疑态度”。

  只是媒体是有选择的。在乐观与理性之间,他们更喜欢编织乐观故事,对另一种理性声音则报以选择性失聪。

  这种选择性失聪对鼓吹者有利,美国希望从日益深陷的中东泥潭中抽身,欧洲盼望着能从俄罗斯的控制下解脱。一场页岩气革命,会造成石油报价体系崩溃,欧佩克组织失去价格控制权,原油出口国经济受到重创。

  但这只是以美国为中心的不完备的乐观分析。自大的美国人从来不会考虑各方力量之间的新关系以及多极化秩序下的权力再平衡。尽管如此,仅靠一个不靠谱的页岩气,就想切断与石油世界的脐带,恐怕没那么容易。
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