US President and the Federal Reserve Board: Harmonious Dialogue To Support the Dollar

Published in Sankei Shimbun
(Japan) on 25 August 2025
by (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Dorothy Phoenix. Edited by Patricia Simoni.
On Aug. 22, Jerome Powell, chair of the Federal Reserve, announced intentions to “proceed carefully” regarding policy interest rate cuts, suggesting the possibility that at the next Federal Open Market Committee meeting in September, interest rates could decrease.

Powell is being careful about examining the influence of the U.S. government's tariff policies on commodity prices before cutting rates, but President Donald Trump has criticized him as “Mr. Too Late” in lowering rates.

Powell gave a speech at an economic symposium in Wyoming, stating that circumstances “may warrant adjusting our policy stance.” His statement likely suggests a flexible posture that enables a suitable response based on a job market that indicates downside risks.

The market reacted favorably to Powell's remarks, as the Dow Jones Industrial Average hit a new high for the first time in eight and a half months.

Trump responded to Powell's latest statements, calling them “too late.” However, compared to Trump's most recent remarks about possibly being about to dismiss Powell, whose term of office lasts until next May, his tone seems to have softened.

Powell is continuing with his disciplined leadership. Last fall, he decided to lower interest rates, but since the Trump administration announced its tariff policies, he has maintained a cautious posture toward rapid interest rate cuts. On the one hand, a rate reduction could lead to economic stimulus and reduced burden on U.S. Treasury Bond interest payments, but on the other hand, there is a risk that it could accelerate inflation.

Trump, who wants to emphasize favorable conditions, has increased his confrontational approach toward Powell. He has directed Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent to speed up the selection of Powell's successor. When allegations of home mortgage fraud emerged around Lisa Cook, a member of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors appointed by the previous administration of Joe Biden, he demanded her resignation.

There are concerns that this sequence of words and actions could jeopardize the Federal Reserve Board's recognition as an independent monetary guardian, and that it could lead to an increase in selling off the dollar and in long-term interest rates. Trump would be wise to be careful with his words, but we also hope that Powell will engage in a harmonious dialogue with the administration.

The market is aware of the danger that Powell, hoping to avoid the impression of succumbing to coercion, could be overly concerned with maintaining the status quo and end up missing the appropriate moment to lower interest rates. Powell must not neglect to carefully explain his policy aims to both the market and the Trump administration.

Policy measures based on an objective view of economics and prices is indispensable to the central bank and supports the core dollar-based system. Communication skills are also critical for the Federal Reserve chair.


<主張>米大統領とFRB ドル支える円滑な対話を

米連邦準備制度理事会(FRB)のパウエル議長が22日、政策金利の引き下げを「慎重に進める」と述べ、9月の次回米連邦公開市場委員会(FOMC)で利下げする可能性を示唆した。

パウエル氏は、米政府の関税政策が物価に与える影響を見極めようと利下げに慎重だったが、トランプ大統領から「(利下げが)遅すぎる男」と批判されてきた。

パウエル氏は米西部ワイオミング州での経済シンポジウムで講演し、「政策調整が必要になるかもしれない」と語った。下振れリスクが指摘される雇用情勢次第で柔軟に対応する姿勢を示したものだろう。

市場は発言を好感し、ダウ工業株30種平均は約8カ月半ぶりに最高値を更新した。

トランプ氏は今回のパウエル氏の発言にも「遅すぎる」と反応した。だが、来年5月までが任期のパウエル氏を途中で解任する可能性にも触れた昨今の発言から比べれば、トーンを和らげたとみていいだろう。

パウエル氏にとって厳しいかじ取りが続いている。昨秋に利下げに踏み切ったが、トランプ政権が関税政策を発表して以来、早急な利下げに慎重な姿勢を保ってきた。利下げは景気刺激や米国債の利払い負担の軽減につながる半面、インフレを加速させる危険があるからだ。

良好な景気をアピールしたいトランプ氏はパウエル氏への干渉を強めた。後任候補の選定を急ぐようベセント財務長官に指示した。バイデン前政権が指名したFRBのクック理事に住宅ローン契約を巡る不正が浮上すると、辞任を要求した。


一連の言動は、「通貨の番人」のFRBに認められた独立性を脅かすとの懸念を抱かせ、ドル売りや長期金利の上昇を招いてきた。トランプ氏が発言を慎まねばならないのは当然だが、パウエル氏にも政権との円滑な対話が求められる。

市場は、パウエル氏が、圧力に屈したとの印象を避けたいあまり現状維持にこだわって適切な利下げ時期を逃す危険を意識する。パウエル氏は市場にも政権にも、政策意図に関する丁寧な説明を怠ってはなるまい。

客観的な経済と物価の見通しに基づく政策判断は中央銀行の生命線で、ドル基軸体制を支える。FRB議長にもコミュニケーション能力が問われる。
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