Japan, US and South Korea: Continuation of Talks on Detente with China

Published in Nishinippon Shimbun
(Japan) on 14 June 2022
by (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Dorothy Phoenix. Edited by Helaine Schweitzer.
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine could potentially impact the Indo-Pacific region, raising fears that an intensified arms race and show of force might unilaterally change the current status quo.

An Asian security council meeting recently took place in Singapore, with Japanese Minister of Defense Nobuo Kishi, U.S. Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin and South Korean Minister of National Defense Lee Jong-sup in attendance. It is noteworthy that the cabinet members who are protecting the national security of democracy-minded countries are coming together to share an understanding of the current regional situation and confirm their cooperation.

The pressing issue is how to deal with North Korea, which has increased its ballistic missile launches, and according to observations, is planning to conduct a seventh nuclear test.

A joint statement from the three cabinet members raised concern that North Korea’s provocations “pose a grave threat to international peace and stability,” and announced plans to resume joint training exercises between Japan, the U.S. and South Korea in response to the ballistic missile launches.

The last joint training exercises took place in 2017. Meanwhile, the relationship between Japan and South Korea has cooled due to friction over the South Korean Supreme Court’s decision regarding conscripted laborers, and an incident in which a Japan Self-Defenses Force patrol plane irradiated a South Korean warship. The U.S. has urged both countries to mend the relationship.

The conference became a turning point in achieving this reconciliation due to the inauguration of South Korean President Yoon Seok-youl’s administration, which is forward-facing in repairing the relationship between Japan and South Korea. The joint declaration has been agreed upon between the U.S. and Japan and Japan and South Korea; all sides are finally in step.

Even though there are problems related to historical awareness and trade, the necessary cooperation is growing. We hope the parties stay the course.

Regarding moves by China, which is the biggest unresolved problem, the joint statement emphasized the importance of peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait. This is the first time that defense ministers from Japan, South Korea and the U.S. have all spoken jointly about Taiwan.

Chinese President Xi Jinping, who is eying a unification with Taiwan, has opposed such references to Taiwan as “external interference” in an “internal affair.” Because it is likely that China will use the enhanced relationship between Japan, the U.S. and South Korea as an excuse to increase pressure on Taiwan, the cabinet members of all three countries also met in conference with Chinese Minister of National Defense Wei Fenghe. You could say that this meeting was a valuable chance to convey to China the anxiety spreading throughout Asia, as well as to warn China not to cause trouble.

Kishi criticized the frequent incursions by Chinese ships into territorial waters surrounding Okinawa and the Senkaku Islands, as well as the joint Chinese and Russian flights by strategic bombers in the vicinity of Japan, decrying them as a “show of force” toward Japan and calling for China to exercise self-restraint.

The meeting appeared to end without reaching any agreement. Still, if there is no attempt at any mutual understanding, it will amplify distrust and we will not be able to eliminate the possibility of intermittent military clashes. Even if no consensus is reached, it is necessary to engage with each other about concerns and make an effort to clear up misunderstandings to avoid a crisis.

In particular, the 50-year mark in normalized diplomatic relations between Japan and China is approaching in September. We ought to validate the spirit of the Treaty of Peace and Friendship between Japan and China, which established lasting friendly relations between the two nations.

While there are multiple nuclear states in Northeast Asia, there is no framework for discussing arms reduction and control. To move toward detente, we must continue dialogue like this among cabinet members.


日米韓と中国 緊張緩和へ対話の継続を

ロシアによるウクライナ侵攻の影響がインド太平洋地域に及びかねず、軍拡競争の激化や力による一方的な現状変更が危ぶまれている。

こうした時期にシンガポールで開かれたアジア安全保障会議の場を利用し、岸信夫防衛相とオースティン米国防長官、韓国の李鐘燮(イジョンソプ)国防相が会談した。民主主義を重んじる国の安全保障を担う閣僚が顔を合わせ、地域の現状認識を共有し、連携を確認したことを評価したい。

 喫緊の課題は北朝鮮への対処である。弾道ミサイルの発射に加え、7回目の核実験に踏み切るとの観測がある。

 3閣僚の共同声明は一連の挑発行為に「国際的な平和と安定に対する重大な脅威」と懸念を表明し、弾道ミサイル発射に対応する日米韓共同訓練の再開を打ち出した。

 共同訓練は2017年以来となる。この間、日韓は元徴用工訴訟の韓国最高裁判決や自衛隊哨戒機に対する韓国軍艦のレーダー照射などを巡る摩擦で関係が冷え込み、米国は両国に改善を促していた。

 会談が実現する転機となったのは、韓国で日本との関係改善に前向きな尹錫悦(ユンソンニョル)政権が発足したことだ。共同声明の内容はこれまで日米、米韓で合意しており、ようやく足並みがそろった。

 歴史認識や通商などに問題を抱えていても必要な協力は積み重ねる。この歩みを定着させてもらいたい。

 最大の懸案である中国の動向について、共同声明は台湾海峡の平和と安定の重要性を強調した。日米韓の防衛相がそろって台湾に言及するのは初めてという。

 中国の習近平指導部は統一を目指す台湾への言及に「内政干渉」と反発してきた。中国が日米韓の連携強化を口実に台湾への圧力を強めることもあり得る状況で、日米韓の各閣僚は中国の魏鳳和国務委員兼国防相との会談にも臨んだ。アジアに広がる懸念を中国側に伝え、くぎを刺す貴重な機会だったと言える。

 岸氏は沖縄県・尖閣諸島周辺で頻発する中国公船の領海侵入や、中国がロシアと戦略爆撃機で日本周辺を共同飛行したことを挙げ「わが国に対する示威活動だ」と批判し、自制を求めた。

 会談自体は平行線に終わったもようだ。それでも意思疎通を図らなければ不信が増幅し、偶発的な軍事衝突が起こる可能性は排除できない。合意に至らずとも、互いの懸念について意見を交わし、誤解を解く努力は危機を回避するために必要である。

 特に、日本と中国は今年9月、国交正常化50年の節目を迎える。恒久的な平和友好関係の発展をうたった日中平和友好条約の精神を確認していくべきだ。

 北東アジアには核保有国が複数ありながら軍縮や軍備管理を協議する枠組みがない。緊張緩和に向け、今回のような閣僚の対話は継続しなければならない。
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