America “Hammering Down on Japan” in Toyota Crisis?

Published in Takungpao
(Hong Kong) on 19 February 2010
by Fang Zhengyan (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Yang Tian. Edited by Jessica Boesl.
The escalating drama surrounding Toyota’s worldwide recalls has now entered a crucial stage; the company is expected to announce details of its plans to recall the 2010 Prius models. Corporate seniors are also scheduled to attend American congressional hearings.

In addition to sticking accelerator pedals, the Toyota Prius hybrid has been reported to have brake failings as well. The company failed to acknowledge the latter defect in a timely manner. According to multiple Japanese media sources, however, Toyota will soon announce a recall of the 2010 Prius hybrid, which was reported to have acceleration problems, and has already notified retailers of its decision. A formal announcement will be released after Toyota reported its recall plans to the Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. A total of around 270,000 Prius models are estimated to be recalled in the U.S. and Japanese markets.

Toyota Stocks Dumped on Massive Scale

In an email to its North American retailers, the Toyota executive team spoke of impending repair plans regarding the braking system of the Prius model. An investigation on the possible braking defects of its luxury brand, the Lexus sedan, are also under way.

According to Reuters, the American National Highway Traffic agency has officially begun its investigation of the Prius model’s braking problems. The agency declined to comment on Toyota’s recalls, but requested details from the company before these incidents. It claims to have received 124 complaints about braking failures on bumpy ground from third-generation Prius owners; drivers have filed reports of four collisions caused by the failures as well. The agency confirmed that the investigation includes the 2010 edition. Toyota’s spokesperson conveyed Toyota’s intent to provide “full cooperation” in the investigation.

In addition, according to Toyota’s public agenda, its North America chairman is set to appear at an American congressional hearing on February 10; the hearing will most likely cover recall policies and attempt to determine whether or not Toyota attempted to cover up its product failures. Evidently, the outcome of the hearing will affect the company’s reputation enormously. The U.S. House Energy and Commerce committee will hold a similar hearing on the 25th.

With the recent pummeling of Toyota’s reputation, major automakers have been itching to end Toyota’s reign as the world's largest auto maker. Now comes their prime opportunity; following recalls, and sales and production suspensions, Toyota’s stockholders are dumping their corporate shares down the drain. $25 billion just vanished from the company’s market value in recent weeks; unsurprisingly its competitors, Honda and Nissan, experienced respective rises of 3.3 percent and 2.8 percent, as of January 28. In America, Toyota’s sales dropped 16 percent, while G.M. and Ford enjoyed growths in sales of 24 percent and 16 percent.

Auto Market is Toyota’s No More

Car-makers are racing to court Toyota’s customers. Ford and G.M. retailers are “expressing sympathy” for their Toyota counterparts, but they’re also offering $1000 coupons for Toyota drivers if they want to change gear. The German auto-giant Volkswagen, which stands just beneath Toyota and General Motors in global sales, said 2018 would be “the year we will top Toyota in the global sales market.” According to “Plan 2018,” Volkswagen hopes to sell 10 million cars worldwide, a 60 percent jump from what they’re selling now. Note that the German brand has been on the fast track lately, and does pose a legitimate threat to Toyota’s global dominance. Currently, in America, Volkswagen holds a 2 percent share of the auto market, while Toyota has 17 percent.

Companies like Volkswagen, who once wouldn’t have even thought of challenging Toyota’s firm grip on the global market, are now really a group of hyenas waiting to feast on the fallen buffalo. With such intense competition breathing down its neck, Toyota will likely lose 1 percent of its share of the American market this year.

The Korean company Hyundai, which has been doing quite well in North American markets, has also offered $1000 discounts to customers who own Toyota cars. Even Chrysler, which claimed it would not introduce any discounts on its cars for Toyota owners, will give those drivers who buy their Dodge, Jeep and Ram models $1000 cash returns starting January 29.

The Toyota recalls and subsequent “Prius” issues have been front-page stories in the American press for some time now. The U.S. media, along with the government and the House, have been echoing each other in their statements about loopholes in Toyota’s quality management system and negligent attitude toward consumer safety.

U.S. Transportation Secretary Raymond LaHood issued a statement on February 2 saying that there would be an overhaul of the security defects in Toyota cars, as well as the auto-maker’s recall procedures. The United States is even considering levying a colossal “civil reparation fine” on Toyota.

Sources also imply that Mr. LaHood has called Toyota Chief Akio Toyoda recently, informing him of “how deeply concerned the American government is on the safety issues of Toyota’s cars.” The transportation secretary said, on a public occasion on February 3, that owners of the Toyota models to be recalled should immediately stop driving their cars. Though he quickly corrected that as a mistake and took back his words, his opinion made more than just a small ripple in the auto-industry, as well as among consumers.

It’s Got Something to Do With the Mid-terms

A lot of Japanese media believe that Toyota’s predicament is a revival of the trade friction between Japan and the United States in the 1980s, pointing out that America remains noticeably hostile to Japanese businesses. The Toyo Keizai Weekly commented in an article that Toyota needs to improve its crisis reaction and management system, which has been severely undermined by a single-minded pursuit of lowering costs. There, of course, is a political scenario behind America’s “hammering down” on Toyota. The Toyo article quoted “a member of the American auto-industry” saying, “with Papa ship General Motors staggering in bankruptcy, the U.S. domestic industry is falling into anarchy. President Obama could undertake protection measures in favor of American companies to secure the mid-term elections in November. If Toyota can’t handle this right, even more sensational actions might target it.”

Nippon Keizai Shimbun reported demonstrations by members of the American Auto-Union rallying at the Japanese embassy with signs saying “Toyota is destroying America’s labor structure,” and the like. It commented, “in light of the American mid-term elections, it is undeniable that Toyota’s car quality problems will eventually turn into a political issue.” The Japanese Asahi Shimbun explained U.S. Transportation Secretary Raymond Lahood’s harsh attitude toward Toyota as rooted in pressure from a subpoena from the U.S. House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, to be questioned on February 10, as well as a hearing from another House committee. The transportation secretary would naturally divert this pressure by pressing harder on Toyota.


美藉豐田危機「敲打日本」?/ 方正言
2010-2-19


豐田全球召回的風波愈演愈烈,即將進入關鍵階段。預計豐田也將公開有關召回2010版普銳斯的細節。此外,根據安排,豐田高層將出席美國國會聽證會。
在「踏板門」之後,混合動力車型普銳斯的剎車系統又出現了問題,且在爆出該問題後,豐田遲遲沒有公布處理辦法的細節。多家日本媒體稱,豐田將宣布召回存在剎車缺陷的2010年款普銳斯油電混合動力車,並已著手通知汽車經銷商,預計近日向國土交通省遞交具體方案後告知公眾。豐田計劃在日本和美國市場召回共約27萬輛普銳斯。
豐田股票被大量拋售
據豐田管理層發出的一封電子郵件,公司對北美經銷商說即將展開對普銳斯剎車系統的維修。同時,豐田也針對旗下豪華車品牌雷克薩斯可能存在的剎車問題展開調查。
來自路透社的報道稱,美國國家公路交通安全管理局已經對日本豐田汽車普銳斯混合動力車的剎車問題展開正式調查。美國國家公路交通安全管理局亦表示不會對豐田召回新型普銳斯置評,但如果要召回均要由豐田發出通知。該機構已接到124起投訴,稱當駕駛員駕駛第三代普銳斯駛過顛簸路面時會產生瞬時剎車問題,並有駕駛員報告稱這一問題已導致四起撞車事故。調查涵蓋2010年款的普銳斯。豐田發言人表示「豐田會全力配合」。
此外,根據豐田汽車之前宣布的日程,公司北美總裁將在2月10日出席美國國會聽證會,外界預料將涉及召回決策,包括豐田是否早知汽車有缺陷卻遲遲未宣布召回。聽證結果將直接關係到豐田公司的誠信度。美國眾議院能源和商業委員會也表示將於25日召開類似聽證會。
隨著豐田聲譽遭受連續打擊,各大汽車巨頭對其世界第一的份額可謂虎視眈眈。如今豐田的對手們再次等來了機會:豐田大規模召回、停售和停產後,投資者大量拋售其股票。不久前,豐田一周內市值蒸發250億美元,而豐田的對手日本本田汽車和日產汽車股價在1月28日分別上漲3.3%和2.8%。在美國,豐田汽車1月份的銷售下跌16%,通用、福特卻乘勢上漲了24%和16%。
豐田市場遭爭食
各家車企紛紛開始向豐田的用戶拋出橄欖枝。福特和通用的經銷商一邊向豐田表示同情,一邊向受到召回事件影響的豐田汽車用戶提供1000美元的優惠,以使其購買他們的汽車。銷量排在豐田、通用之後的德國汽車巨頭大眾擁有奧迪、斯柯達等品牌,也把2018年作為超越豐田問鼎世界銷售冠軍的關鍵年份。據其最新通過的「2018年計劃」,大眾希望到時全球銷量為1000萬輛,即比現在增長60%。要知道大眾近期迅猛擴張的勢頭,已經威脅到了豐田全球汽車業老大的地位。目前在美國,大眾的市場佔有率為2%,豐田為17%。這些以前被豐田牢牢踩在腳底下的車企,如今就像禿鷲遇到了垂死的猛虎一般,隨時準備一撲而上。豐田在對手虎視眈眈之下,預計今年在美國會喪失1%的市場佔有率。
在北美市場表現可圈可點的韓國現代汽車,也針對豐田車主推出了1000美元的購車優惠。就連此前稱針對召回事件不會出台任何針對豐田客戶優惠政策的克萊斯勒,也於1月29日加入了「挖牆腳」行列,表示部分豐田車主在購買其道奇、吉普和Ram皮卡任何車型時,將享受1000美元的返現優惠。
此次豐田汽車大規模召回事件以及後續的「普銳斯」問題已經連續多日成為美國媒體的頭等新聞。美國媒體連同政府、議會異口同聲地高調指責豐田質量管理體系存在漏洞,無視消費者人身安全。美國交通部長拉胡德2月2日發表聲明,表示將對豐田汽車的安全缺陷以及召回維修進度進行徹底調查。美方甚至考慮對豐田追繳天文數字的「民事制裁金」。
據悉,拉胡德還於近日直接給豐田公司社長豐田章男打電話,告之「美國政府對豐田汽車安全問題有多麼的關注」。3日,拉胡德在公開場合表示,在召回之列的豐田車車主應當立即停止駕駛問題車輛。雖然他迅速澄清是口誤並收回發言,但這還是在業界和消費者中造成了相當程度的震動和恐慌。
與中期選舉有關
有不少日本媒體將此事件視為上世紀80年代日美貿易摩擦的「死灰復燃」,並指出,美國對日本企業存在很高的敵意。日本《東洋經濟周刊》撰文指出,豐田應對問題的做法拙劣以及只顧削減成本的管理體制存在風險。美國「敲打豐田」的背後有美國的政治情勢原因。文章引述「美國汽車行業相關人士」的話說,「龍頭老大的通用公司破產了,美國國內汽車產業秩序崩潰。奧巴馬總統為了贏得秋天的中期選舉,可能會採取措施保護國內的廠商。如果豐田公司應對失誤,恐怕會引起更具感情色彩的『敲打豐田』舉動。」
《日本經濟新聞》近日也在報道中指出,上月底,全美汽車工會的成員在日本駐美使館前舉行示威,其中就有標語打出了「豐田正在使美國的僱傭制度崩潰」的內容。該報道評論說:「(美國)面臨秋季的中期選舉,不可否認豐田汽車的質量問題最終會發展為一個政治問題。」
對於美國交通部長的嚴厲態度,日本《朝日新聞》解釋說,美國國會下院監督政府改革委員會要在10日對拉胡德質詢豐田問題,25日還有另外一個下院委員會要舉行聽證會。交通部長為了不讓議會的矛頭指向自己,自然會不斷對豐田施加壓力。
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